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| 1 | 利用星载激光雷达资料研究东亚地区云垂直分布的统计特征显示文摘已有研究表明:云的垂直结构(简称CVS)是一个在卫星资料反演和气候模式预测中很重要的云特征。本文通过利用美国2006年刚发射的卫星CALIPSO(Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Obser-vations)所负载的激光雷达Level2_05km的云数据,研究了东亚地区(18°N^53°N,74°E^144°E)云的垂直分布特征。结果表明:东亚地区多层云云量在夏季、秋季、冬季、春季分别为43.6%、29.6%、21.1%、33.3%,而多层云分布中双层云比例最大。云顶和云底高度除了随季节变化显著外,还有明显的区域特征。单层云、双层云以及三层云的云顶和云底高度的数据显示,三层云中最上层的云顶和云底最高,并始终高于两层云中最上层云的云顶和云底高度。平均云层厚度季节变化不明显,其值普遍在0.9~2km范围之间。而云层间距同样没有明显的季节和区域变化,其出现的概率随距离的增大而减小。其中,间距在0.35km的概率最大,占到将近50%。而间距在1.45km附近的概率大约为15%,高一点的可达到20%。 | 李积明 黄建平 衣育红 吕达仁 | 2009 | 大气科学2009，33，4： | 72 |
| 2 | Effects of long-term green manure application on the content and structure of dissolved organic matter in red paddy soil显示文摘Dissolved organic matter(DOM) plays important roles in soil biogeochemistry activity and nutrients transportation in soils, but studies regarding the long-term effects of green manures on the content and structure of DOM in red paddy soil have not been reported yet. A long-term green manure experiment established in 1982 was utilized to test the DOM contents in different treatments, and the spectral characteristics of DOM were investigated by using ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis) spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectrometry. The experiment included four cropping systems: ricerice-milk vetch(RRV), rice-rice-rape(RRP), rice-rice-ryegrass(RRG) and rice-rice-winter fallow(RRF), among them, milk vetch, rape, and ryegrass are popular winter green manure species in southern China. The results showed that the content of dissolved organic carbon(DOC), which is widely used to estimate the concentration of DOM, was significantly promoted after the incorporation of green manures compared with the other sampling stages. The contents of aromatic groups and the degree of humification of DOM increased in RRV and RRP, suggesting more complex compositions of the soil DOM after long-term application of milk vetch and rape. The contents of phenol, alcohol and carboxylic acid group at the mature stage of early rice were significantly higher than those at the stage of after green manures turned over, especially for the RRV treatment. The absorption ratio of FTIR indicated that winter plantation of rape increased the aromatic-C/aliphatic-C ratio, and ryegrass increased the aromatic-C/carboxyl-C ratio. In conclusion, long-term planting of milk vetch and rape as green manures increased the degree of aromaticity, humification and average molecular weight of DOM, and made the DOM more stable in red paddy soil. | GAO Song-juan GAO Ju-sheng CAO Wei-dong ZOU Chun-qin HUANG Jing BAI Jinshun DOU Fu-gen | 2018 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2018，17，8： | 21 |
| 3 | Features of infrared thermal image and radiation temperature of coal rocks loaded显示文摘Experimental study discovered that: (i) coal rocks and sandstone in the course of loading have three types of infrared thermal image features and three types of infrared radiation temperature features; (ii) infrared detection is comparable with acoustic emission detection and electrical resistance detection. Generally, the infrared forewarning of coal rocks’ failure comes later than that of acoustic and electrical resistance, but the infrared radiation temperature forewarning of coal burst comes earlier. On the basis of comprehensive study and analysis, it was suggested that stress nearby 0.79 σ c should be taken as the stress-caution-zone for rock mass failure, ground pressure and its disasters monitoring. | 吴立新 王金庄 | 1998 | Science China Earth Sciences1998，41，2： | 19 |
| 4 | 近红外光谱分析技术及发展前景显示文摘 | 陈丽菊 刘巍 | 2006 | 现代物理知识2006，18，2： | 18 |
