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| 1 | Linking atmospheric pollution to cryospheric change in the Third Pole region: current progress and future prospects显示文摘The Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings are known as the Third Pole(TP). This region is noted for its high rates of glacier melt and the associated hydrological shifts that affect water supplies in Asia. Atmospheric pollutants contribute to climatic and cryospheric changes through their effects on solar radiation and the albedos of snow and ice surfaces; moreover, the behavior and fates within the cryosphere and environmental impacts of environmental pollutants are topics of increasing concern. In this review, we introduce a coordinated monitoring and research framework and network to link atmospheric pollution and cryospheric changes(APCC) within the TP region. We then provide an up-to-date summary of progress and achievements related to the APCC research framework, including aspects of atmospheric pollution’s composition and concentration, spatial and temporal variations, trans-boundary transport pathways and mechanisms, and effects on the warming of atmosphere and changing in Indian monsoon, as well as melting of glacier and snow cover. We highlight that exogenous air pollutants can enter into the TP’s environments and cause great impacts on regional climatic and environmental changes. At last, we propose future research priorities and map out an extended program at the global scale. The ongoing monitoring activities and research facilitate comprehensive studies of atmosphere–cryosphere interactions, represent one of China’s key research expeditions to the TP and the polar regions and contribute to the global perspective of earth system science. | Shichang Kang Qianggong Zhang Yun Qian Zhenming Ji Chaoliu Li Zhiyuan Cong Yulan Zhang Junming Guo Wentao Du Jie Huang Qinglong You Arnico K.Panday Maheswar Rupakheti Deliang Chen Orjan Gustafsson Mark H.Thiemens Dahe Qin | 2019 | National Science Review2019，6，4： | 35 |
| 2 | Relationship between types of urban forest and PM_(2.5) capture at three growth stages of leaves显示文摘Particulate matter diameter ≤ 2.5 μm(PM2.5) causes direct harm to human health. Finding forms of urban forest systems that with the ability to reduce the amount of particulate matter in air effectively is the aim of this study. Five commonly cultivated kinds of urban forest types were studied in Beijing city at three stages of leaf growth. Results show that the urban forest system is capable of storing and capturing dust from the air. The types of shrubs and broadleaf trees that have the ability to capture PM2.5from the air are most effective when leaves have fully developed. In the leafless season, the conifer and mixed tree types are the most effective in removing dust from the air. For all kinds of forest types and stages of leaf growth, the PM2.5concentration is highest in the morning but lower in the afternoon and evening. Grassland cannot control particles suspended in the air,but can reduce dust pollution caused by dust from the ground blown by the wind back into the air. | Thithanhthao Nguyen Xinxiao Yu Zhenming Zhang Mengmeng Liu Xuhui Liu | 2015 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2015，27，1： | 30 |
| 3 | Occurrence and Diversity of Marine Yeasts in Antarctica Environments显示文摘A total of 28 yeast strains were obtained from the sea sediment of Antarctica.According to the results of routine identi-fication and molecular characterization,the strains belonged to species of Yarrowia lipolytica,Debaryomyces hansenii,Rhodotorula slooffiae,Rhodotorula mucilaginosa,Sporidiobolus salmonicolor,Aureobasidium pullulans,Mrakia frigida and Guehomyces pullu-lans,respectively.The Antarctica yeasts have wide potential applications in biotechnology,for some of them can produce b-galactosidase and killer toxins. | ZHANG Xue HUA Mingxia SONG Chunli CHI Zhenming | 2012 | Journal of Ocean University of China2012，11，1： | 11 |
