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| 1 | Determination of 50% endpoint titer using a simple formula显示文摘Two commonly used methods for calculating 50% endpoint using serial dilutions are Spearman-Karber method and Reed and Muench method. To understand/apply the above formulas, moderate statistical/mathematical skills are necessary. In this paper, a simple formula/method for calculating 50% endpoints has been proposed. The formula yields essentially similar results as those of the SpearmanKarber method. The formula has been rigorously evaluated with several samples. | Muthannan Andavar Ramakrishnan | 2016 | World Journal of Virology2016，5，2： | 12 |
| 2 | Weighted estimates for the multilinear commutators of the Littlewood-Paley operators显示文摘In this paper, weighted Lp estimates and sharp weighted endpoint estimates for the mul-tilinear commutators of the Littlewood-Paley operators are established. | XUE QingYing DING Yong | 2009 | Science China Mathematics2009，52，9： | 8 |
| 3 | 嵌入式USB从设备驱动程序设计显示文摘本文通过基于S3C2410的嵌入式USB从设备驱动程序的实现,介绍嵌入式Linux系统中的USB从设备驱动程序的设计方法,同时介绍了USB接口的一般原理和USB通信的一般过程,以及嵌入式Linux中驱动程序开发的一般原理和方法。 | 黄晓敏 朱光喜 | 2007 | 微计算机信息2007，23，04Z： | 7 |
| 4 | Antiviral treatment for chronic hepatitis B: Safety, effectiveness, and prognosis显示文摘The goal of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) therapy is to improve the patient prognosis through the sustained inhibition of viral replication. However, due to the uncertainty and potentially unlimited duration of the treatment course, nucleus(t)ide analogue (NA) resistance and safety, financial costs and patient compliance, different endpoints of antiviral treatment have been proposed in CHB prevention and treatment guidelines. Different treatment endpoints are closely associated with the safety of drug withdrawal and improvements in prognosis. Antiviral treatment suppresses HBV DNA replication, drug withdrawal leads to relapse, and long-term treatment causes drug safety and resistance issues. Although hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion based on HBV DNA inhibition is considered as “a satisfactory endpoint”, drug withdrawal still leads to high relapse rates. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) clearance is the “ideal endpoint” in terms of the safety of drug withdrawal and improvements in prognosis. However, the HBsAg clearance rate is low using the conventional single drug treatment and fixed course regimens. Recently, the application of an “optimized antiviral treatment strategy” has improved the HBsAg clearance rate, and make an “ideal endpoint” possible. This article reviews the different antiviral treatment endpoints in terms of the safety of drug withdrawal, improvements in prognosis and relevant advances. | Ya-Li Wu Cheng-Li Shen Xin-Yue Chen | 2019 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2019，7，14： | 6 |
| 5 | Predicting the Endpoint Phosphorus Content of Molten Steel in BOF by Two-stage Hybrid Method显示文摘A two-stage hybrid method is proposed to predict the phosphorus content of molten steel at the endpoint of steelmaking in BOF(Basic Oxygen Furnace). At the first clustering stage, the weighted K-means is performed to produce clusters with homogeneous data. At the second predicting stage, each fuzzy neural network is carried out on each cluster and the results from all fuzzy neural networks are combined to be the final result of the hybrid method. The hybrid method and single fuzzy neural network are compared and the results show that the hybrid method outperforms single fuzzy neural network. | Hong-bing WANG Jun CAI Kai FENG | 2014 | Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)2014，21，S1： | 3 |
| 6 | NONWANDERING SETS OF CONTINUOUS INTERVAL SELF-MAPS显示文摘Let I be an interval (i. e. a nontrivial connected subset of the real line), and let f:Ⅰ→Ⅰ be continuous mapping.The set P(f) of periodic points and the nonwandering set Ω(f) are defined as usual. | 熊金城 | 1984 | Chinese Science Bulletin1984，29，11： | 2 |
| 7 | Risk assessment model for endpoints of ischemic stroke: A study protocol for a registry study显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk of ischemic stroke endpoints by establishing risk assessment models that combine Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)and modern medicine indicators.METHODS/DESIGN: The proposed study is a registry-based participant survey conducted in seven hospitals nationwide in China. After obtaining informed consent, 3000 patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke will be recruited. One-year follow-ups will be performed on-site in hospitals and by telephone to track endpoint events. Comparative analysis of the prevalence of endpoint events and other TCM or modern medicine features in different groups will be conducted using frequency analysis and χ2tests, and the results will be expressed as composition ratios. Comparative analysis of quantitative scores and related patterns or symptoms will be conducted using a rank-sum test. Correlation analysis of endpoint events and TCM or modern medicine factors will be performed using a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model.DISCUSSION: Previous reports have described modern medicine indicator-based risk assessment models for ischemic stroke endpoint events, but no such studies have included TCM features. Our new risk assessment model combines TCM and modern medicine indicators and thus has the potential to facilitate early warning, early intervention, and early control of ischemic stroke endpoint events. | Zhang Yin Liu Yue Wang Guiqian Sun Shuailing Gao Yang Xie Yanming | 2018 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2018，38，6： | 2 |