| 5 | Recognition of wood surface defects with near infrared spectroscopy and machine vision显示文摘To improve the accuracy in recognizing defects on wood surfaces,a method fusing near infrared spectroscopy(NIR)and machine vision was examined.Larix gmelinii was selected as the raw material,and the experiments focused on the ability of the model to sort defects into four types:live knots,dead knots,pinholes,and cracks.Sample images were taken using an industrial camera,and a morphological algorithm was applied to locate the position of the defects.A portable near infrared spectrometer(900–1800 nm)collected the spectra of these positions.In addition,principal component analysis was utilized on these variables from spectral information and principal component vectors were extracted as the inputs of the model.The results show that a back propagation neural network model exhibited better discrimination accuracy of 92.7%for the training set and 92.0%for the test set.The research reveals that the NIR fusing machine vision is a feasible tool for detecting defects on board surfaces. | Huiling Yu Yuliang Liang Hao Liang Yizhuo Zhang | 2019 | Journal of Forestry Research2019，30，6： | 16 |
| 6 | Broadband achromatic metalens in terahertz regime显示文摘Achromatic focusing is essential for broadband operation, which has recently been realised from visible to infrared wavelengths using a metasurface. Similarly, multi-terahertz functional devices can be encoded in a desired metasurface phase profile. However, metalenses suffer from larger chromatic aberrations because of the intrinsic dispersion of each unit element. Here, we propose an achromatic metalens with C-shaped unit elements working from 0.3 to 0.8 THz with a bandwidth of approximately 91% over the centre frequency. The designed metalens possesses a high working efficiency of more than 68% at the peak and a relatively high numerical aperture of 0.385. We further demonstrate the robustness of our Cshaped metalens, considering lateral shape deformations and deviations in the etching depth. Our metalens design opens an avenue for future applications of terahertz meta-devices in spectroscopy, time-offlight tomography and hyperspectral imaging systems. | Qingqing Cheng Meilin Ma Dong Yu Zhixiong Shen Jingya Xie Juncheng Wang Nianxi Xu Hanming Guo Wei Hu Shuming Wang Tao Li Songlin Zhuang | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，20： | 16 |
| 7 | A method for canopy water content estimation for highly vegetated surfaces-shortwave infrared perpendicular water stress index显示文摘In this paper, a new method for canopy water content (FMC) estimation for highly vegetated surfaces- shortwave infrared perpendicular water stress index (SPSI) is developed using NIR, SWIR wavelengths of Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) on the basis of spectral features and distribution of surface targets with different water conditions in NIR-SWIR spectral space. The developed method is further explored with radiative transfer simulations using PROSPECT, Lillesaeter, SailH and 6S. It is evident from the results of validation derived from satellite synchronous field measurements that SPSI is highly correlated with FMC, coefficient of determination (R squared) and root mean square error are 0.79 and 26.41%. The paper concludes that SPSI has a potential in vegetation water content estimation in terms of FMC. | GHULAM Abduwasit KASIMU Alimujiang | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，9： | 15 |
| 8 | Experimental exploration and research prospect of physical bases and functional characteristics of meridians显示文摘The physical basis of meridians and acupoints (acupuncture points) is in a complex system mainly of connective tissue and interwoven with the blood capillaries, nerves, lymph vessels,etc. Elements of Ca, P, K, Fe, Zn, Mn, etc are found concentrated in the deep connective tissue structures in locations corresponding to acupoints. On this physical basis, the specific waveband of high efficiency for transmission of infrared rays exists in the collagenous fibre in a liquid crystal state. The development direction and new idea of researching on acupuncture and meridians are discussed. | Lun Fei Huansheng Cheng Deheng Cai Shixun Yang Jianrong Xu Eryu Chen Ruishan Dang Guanghong Ding Xueyong Shen Yi Tang et al. | 1998 | Chinese Science Bulletin1998，43，15： | 15 |