| 4 | Paleomagnetic data from the Late Carboniferous-Late Permian rocks in eastern Tibet and their implications for tectonic evolution of the northern Qiangtang-Qamdo block显示文摘We report paleomagnetic results from the Late Carboniferous-Late Permian strata in eastern Tibet (China), and aim to clarify the tectonic and paleogeographic evolution of the northern Qiangtang-Qamdo block, which is the key to the study of plate boundary between the Gondwanaland and the Eurasia during the late Paleozoic. Two hundred and nineteen samples-including limestone, muddy siltstone, basalt, lava, and tuff-were collected at 24 sites in the Upper Carboniferous and Middle-Upper Permian successions. A systematic study of rock magnetism and paleomagnetism yields three reliable paleomagnetic pole positions. Both hematite and magnetite occurred in the Late Carboniferous limestone samples. The demagnetization curve shows a characteristic double-component, with the remanent magnetization (ChRM) exhibiting a positive polarity (negative inclination). In the Late Permian limestone, tuff, and basalt, magnetic information were recorded primarily in magnetite, although a small fraction of them was found in hematite in basalt. The demagnetization curve illustrates a double or single component, with the ChRM showing a negative polarity (positive inclination), which has passed the classic fold test successfully. The single polarity features of the ChRM directions of the Late Carboniferous and Middle-Late Permian rocks are respectively related to the Kiaman positive and reversed polarities under the stratigraphic coordinates. This, in turn, indicates that both ChRMs directions represent the original remanence directions. By comparison with the previously published paleomagnetic results from the late Paleozoic rocks in the northern Qiangtang Range, we suggest that: (1) Qamdo and northern Qiangtang block were independent of each other during the Late Carboniferous to the Early Permian periods. The north Lancangjiang ocean basin between the two blocks may have closed before the Middle Permian and been involved in the continent-continent collision stage in the Late Permian-Early Triassic periods. (2) The northern Qiangtang-Qamdo Block paleogeographically was situated at low to intermediate latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere in the Late Carboniferous-Late Permian periods, and began to displace northward in the Early Triassic, with an amount of more than 5000 km northward transport from its current location. | CHENG Xin WU HanNing DIAO ZongBao WANG HaiJun MA Lun ZHANG XiaoDong YANG Gang HONG JingJing JI WenHua LI RongShe CHEN ShouJian ZHAO ZhenMing | 2013 | Science China Earth Sciences2013，56，7： | 8 |
| 5 | A Rapid Analysis Tool for Aerodynamics/Aerothermodynamics of Hypersonic Vehicles显示文摘A rapid engineering surface panel method to analyze aerodynamics and aerothermodynamics of hypersonic vehicles is developed.To obtain the surface pressure distribution of a hypersonic vehicle,the local surface inclination method is applied to calculate the pressure coefficient for each surface panel element,of which the normal vector is corrected first by using an efficient data structure and Rey-casting algorithm,local Reynolds numbers are calculated according to the geometric streamline method,then the aerodynamic heating flux is computed by both reference enthalpy relations and Reynolds analogy method.Several typical test cases are performed and the results indicate that,the developed tool is effective in predicting the aerodynamics/aerothermodynamics for complex geometry of hypersonic vehicle in a wide range of Mach numbers with a sufficient accuracy. | Li Zhengzhou Xiao Tianhang Lü Fanxi Yu Xiongqing Zhang Zhenming Du Sha | 2017 | Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics2017，34，4： | 7 |
| 6 | Tensile Properties and Deformation Behaviors of a New Aluminum Alloy for High Pressure Die Casting显示文摘Effects of natural aging and test temperature on the tensile behaviors have been studied for a highperformance cast aluminum alloy Al–10Si–1.2Cu–0.7Mn. Based on self-strengthening mechanism and spheroidization microstructures, the alloy tested at room temperature(RT) exhibits higher 0.2% proof stress(YS) of 206 MPa, ultimate tensile strength(UTS) of 331 MPa and elongation of 10%. Increasing aging time improves the YS and UTS and reduces the ductility of the alloy. Further increasing aging time beyond72 h does not signi?cantly increase the tensile strengths. Increasing test temperature signi?cantly decreases the tensile strengths and increases the ductility of the alloy. The UTS of the alloy can be estimated by using the hardness. The Portevin–Le Chatelier effect occurs at RT due to the