| 8 | Improved Method and Application of EMD Endpoint Continuation Processing for Blasting Vibration Signals显示文摘In order to deal with the non-stationary characteristics of blasting vibration signals and the end issue in the empirical mode decomposition(EMD), an improved endpoint continuation method is proposed. First, the linear continuation method of extreme points is used to determine the extremum of the signal endpoint fast. Secondly, the extreme points of transition section outside the signal ends are obtained by a mirror continuation method of extreme points, and then the envelope and continuation curve of the transition section of the signal are constructed. Lastly, the sinusoid of the stationary section outside the signal is constructed to achieve the continuation curve from the transition section to the stationary section. Based on the 'singular extreme points' phenomenon of blasting vibration signal, the negative maxima and positive minimum are eliminated, then the maximum and minimum are guaranteed to appear at intervals. Thus,the number of iterations is reduced and the instability of EMD decomposition is improved. The calculation formula of amplitude, cycle and initial phase are given for the transition section and stationary section outside the signal. The endpoint processing effect of the simulated signal and the measured blasting vibration signal show that the improved endpoint continuation method can suppress the signal endpoint effect well. | Qing Li Wenlong Xu Di Zhang Dandan Feng Na Li | 2019 | Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology2019，28，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Immunological surrogate endpoints of COVID-2019 vaccines:the evidence we have versus the evidence we need显示文摘lIn response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)pandemic,over 200 vaccine candidates againstcoronavirus disease 2019(COVID-2019)are under development and currently moving forward at an unparalleled speed.Theavailability of surrogate endpoints would help to avoid large-scale filed efficacy trials and facilitate the approval of vaccine candidates,which is crucial to control COVID-19 pandemic.Several phase 3 efficacy trials of COVID-19 vaccine candidates are underway,which provide opportunities for the determination of COVID-19 correlates of protection.In this paper,we review currentknowledge for existence of COVD-19 correlates of protection,methods for assessment of immune correlates of protection andissues related to COVID-19 correlates of protection. | Pengfei Jin Jingxin Li Hongxing Pan Yanfei Wu Fengcai Zhu | 2021 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2021，6，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Clinico-pathological characteristics and prognosis of Ig A nephropathy patients with microalbuminuria and deposition of complement C3显示文摘Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological data and prognosis of Ig A nephropathy patients with microalbuminuria and deposition of C3,and to investigate the significance of C3 deposition in Ig A nephropathy with microalbuminuria.Methods The clinical and pathological data of 127 Ig A nephropathy patients with microalbu- | 郭宗运 | 2016 | China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine)2016，33，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Opportunities and challenges of clinical trials in cardiology using composite primary endpoints显示文摘In clinical trials, the primary efficacy endpoint often corresponds to a so-called 'composite endpoint'. Composite endpoints combine several events of interest within a single outcome variable. Thereby it is intended to enlarge the expected effect size and thereby increase the power of the study. However, composite endpoints also come along with serious challenges and problems. On the one hand, composite endpoints may lead to difficulties during the planning phase of a trial with respect to the sample size calculation, asthe expected clinical effect of an intervention on the composite endpoint depends on the effects on its single components and their correlations. This may lead to wrong assumptions on the sample size needed. Too optimistic assumptions on the expected effect may lead to an underpowered of the trial, whereas a too conservatively estimated effect results in an unnecessarily high sample size. On the other hand, the interpretation of composite endpoints may be difficult, as the observed effect of the composite does not necessarily reflect the effects of the single components. Therefore the demonstration of the clinical efficacy of a new intervention by exclusively evaluating the composite endpoint may be misleading. The present paper summarizes results and recommendations of the latest research addressing the above mentioned problems in the planning, analysis and interpretation of clinical trials with composite endpoints, thereby providing a practical guidance for users. | Geraldine Rauch Bernhard Rauch Svenja Schüler Meinhard Kieser | 2015 | World Journal of Cardiology2015，7，1： | 1 |