| 9 | 九种蔷薇科植物叶片的傅里叶红外光谱与亲缘关系分析显示文摘以蔷薇科三个亚科九种植物的叶为材料,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱法对九种植物进行亲缘关系分析和品种鉴定。叶中主要含有大量的碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂类、核酸等物质。糖类物质的峰主要在1440~775cm-1之间,1440~1337cm-1为纤维素、木质素的振动峰,1000~775cm-1为核糖的伸缩振动。蛋白质的峰主要在1620~1235cm-1之间,1620cm-1为蛋白质酰胺Ⅰ带的CO伸缩振动,1523cm-1为蛋白质酰胺Ⅱ带N-H和C-N吸收峰。脂类物质的峰主要出现在2930~1380cm-1之间,2922cm-1为脂肪CH2的伸缩振动,1732cm-1是脂肪酸CO的伸缩振动。核酸的标志峰出现在1250~1000cm-1,1068cm-1是磷酸基团的对称伸缩振动,1246cm-1是磷酸基团的不对称伸缩振动。研究结果表明:FTIR光谱数据经平滑、标准化处理、二阶求导、主成分分析和系统聚类建立的聚类分析模型与传统分类结果相一致。杏、樱桃聚为一类(李亚科),翻白叶、月季、草莓聚为第二类(蔷薇亚科),火棘、苹果、枇杷、海棠聚为第三类(苹果亚科),亚科聚类正确率为100%,但属聚类的正确率仅为55.56%。利用该聚类模型进行物种鉴定正确率为100%。该项研究为植物的亲缘关系分析提供了新的思路与方法。 | 邱璐 李晓勇 刘鹏 范树国 谢美华 刘仁明 周林宗 王静 | 2014 | 光谱学与光谱分析2014，34，2： | 15 |
| 10 | Water contents and deformation mechanism in ductile shear zone of middle crust along the Red River fault in southwestern China显示文摘Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), we measured water contents of quartz and feldspar for four thin sections of felsic mylonite and two thin sections of banded granitic gneiss col- lected from a ductile shear zone of middle crust along the Red Rivers-Ailaoshan active fault. The ab- sorbance spectra and peak position suggest that water in quartz and feldspar of granitic gneiss and felsic mylonite occurs mainly as hydroxyl in crystal defect, but also contains inclusion water and grain boundary water. The water contents of minerals were calculated based on the absorbance spectra. Water content of feldspar in granitic gneiss is 0.05 wt%-0.15 wt%, and that of quartz 0.03 wt%-0.09 wt%. Water content of feldspar ribbon and quartz ribbon in felsic mylonite is 0.095 wt%-0.32 wt%, and those of fine-grained feldspar and quartz are 0.004 wt%-0.052 wt%. These data show that the water content of weakly deformed feldspar and quartz ribbons is much higher than that of strongly deformed fine-grained feldspar and quartz. This suggests that strong shear deformation leads to breakage of the structures of constitutional water, inclusion and grain boundary water in feldspar and quartz, and most of water in minerals of mylonite is released to the upper layer in the crust. | ZHOU YongSheng HE ChangRong YANG XiaoSong | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，10： | 14 |
| 11 | Using deep learning to detect small targets in infrared oversampling images显示文摘According to the oversampling imaging characteristics, an infrared small target detection method based on deep learning is proposed. A 7-layer deep convolutional neural network(CNN) is designed to automatically extract small target features and suppress clutters in an end-to-end manner. The input of CNN is an original oversampling image while the output is a cluttersuppressed feature map. The CNN contains only convolution and non-linear operations, and the resolution of the output feature map is the same as that of the input image. The L1-norm loss function is used, and a mass of training data is generated to train the network effectively. Results show that compared with several baseline methods, the proposed method improves the signal clutter ratio gain and background suppression factor by 3 – 4 orders of magnitude, and has more powerful target detection performance. | LIN Liangkui WANG Shaoyou TANG Zhongxing | 2018 | Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics2018，29，5： | 14 |
| 12 | IMPENDING-EARTHQUAKE SATELLITE THERMAL INFRARED AND GROUND TEMPERATUREINCREASE ANOMALIES显示文摘This note mainly discusses the relation of the impending-earthquake satellite thermal infrared anomaly with the ground temperature-increase anomaly, namely, expounds the problem if the satellite thermal infrared anomaly is the reflection of the surficial temperatureincrease anomaly caused by seismic activities on the basis of previous works about the rela- | 强祖基 徐秀登 赁常恭 | 1991 | Chinese Science Bulletin1991，36，22： | 13 |