interactions between solid solution atoms and dislocations. Similar behaviors occurring at 250 °C are attributed to dynamic strain aging mechanism. Increasing aging time leads to decrease in the strain-hardening exponent(n) value and increase in the strain-hardening coe?cient(k) value. Increasing test temperature apparently decreases the n and k values. Eutectic phase particles cracking and debonding determine the fracture mechanism of the alloy. Final failure of the alloy mainly depends on the global instability(high temperature, necking) and local instability(RT, shearing). Different tensile behaviors of the alloy are mainly attributed to different matrix strengths, phase particle strengths and damage rate. | Peng Zhang Zhenming Li Baoliang Liu Wenjiang Ding | 2017 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2017，33，4： | 7 |
| 7 | Hydrochlorination of Acetylene Using SiC Foam Supported Structured C/Au Catalysts显示文摘AUCI_3 loaded structured catalysts were prepared on SiC foam supported with pre-coated activated carbon layers.The catalytic properties of the structured catalysts towards hydrochlorination of acetylene were tested in a fixedbed reactor with the AuCI_3 loaded on activated carbon pellets as a reference.For isopyknic catalysts,the structured catalyst with only one fifth of the Au amount as that was used on the reference catalyst exhibited even a little higher acetylene conversion and much better stability than the latter no matter what the gas hourly space velocities of acetylene were used.The results indicated that the more homogeneous distribution of AUCI_3 particles and better heat transfer along the fixed-bed reactor originated from the low pressure drop and high thermal conductivity of the SiC foam supported structured catalysts might be able to account for their improved efficiency and stability.It is believed that these novel structured C/Au catalysts can be potentially applied in VCM industrialization in view of their greatly reduced cost and much prolonged life. | Xiaodan Yang Chunhai Jiang Zhenming Yang Jinsong Zhang | 2014 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2014，30，5： | 6 |
| 8 | Estimated biomass carbon in thinned Cunninghamia lanceolate plantations at different stand-ages显示文摘Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolate[Lamb.]Hook.)is a fast-growing species which is not only important as a timber-supplier,but also as an available sink for carbon(C)storage in biomass.Stand age and density are two critical factors that can determine tree C sequestration as interrelated drivers through natural self-thinning.C.lanceolate were planted using 1-year-old bare-root seedlings at the initial density of 1800 stems ha^(-1)in a 15-ha montane area of Hunan Province,China in 1987.The plantation was thinned twice 10 and 20 years after planting to leave trees of437.5±26.6,675.0±155.2 and 895.8±60.1 stems ha^(-1)as low,medium,and high densities,respectively.Tree height and diameter at breast height(DBH)were measured every2 years beginning from 23 years(2009)to 31 years(2018)after establishment,timber volume(TV)and biomass C were estimated accordingly.We did not find any interactive effect of age and density on any variables except for height.Both TV and biomass C increased with stand age or decreased in higher densities.The allometric heightDBH relationship can be fitted by an exponential risingto-maximum model with higher maximum value over time.The decline of biomass C along density fit with the inverse first-order polynomial model which indicated that at least1300-1500 stems ha^(-1)may be needed to maximize TV and biomass C for a longer term over 20 years.Therefore,to control the density to a reasonable level,over 1300 stems ha^(-1)in a rotation over 20 years old will be practical for tree biomass C in Chinese fir plantations. | Xie Zhang Zhenming Wu Zhongkun Xu Liang Xu Qingqian Xu Jianzhong Lin | 2021 | Journal of Forestry Research2021，32，4： | 5 |