| 12 | ENHANCED TUMORIGENESIS BY SMALL, PROTRACTED DOSES OF DENSELY IONIZING RADIATION显示文摘Starting with observations that were first published in 1982, a series of additional findings led to the discovery of an important property of cells in late G2/mitosis. In addition to being the most sensitive to killing, cells in this age-interval were also shown to be the most sensitive to radiation-induced neoplastic transformation. In this work. C3H mouse cells, designated 10T1/2, were irradiated with fission-spectrum neutrons and assayed in vitro via the endpoint focus formation on a monolayer of normal cells. From these observations, a biophysical model was developed to explain the anomalous finding that the frequency of transformation by low doses was enhanced when the exposure was protracted. In contrast to transformation by X- and y-rays where repair and kinetics during exposure play dominant roles, with radiations like reactor neutrons and x-particles repair has a minimal effect; only cell kinetics acts significantly to modify transformation due to protracted doses. In this report, the lack | M.M. ElkindDepartment of Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, U.S.A. | 1994 | Chinese Medical Journal1994，，6： | 1 |
| 13 | CAVITATION FLOW IN THE END REGION OF A CIRCULAR ARC显示文摘One of the pressing problems in hydraulic engineering is that the solid boundary, in the form of a circular arc, is apt to produce cavitation and sustain damage under the action of high-velocity flow. As the reason of the occurrence of cavitation in the end region of a circular arc is yet unknown, we cannot predict the cavitation inception for a given solid boundary condition. Recently we have made some research work about this problem. The results are the following: | 夏维洪 孙景琴 贾春英 | 1984 | Chinese Science Bulletin1984，29，7： | 0 |
| 14 | Prognostic significance of early lactate clearance rate for severe acute respiratory failure patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation显示文摘Objective To investigate the prognostic significanceof early lactate clearance rate for severe acute respiratory failure patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO).Methods Forty-three patients with severe acute respiratory failure supported by venous-venous(v-v)ECMO were enrolled from January 2007 to January 2013.Arterial blood lactate at pre-ECMO support(0 h)and | 臧芝栋 | 2014 | China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine)2014，31，2： | 0 |
| 15 | The long-term outcome of endovascular treatment versus medical treatment for severe intracranial artery stenosis of anterior circulation显示文摘Objective To compare long-term outcome by endovascular treatment and medical treatment in severe intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis of anterior circulation.Methods Consecutive patients in Nanjing Stroke Registry Program who had transient ischemic attack or | 蔡乾昆 | 2013 | China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine)2013，30，1： | 0 |
| 16 | THE OPTIMAL CONTROL OF DELAY CONTROL SYSTEMS WITH RESTRICTED STATE RIGHT ENDPOINT显示文摘In this paper, for the delay control system:with State right endpoint restricled by conditiona maximum principle is given. And as a specificexample. this paper gives a maximumprinciple under the condition that partial states right endpoints be completely fixed.Finally , this paper gives an example to explain the application of the main result ofthis paper. All the results are suitable for the control systems with multidelay as well. | 蒋威 郑祖庥 | 1997 | Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition)1997，18，9： | 0 |
| 17 | THE MAXIMUM NUMBER OF INTERSECTIONS BETWEEN TWO RECTANGULAR PATHS显示文摘In laying routes on printed circuit boards and VLSI chips, wires are usually allowed to run rectilinearly. This makes people consider the number of intersections between two rectangular paths on a plane. A Manhattan path on the plane consists of a horizontal line segment and a vertical line segment sharing a common endpoint. A rectangular path P | 李乔 徐俊明 张忠良 | 1992 | Chinese Science Bulletin1992，37，6： | 0 |
| 18 | THE EXISTENCE OF SOLUTIONS FOR A KIND OF SOLITARY WAVES显示文摘In this paper we prove that the nonlinear wave equations and nonlinear disper-sive | 符鸿源 | 1983 | Chinese Science Bulletin1983，28，12： | 0 |
| 19 | Impact of diabets on clinical outcomes following multivessel percutaneous interventions显示文摘Objective To compare the rates of mortality,mycardial infarction (MI) ,repeat revascularization and stent thrombosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with implantation of stents for diabetics versus nondiabetics with multivessel disease to evaluate the im- | 乔岩 | 2013 | China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine)2013，30，3： | 0 |
| 20 | ENDPOINT DETECTOR OF NOISY SPEECH SIGNAL USING A RECURRENT NEURAL NETWORK显示文摘IntroductionEndpointdetectionofspeechsignalisimportantinmanyareasofspeechprocessingtechnology,suchasspeechenhancement,speechr... | 韦晓东 胡光锐 | 1999 | Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science)1999，4，1： | 0 |
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