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| 1 | A review on phospholipids and their main applications in drug delivery systems显示文摘Phospholipids have the characteristics of excellent biocompatibility and a especial amphiphilicity.These unique properties make phospholipids most appropriate to be employed as important pharmaceutical excipients and they have a very wide range of applications in drug delivery systems.The aim of this review is to summarize phospholipids and some of their related applications in drug delivery systems,and highlight the relationship between the properties and applications,and the effect of the species of phospholipids on the efficiency of drug delivery.We refer to some relevant literatures,starting from the structures,main sources and properties of phospholipids to introduce their applications in drug delivery systems.The present article focuses on introducing five types of carriers based on phospholipids,including liposomes,intravenous lipid emulsions,micelles,drug-phospholipids complexes and cochleates. | Jing Li Xuling Wang Ting Zhang Chunling Wang Zhenjun Huang Xiang Luo Yihui Deng | 2015 | Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences2015，10，2： | 23 |
| 2 | Physiological and molecular biochemical mechanisms of bile formation显示文摘This review considers the physiological and molecular biochemical mechanisms of bile formation.The composition of bile and structure of a bile canaliculus,biosynthesis and conjugation of bile acids,bile phospholipids,formation of bile micellar structures,and enterohepatic circulation of bile acids are described.In general,the review focuses on the molecular physiology of the transporting systems of the hepatocyte sinusoidal and apical membranes.Knowledge of physiological and biochemical basis of bile formation has implications for understanding the mechanisms of development of pathological processes,associated with diseases of the liver and biliary tract. | Vasiliy Ivanovich Reshetnyak | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，42： | 6 |
| 3 | Preparation and evaluation of a phospholipid-based injectable gel for the long term delivery of leuprolide acetaterrh显示文摘A phospholipid-based injectable gel was developed for the sustained delivery of leuprolide acetate(LA). The gel system was prepared using biocompatible materials(SPME), including soya phosphatidyl choline(SPC), medium chain triglyceride(MCT) and ethanol. The system displayed a sol state with low viscosity in vitro and underwent in situ gelation in vivo after subcutaneous injection. An in vitro release study was performed using a dialysis setup with different release media containing different percentages of ethanol. The stability of LA in the SPME system was investigated under different temperatures and in the presence of various antioxidants. In vivo studies in male rats were performed to elucidate the pharmacokinetic profiles and pharmacodynamic efficacy. A sustained release of LA for 28 days was observed without obvious initial burst in vivo. The pharmacodynamic study showed that once-amonth injection of LA-loaded SPME(SPME-LA) led to comparable suppression effects on the serum testosterone level as observed in LA solution except for the onset time. These findings demonstrate excellent potential for this novel SPME system as a sustained release delivery system for LA. | Danhong Long Tao Gong Zhirong Zhang Rui Ding Yao Fu | 2016 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2016，6，4： | 6 |
| 4 | Effective Antarctic krill oil extraction using switchable hydrophilicity solvents显示文摘Antarctic krill has been widely studied because of its abundant biomass,rich nutritional value,and great production potential.Notably,krill oil(KO)is rich in phospholipids(PLs),polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs),and astaxanthin.A method based on a green switchable hydrophilicity solvent N,7V-dimethyIcyclohexylamine(DMCHA),which can reversibly change from oil soluble to water soluble in the presence of CO2 was used to extract KO from frozen Antarctic krill as it consumes less energy than traditional methods.We showed that DMCHA destroyed the surface structure of Antarctic krill and accelerated the dissolution of KO.In addition,this method enabled the PL extraction to reach up to 80.2%of total PLs,among which PC accounted for the highest proportion,up to 90.91%in PL.In fact,the astaxanthin extraction reached up to 81.44%of total astaxanthin while the fatty acid(FA)extraction up to 84.35%.The KO extracted through DMCHA was rich in PUFA,up to 47.74%,and the content of EPA+DHA reached 42.16%of total FA content.Furthermore,the amount of residual solvent in the lipid phase was just 0.23%of the DMCHA used for the extraction and the recovery rate of solvent was up to 93.2%.Our results demonstrated the high efficiency of oil extraction and the environmental friendliness of this method. | Weiwei Sun Wencan Hua Bowen Shi Changhu Xue Xiaoming Jiang | 2020 | Marine Life Science & Technology2020，2，1： | 3 |