| 9 | Mitochondrial Genome of Episesarma lafondii(Brachyura:Sesarmidae)and Comparison with Other Sesarmid Crabs显示文摘Complete mitochondrial genomes(mitogenomes)can provide useful information for phylogenetic relationships,gene rearrangement,and molecular evolution.Here,the complete mitogenome of Episesarma lafondii(Brachyura:Grapsoidea:Sesarmidae)was sequenced through next-generation sequencing technique for the first time.The 15640 bp mitogenome contains the entire set of 37 genes and an AT-rich region.The rearrangements of two tRNA genes(tRNA-His and tRNA-Gln)are compared with that in the pancrustacean ground pattern,and the tandem duplication/random loss model was selected to explain the observed gene rearrangements.The phylogenetic results showed that all sesarmid crabs belong to the same group,wherein the genus Episesarma showed the closest relationship with Clistocoeloma.Furthermore,the monophyly of each family was well supported except for Xanthidae,Gecarcinidae,and Homolidae.The correlation between the phylogeny of Sesarmidae species and the gaps in the QIM region was analyzed.Evidently,the gaps between Q and I(Gap3 and between I and M(Gap4)degenerated with the evolution process.In general,the results will contribute to the in-depth understanding of gene rearrangements in Sesarmidae mitogenomes and provide new insights into the phylogeny of Brachyura. | ZHANG Ying GAO Yan GONG Li LU Xinting JIANG Lihua LIU Bingjian LIU Liqin LU Zhenming LI Pengfei | 2021 | Journal of Ocean University of China2021，20，6： | 4 |
| 10 | High-throughput screening identifies established drugs as SARS-CoV-2 PLpro inhibitors显示文摘A new coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)has been identified as the etiologic agent for the COVID-19 outbreak.Currently,effective treatment options remain very limited for this disease;therefore,there is an urgent need to identify new anti-COVID-19 agents.In this study,we screened over 6,000 compounds that included approved drugs,drug candidates in clinical trials,and pharmacologically active compounds to identify leads that target the SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease(PLpro).Together with main protease(Mpro),PLpro is responsible for processing the viral replicase polyprotein into functional units.There-fore,it is an attractive target for antiviral drug develop-ment.Here we discovered four compounds,YM155,cryptotanshinone,tanshinone I and GRL0617 that inhibit SARS-CoV-2 PLpro with IC50 values ranging from 1.39 to 5.63 pmol/L.These compounds also exhibit strong antiviral activities in cell-based assays.YM155,an anti-cancer drug candidate in clinical trials,has the most potent antiviral activity with an EC50 value of 170 nmol/L.In addition,we have determined the crystal structures of this enzyme and its complex with YM155,revealing a unique binding mode.YM155 simultaneously targets three'hot'spots on PLpro,including the substrate-binding pocket,the interferon stimulating gene product 15(ISG15)binding site and zinc finger motif.Our results demonstrate the efficacy of this screening and repur-posing strategy,which has led to the discovery of new drug leads with clinical potential for COVID-19 treatments. | Yao Zhao Xiaoyu Du Yinkai Duan Xiaoyan Pan Yifang Sun Tian You Lin Han Zhenming Jin Weijuan Shang Jing Yu Hangtian Guo Qianying Liu Yan Wu Chao Peng Jun Wang Chenghao Zhu Xiuna Yang Kailin Yang Ying Lei Luke W.Guddat Wenqing Xu Gengfu Xiao Lei Sun Leike Zhang Zihe Rao Haitao Yang | 2021 | Protein & Cell2021，12，11： | 4 |
| 11 | Two-stage ADMM-based distributed optimal reactive power control method for wind farms considering wake effects显示文摘Since the connection of small-scale wind farms to distribution networks,power grid voltage stability has been reduced with increasing wind penetration in recent years,owing to the variable reactive power consumption of wind generators.In this study,a two-stage reactive power optimization method based on the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM)algorithm is proposed for achieving optimal reactive power dispatch in wind farm-integrated distribution systems.Unlike existing optimal reactive power control methods,the proposed method enables distributed reactive power flow optimization with a two-stage optimization structure.Furthermore,under the partition concept,the consensus protocol is not needed to solve the optimization problems.In this method,the influence of the wake effect of each wind turbine is also considered in the control design.Simulation results for a mid-voltage distribution system based on MATLAB verified the effectiveness of the proposed method. | Zhenming Li Zhao Xu Yawen Xie Donglian Qi Jianliang Zhang | 2021 | Global Energy Interconnection2021，4，3： | 3 |