| 13 | A Study on Retrieving Atmospheric Profiles from EOS/AIRS Observations显示文摘The paper presents the algorithms for retrieving atmospheric temperature and moisture profiles and surface skin temperature from the high-spectral-resolution Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) with a statistical technique based on principal component analysis. The synthetic regression coefficients for the statistical retrieval are obtained by using a fast radiative transfer model with atmospheric characteristics taken from a dataset of global radiosondes of atmospheric temperature and moisture profiles. Retrievals are evaluated by comparison with radiosonde observations and European Center of Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) analyses. AIRS retrievals of temperature and moisture are in general agreement with the distributions from ECMWF analysis fields and radiosonde observations, but AIRS depicts more detailed structure due to its high spectral resolution (hence, high vertical spatial resolution). | 官莉 ALLEN Huang 李俊 | 2005 | Acta meteorologica Sinica2005，19，1： | 11 |
| 14 | 近红外光谱分析技术在饲料工业中的应用进展显示文摘 | 赵雅欣 王红英 | 2005 | 饲料工业2005，26，21： | 11 |
| 15 | Development of small pixel HgCdTe infrared detectors显示文摘After approximately half a century of development, HgCdTe infrared detectors have become the first choice for high performance infrared detectors, which are widely used in various industry sectors, including military tracking, military reconnaissance, infrared guidance, infrared warning, weather forecasting, and resource detection. Further development in infrared applications requires future HgCdTe infrared detectors to exhibit features such as larger focal plane array format and thus higher imaging resolution. An effective approach to develop HgCdTe infrared detectors with a larger array format size is to develop the small pixel technology. In this article, we present a review on the developmental history and current status of small pixel technology for HgCdTe infrared detectors, as well as the main challenges and potential solutions in developing this technology. It is predicted that the pixel size of long-wave HgCdTe infrared detectors can be reduced to5 μm, while that of mid-wave HgCdTe infrared detectors can be reduced to 3 μm. Although significant progress has been made in this area, the development of small pixel technology for HgCdTe infrared detectors still faces significant challenges such as flip-chip bonding, interconnection, and charge processing capacity of readout circuits. Various approaches have been proposed to address these challenges, including three-dimensional stacking integration and readout circuits based on microelectromechanical systems. | 刘铭 王丛 周立庆 | 2019 | Chinese Physics B2019，28，3： | 10 |
| 16 | Spectral characteristic of infrared radiations of some acupoint and non-acupoint areas in human arm surface显示文摘Using infrared spectrum detective device, we experiment on Neiguan, Laogong and Hegu acupoints of seven adult volunteers as well as contrastive points beside ones. We get 63 infrared spectrums. The experiment outcome tells us that the differences of the intensities among individuals are great, and so are the differences between acupoint and non-acupoint areas. However, the differences of spectral character are small, which indicates that infrared radiations of human body are based on the same biophysical fundament. | DING Guanghong YAO Wei CHU Junhao SHEN Xueyong HUANG Zhiming CHENG Huansheng LIU Hui WANG Shenzhang YANG Jing WEI Hu FEI Lun | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，8： | 9 |
| 17 | 基于可见光红外成像辐射仪数据的地表温度反演显示文摘地表温度是农业旱灾和作物估产模型的重要参数。该文针对可见光红外成像辐射仪(visible infrared imager radiometer suite,VIIRS)传感器缺乏水汽通道的特点,联合Aqua卫星搭载的中分辨率成像光谱仪(moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer,MODIS)数据提出了基于分裂窗算法的VIIRS地表温度反演方法。对地表发射率和大气透过率这2个关键参数的获取进行了详细分析,选取了处于作物生长期的2013年6月4日VIIRS数据进行实例验证分析。结果表明,与全国气象数据比较该文算法在大尺度上能够较好地获取中国地表温度;与MODIS数据温度产品在高温产粮区比较,该文算法与MODIS温度产品精度较一致,两者差值小于1 K。使用MODTRAN(moderate resolution transmission)软件对算法的精度进行了模拟评价验证,分析表明:在一定的水汽和地表发射率条件下,算法反演精度一般保持在1 K内,平均误差为0.431 K,误差标准偏差为0.247 K。能够为农业干旱、作物长势等农情信息监测提供所需的地表温度数据。 | 夏浪 毛克彪 马莹 孙知文 赵芬 | 2014 | 农业工程学报2014，30，8： | 9 |