| 5 | Characteristics of the soil microbial population in forest land irrigated with saline water in the desert area显示文摘The study of soil microbial populations and diversity is an important way to understanding the soil energy process.In this study we analyzed the characteristics of soil microbial populations of the Tarim Desert Highway shelter-forest,by identifying microbial fatty acids and using methods of conventional cul-tivation.The results illustrated that the amount of soil microbial activity and the diversity of soil microbial fatty acid increased significantly with the plantation age of the shelter-forest;the soil microbial population was dominated by bacteria.The fatty acids of C14︰0,C15︰0,C16︰0,C17︰0,C18︰1ω9,C18︰0,C18︰2ω6 and C21︰0 were found to be dominant soil microbial fatty acids in the shelter-forest soil.Prin-cipal analysis and regression analysis showed that(1) concentrations of fatty acids of C14︰0,C16︰0 and C18︰0 could be used as indicators of total soil microbial population;(2) soil bacteria and actinomycetes populations were closely correlated with the amount of fatty acids of C15︰0 and C17︰0;and(3) soil fungi were closely correlated with the amount of fatty acids of C18︰1ω9 and C18︰2ω6. | Jin, ZhengZhong Lei, JiaQiang Xu, XinWen Li, ShengYu Fan, JingLong Zhao, SiFeng | 2010 | Journal of Arid Land2010，2，2： | 2 |
| 6 | Long-Term Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid-Bound Phospholipids and the Combination of Docosahexaenoic Acid-Bound Triglyceride and Egg Yolk Phospholipid on Lipid Metabolism in Mice显示文摘The bioavailability of docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) depends on their chemical forms. This study investigated the long-term effects of DHA-bound triglyceride(TG-DHA), DHA-bound phospholipid(PL-DHA), and the combination of TG-DHA and egg yolk phospholipid(Egg-PL) on lipid metabolism in mice fed with a high-fat diet(fat levels of 22.5%). Male C57BL/6J mice were fed with different formulations containing 0.5% DHA, including TG-DHA, PL-DHA, and the combination of TG-DHA and Egg-PL, for 6 weeks. Serum, hepatic, and cerebral lipid concentrations and the fatty acid compositions of the liver and brain were determined. The concentrations of serum total triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol(TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-c), and hepatic TG in the PL-DHA group and the combination group were significantly lower than those in the high-fat(HF) group(P < 0.05). Atherogenic index(AI) of the PL-DHA group was significantly lower than that of the combination group(P < 0.05). Hepatic TC level in the combination group was significantly lower than that in the HF group(P < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed between the combination group and the PL-DHA group. Both the PL-DHA and the combination groups showed significantly increased DHA levels in the liver compared with the HF group(P < 0.05). However, there were no obvious increases in the cerebral DHA levels in all DHA diet groups. These results suggest that PL-DHA was superior to the combination of TG-DHA and Egg-PL in decreasing the AI. Long-term dietary supplementation with low amount of DHA(0.5%) may improve hepatic DHA levels, although cerebral DHA levels may not be enhanced. | CHE Hongxia CUI Jie WEN Min XU Jie Teruyoshi Yanagita WANG Qi XUE Changhu WANG Yuming | 2018 | Journal of Ocean University of China2018，17，2： | 2 |
| 7 | Soil respiration response to precipitation reduction in a grassland and a Mongolian pine plantation in semi-arid northeast China显示文摘Climate change is predicted to alter global precipitation regimes.However,the response of soil carbon and nitrogen cycles and soil microorganisms to precipitation reduction is poorly understood but is dependent on ecosystem type.To evaluate the impacts of reduced precipitation on soil respiration,soil inorganic nitrogen(i.e.,NH4^+–N and NO3^-–N),nitrogen mineralization,and soil microbial community composition,a precipitation manipulation experiment was initiated in a Mongolian pine plantation and a naturally restored grassland in semi-arid northeast China.Precipitation reduction led to decreases of soil respiration rates by 14 and 8%in 2014 and 2015 in the Mongolian pine plantation but no changes in the grassland.Soil inorganic nitrogen,ammonification and nitrification rate,and soil phospholipids fatty acids were not significantly changed by reduced precipitation but significantly differed between the two ecosystems and among growing seasons.Our results suggest that the impacts of precipitation reduction on soil respiration were different between the Mongolian pine plantation and the grassland,and that ecosystem type and growing season had more pronounced impacts on soil carbon and nitrogen cycles. | Yalin Hu Jintao Li Shanyu Zhao Dehui Zeng | 2019 | Journal of Forestry Research2019，30，5： | 2 |