| 12 | Seismic behavior of breakwaters on complex ground by numerical tests:Liquefaction and post liquefaction ground settlements显示文摘A large number of breakwaters have been constructed along coasts to protect humans and infrastructures from tsunamis.There is a risk that foundation soils of these structures may liquefy,or partially liquefy during the earthquake preceding a tsunami,which would greatly reduce the structures’capacity to resist the tsunami.It is necessary to consider not only the soil’s liquefaction behavior due to earthquake motions but also its post-liquefaction behavior because this behavior will affect the breakwater’s capacity to resist an incoming tsunami.In this study,numerical tests based on a sophisticated constitutive model and a soil-water coupled finite element method are used to predict the mechanical behavior of breakwaters and the surrounding soils.Two real breakwaters subjected to two different seismic excitations are examined through numerical simulation.The simulation results show that,earthquakes affect not only the immediate behavior of breakwaters and the surrounding soils but also their long-term settlements due to post-earthquake consolidation.A soil profile with thick clayey layers beneath liquefied soil is more vulnerable to tsunami than a soil profile with only sandy layers.Therefore,quantitatively evaluating the seismic behavior of breakwaters and surrounding soils is important for the design of breakwater structures to resist tsunamis. | Gu Linlin Zhang Feng Bao Xiaohua Shi Zhenming Ye Guanlin Ling Xianzhang | 2018 | Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration2018，17，2： | 3 |
| 13 | Microstructure and mechanical properties of bio-inspired Cf/Ti/Mg laminated composites显示文摘Inspired by an old fish skin structure,the Cf/Ti/Mg laminated composites were fabricated by squeeze casting technology.No porous or voids were found in final composite,and carbon fiber was uniformly dispersed in Mg matrix.Furthermore,the addition of net-shaped Ti adsorbed Al element and facilitated the nucleation of Mg_(17)Al_(12)nearby Ti.The reaction product Al_(4)C_(3)was found at the Cf and AZ91 interface.Mechanical tests indicate that the introduction of Ti could greatly improve the toughness of Cf/Mg composites. | Xiaoshi Hu Zhenming Sun Chunlei Zhang Xiaojun Wang Kun Wu | 2018 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2018，6，2： | 3 |
| 14 | A Surfactant-stable Bacillus pumilus K9 α-Keratinase and Its Potential Application in Detergent Industry显示文摘 | GONG Jinsong WANG Yue ZHANG Dandan LI Heng ZHANG Xiaomei ZHANG Rongxian LU Zhenming XU Zhenghong SHI Jinsong | 2015 | Chemical Research in Chinese Universities2015，31，1： | 3 |
| 15 | A comparative study of Ni/Al_2O_3–SiC foam catalysts and powder catalysts for the liquid-phase hydrogenation of benzaldehyde显示文摘In this study, Al_2O_3-washcoated SiC(Al_2O_3–SiC) foams and Al_2O_3 powder were employed as the supports of a Ni catalyst for the liquid-phase hydrogenation of benzaldehyde. A series of Ni/Al_2O_3–SiC foam catalysts and Ni/Al_2O_3 powder catalysts with a Ni loading from 10 wt% to 37 wt% of the weight of Al_2O_3 were first prepared by a deposition–precipitation(DP) method. The catalytic activity and recyclability of both kinds of catalysts were then compared. Although it had a smaller accessible surface area with the reactant, the foam catalyst with a Ni loading of 16 wt% exhibited a slightly higher conversion of benzaldehyde after 6 h(of 99.3%) in comparison with the Ni/Al_2O_3 catalyst with identical Ni loading(conversion of 97.5%). When the Ni loading increased from 16 wt% to 37 wt%, the reaction rate obtained with the foam catalyst increased significantly from 0.108 to 0.204 mol L^(-1)h^(-1), whereas the reaction rate obtained with the powder catalyst increased from 0.106 to 0.123 mol L^(-1)h^(-1). Furthermore, the specific activity(moles of benzaldehyde consumed by 1 g min^(-1)of Ni) of the foam catalyst with a Ni loading above 30 wt% was superior to that of the powder catalyst because of its smaller Ni-particle size and higher mass-transfer rate. The foam catalyst displayed a high recyclability as a function of run times owing to the strong interaction between the Ni component and the Al_2O_3 coating. The conversion of benzaldehyde over the foam catalyst remained almost unchanged after being used 8 times. In comparison, a drop of 43% in the conversion of benzaldehyde with the powder catalyst was observed after being used 7 times due to the leaching of the Ni component. | Kai Li Yilai Jiao Zhenming Yang Jinsong Zhang | 2019 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2019，35，1： | 2 |