| 18 | THERMAL INFRARED ANOMALIES UNDER THE NON-TEMPERATURE-INCREMENT BACKGROUND AND THE MECHANISM DISCUSSION显示文摘Only in the range of abnormal area determined can we analyze the relation of the surface temperature variation at a single station with earthquakes. Namely, we must adopt the combined method of the plan and time-temperature curves to study the ground temperatureincrease anomalies. Altogether 15 earthquakes of M>5.0 which occurred in the mainland | 强祖基 徐秀登 赁常恭 | 1991 | Chinese Science Bulletin1991，36，22： | 9 |
| 19 | Evaluation of Cloud Top Height Retrievals from China’s Next-Generation Geostationary Meteorological Satellite FY-4A显示文摘To evaluate the validity of cloud top height (CTH) retrievals from FY-4A, the first of China's next-generation geostationary meteorological satellite series, the retrievals are compared to those from Himawari-8, CloudSat, Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO), and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) operational products from August to October 2017. Regarding CTHs from CloudSat, CALIPSO, and MODIS as truth, the results show that the performance of FY-4A CTH retrievals is similar to that of Himawari-8. Both FY-4A and Himawari-8 retrieve reasonable CTH values for single-layer clouds, but perform poorly for multi-layer clouds. The mean bias error (MBE) shows that the mean value of FY-4A CTH retrievals is smaller than that of Himawari-8 for single-layer clouds but larger for multi-layer clouds. For ice crystal clouds, both FY-4A and Himawari-8 obtain the underestimated CTHs. However, there is a tendency for FY-4A and Himawari-8 to overestimate the CTH values of CloudSat and CALIPSO mainly for low level liquid water clouds. The temperature inversion near the tops of water clouds may result in an overestimation of CTHs. According to the MBE change with altitude, FY-4A and Himawari-8 overestimate the CTHs mainly for clouds below 3 km, and the overestimation is slightly more apparent in Himawari-8 data than that in FY-4A values. As the cloud optical thickness (COT) increases, the CTH bias of FY-4A CTH retrievals gradually decreases. Two typical cases are analyzed to illustrate the differences between different satellites' CTH retrievals in detail. | Zhonghui TAN Shuo MA Xianbin ZHAO Wei YAN Wen LU | 2019 | Journal of Meteorological Research2019，33，3： | 8 |
| 20 | Experimental and numerical study of chaff cloud kinetic performance under impact of high speed airflow显示文摘To solve the kinetic and diffusion problem of surface-type infrared decoy, multi-chaff kinetic models are established and chaff cloud holistic kinetic performance are analyzed under the impact of high speed airflow in this work. Chaffs rotate rapidly during the motion under the impact of high speed airflow. The rotation speed is correlated with lift, position of pressure center and aerodynamic damping. Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) is used to compute the aerodynamic coefficients of chaff. It is found that there exists serious aerodynamic interference which mainly relates to the overlapping area and distance among chaffs during the diffusion of chaff cloud. The chaff wind tunnel test and rocket sled experiment are carried out to verify the credibility of the models in this work. Then, the variation of chaff cloud expectation and extremum are analyzed to achieve the holistic kinetic and diffusing performance of chaff cloud. Simulation results demonstrate that the chaffs diffuse rapidly under the impact of high speed airflow and chaff cloud can be formed rapidly within 0.5 s. The shape of the chaff cloud is similar to cone that forms a certain angle with the horizontal plane and most chaffs focus on the second half. | Hesong HUANG Zhongxiang TONG Shijie CHAI Yu ZHANG | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2018，31，11： | 8 |
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