| 16 | Estimation of soil organic carbon storage and its fractions in a small karst watershed显示文摘With few available soil organic carbon(SOC)profiles and the heterogeneity of those that do exist, the estimation of SOC pools in karst areas is highly uncertain.Based on the spatial heterogeneity of SOC content of 23,536 samples in a karst watershed, a modified estimation method was determined for SOC storage that exclusively applies to karst areas. The method is a 'soil-type method' based on revised calculation indexes for SOC storage. In the present study, the organic carbon contents of different soil types varied greatly, but generally decreased with increasing soil depth. The organic carbon content decreased nearly linearly to a depth of 0–50 cm and then varied at depths of 50–100 cm. Because of the large spatial variability in the karst area, we were able to determine that influences of the different indexes on the estimation of SOC storage decreased as follows: soil thickness > boulder content > rock fragment content > SOC content > bulk density. Using the modified formula, the SOC content in the Houzhai watershed in Puding was estimated to range from 3.53 to 5.44 kg m^(-2), with an average value of 1.24 kg m^(-2) to a depth of 20 cm, and from 4.44 to 14.50 kg m^(-2), with an average value of 12.12 kg m^(-2) to a depth of 100 cm. The total SOC content was estimated at 5.39*10^(5) t. | Zhenming Zhang Yunchao Zhou Shijie Wang Xianfei Huang | 2018 | Acta Geochimica2018，37，1： | 2 |
| 17 | INFILTRATION KINETICS MODEL OF LIQUID METAL INTO A FIBROUS PREFORM IN CENTRIFUGAL ACCELERATING FIELD显示文摘The infiltration kinetics of the metal melt into a fibrous preform in centrifugal accelerating field is analyzed on the basis of Darcy’s law and the assumption that the fibrous preform is treated as 'bundle of capillaries' The critical rotating speed is analyzed with the established model The influences of the metal melt mass,the rotating speed of the equipment,the casting height, the original outer radius of the metal melt and the fibrous volume fraction in fibrous preform on infilatration are studied The results show that the critical rotating speed is dependent on critical pressure, casting height, metal melt mass and the character of fibrous preform With the increase in the metal melt mass, rotating speed of the equipment and original outer radius of the metal melt, or the decrease in casting height and fibrous volume fraction in fibrous of the metal melt,or the decrease in casting height and fibrous volume fraction in fibrous preform,infiltration of metal melt for fibrous preform becomes easier. | Zhang Xinping,Yu Sirong,He Zhenming (College of Materials Science and Engineering,Jilin University) | 2001 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2001，14，4： | 2 |
| 18 | Real-time controller hardware-in-the-loop co-simulation testbed for cooperative control strategy for cyber-physical power system显示文摘Various distributed cooperative control schemes have been widely utilized for cyber-physical power system(CPPS),which only require local communications among geographic neighbors to fulfill certain goals.However,the process of evaluating the performance of an algorithm for a CPPS can be affected by the physical target characteristics and real communication conditions.To address this potential problem,a testbed with controller hardware-in-the-loop(CHIL)is proposed in this paper.On the basis of a power grid simulation conducted using the real-time simulator RT-LAB developed by the company OPAL-RT,along with a communication network simulation developed with OPNET,multiple distributed controllers were developed with hardware devices to directly collect the real-time operating data of the power system model in RT-LAB and provide local control.Furthermore,the communication between neighboring controllers was realized using the cyber system modelin OPNET with an Ethernet interface.The hardware controllers produced a real-world control behavior instead of a digital simulation,and precisely simulated the dynamic features of a CPPS with high speed.A classic cooperative control case for active power output was studied to explain the integrated simulation process and validate the effectiveness of the co-simulation testbed. | Zhenyu Wang Donglian Qi Jingcheng Mei Zhenming Li Keting Wan Jianliang Zhang | 2021 | Global Energy Interconnection2021，4，2： | 2 |
| 19 | A Carboxymethyl Cellulase from a Marine Yeast(Aureobasidium pullulans 98): Its Purification, Characterization, Gene Cloning and Carboxymethyl Cellulose Digestion显示文摘We have reported that A. pullulans 98 produces a high yield of cellulase. In this study, a carboxymethyl cellulase(CMCase) in the supernatant of the culture of A. pullulans 98 was purified to homogeneity, and the maximum production of CMCase was 4.51 U(mg protein)-1. The SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the molecular mass of the purified CMCase was 67.0 k Da. The optimal temperature of the purified enzyme with considerable thermosensitivity was 40℃, much lower than that of the CMCases from other fungi. The optimal p H of the enzyme was 5.6, and the activity profile was stable in a range of acidity(p H 5.0–6.0). The enzyme was activated by Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, K+, Fe2+ and Cu2+, however, it was inhibited by Fe3+, Ba2+, Zn2+, Mn2+ and Ag+. Km and Vmax values of the purified enzyme were 4.7 mg m L-1 and 0.57 μmol L-1 min-1(mg protein)-1, respectively. Only oligosaccharides with different sizes were released from carboxymethylcellulose(CMC) after hydrolysis with the purified CMCase. The putative gene encoding CMCase was cloned from A. pullulans 98, which contained an open reading frame of 954 bp(EU978473). The protein deduced contained the conserved domain of cellulase superfamily(glucosyl hydrolase family 5). The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified CMCase was M-A-P-H-A-E-P-Q-S-Q-T-T-E-Q-T-S-S-G-Q-F, which was consistent with that deduced from the cloned gene. This suggested that the purified CMCase was indeed encoded by the cloned CMCase gene in this yeast. | RONG Yanjun ZHANG Liang CHI Zhenming WANG Xianghong | 2015 | Journal of Ocean University of China2015，14，5： | 2 |
| 20 | Comparative mitochondrial genome analysis of Varunidae and its phylogenetic implications显示文摘Complete mitochondrial genomes(mitogenomes)can indicate phylogenetic relationships,as well as useful information for gene rearrangement mechanisms and molecular evolution.Currently,the phylogenetic location of the genus Varuna(Brachyura:Varunidae)has not been well resolved mainly because of limited representatives(only two extant species).Here,we determined a new mitogenome of this genus(Varuna litterata)and added the published mitogenomes to reconstruct the phylogeny of Varunidae.The 16368-bp mitogenome contains the entire set of 37 genes and a putative control region.The characteristics of this newly sequenced mitogenome were described and compared with the other 15 Varunidae mitogenomes.All 16 analyzed mitogenomes have identical gene order and similar molecular features.The sliding window and genetic distance analyses demonstrate highly variable nucleotide diversity,with comparatively low variability of COI and COII,and high variability of ND6.The nonsynonymous/synonymous substitution rates(dN/dS ratio)analysis shows that all 13 PCGs are under purifying selection and ATP8 gene evolves under the least selective pressure.Twelve tRNA genes,two rRNAs,one PCG,and the putative control region are found to be rearranged with respect to the pancrustacean ground pattern gene order.Tandem duplication/random loss model is adopted to explain the large-scale gene rearrangement events occurring in Varunidae mitogenomes.Phylogenetic analyses show that all Varunidae species are placed into one group,and form a sister clade with Macrophthalmidae.Nevertheless,the phylogenetic relationships within Varunidae are not completely consistent based on the two different datasets used in this study.These findings will contribute to a better understanding of gene rearrangement and molecular evolution in Varunidae mitogenomes,as well as provide insights into the phylogenetic studies of Brachyura. | Ying Zhang Li Gong Xinting Lu Zengliang Miao Lihua Jiang Bingjian Liu Liqin Liu Pengfei Li Xu Zhang Zhenming Lü | 2022 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2022，41，6： | 2 |
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