| 8 | The Global Research Progress of Enzymatic Processing of Oils with Omega 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids显示文摘This paper has reviewed that Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), as an essential fatty acids (EFAs), mainly come from fish oil of marine products, has positive effects on treatment and/or prevention of several diseases. In this review, the recent developments by 2019 in the field of enzymatic modification of oils rich in omega 3 PUFAs have summarized. Several different products, such as structured lipids with a variety of FA compositions, nutritional aspects, omega 3 PUFA concentrates and phospholipids,have discussed from the point of process technology as well as possible applications. Enhancing omega 3 PUFA content in diet involves a number of strategies aiming to modify the content of such FAs in fats and oils. Due to the mild reaction conditions used, especially the lipase specificity, the position as well as content of omega 3 PUFAs in lipid molecules being of importance from the point of bioavailability, enzymatic processing of omega 3 PUFA oil is safe, efficient and preferred over chemical treatments. | Dilay Sen Derya Kahveci | 2020 | 粮油食品科技2020，28，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Local high-density distributions of phospholipids induced by the nucleation and growth of smectic liquid crystals at the interface显示文摘Amphiphilic molecules adsorbed at the interface could control the orientation of liquid crystals(LCs)while LCs in turn could influence the distributions of amphiphilic molecules.The studies on the interactions between liquid crystals and amphiphilic molecules at the interface are important for the development of molecular sensors.In this paper,we demonstrate that the development of smectic LC ordering from isotropic at the LC/water interface could induce local high-density distributions of amphiphilic phospholipids.Mixtures of liquid crystals and phospholipids in chloroform are first emulsified in water.By fluorescently labeling the phospholipids adsorbed at the interface,their distributions are visualized under fluorescent confocal microscope.Interestingly,local high-density distributions of phospholipids showing a high fluorescent intensity are observed on the surface of LC droplets.Investigations on the correlation between phospholipid density,surface tension and smectic LC ordering suggest that when domains of smectic LC layers nucleate and grow from isotropic at the LC/water interface as chloroform slowly evaporates at room temperature,phospholipids transition from liquid-expanded to liquid-condensed phases in response to the smectic ordering,which induces a higher surface tension at the interface.The results will provide an important insight into the interactions between liquid crystals and amphiphilic molecules at the interface. | Chenjing Yang Li Chen Rui Zhang Dong Chen Laura R.Arriaga David A.Weitz | 2022 | Chinese Chemical Letters2022，33，8： | 1 |
| 10 | Lipogenic effects of androgen signaling in normal and malignant prostate显示文摘Prostate cancer is an androgen-dependent cancer with unique metabolic features compared to many other solid tumors,and typically does not exhibit the“Warburg effect”.During malignant transformation,an early metabolic switch diverts the dependence of normal prostate cells on aerobic glycolysis for the synthesis of and secretion of citrate towards a more energetically favorable metabolic phenotype,whereby citrate is actively oxidised for energy and biosynthetic processes(i.e.de novo lipogenesis).It is now clear that lipid metabolism is one of the key androgen-regulated processes in prostate cells and alterations in lipid metabolism are a hallmark of prostate cancer,whereby increased de novo lipogenesis accompanied by overexpression of lipid metabolic genes are characteristic of primary and advanced disease.Despite recent advances in our understanding of altered lipid metabolism in prostate tumorigenesis and cancer progression,the intermediary metabolism of the normal prostate and its relationship to androgen signaling remains poorly understood.In this review,we discuss the fundamental metabolic relationships that are distinctive in normal versus malignant prostate tissues,and the role of androgens in the regulation of lipid metabolism at different stages of prostate tumorigenesis. | Chui Yan Mah Zeyad D.Nassar Johannes V.Swinnen Lisa M.Butler | 2020 | Asian Journal of Urology2020，7，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Significance of bilayer-forming phospholipids for skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial function显示文摘Phosphatidylcholine(PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine(PE), which make up the bulk of mammalian cell membrane phospholipids, are recognized for their importance in metabolic health. Perturbations in the ratio of PC:PE can affect membrane integrity and function, which thus have serious health consequences. Imbalance in the hepatic PC and PE membrane content can be linked to metabolic disturbances such as ER stress, fatty liver and insulin resistance. Given that impaired insulin sensitivity underlies the pathology of many metabolic disorders and skeletal muscle is a significant regulator of energy metabolism, it is likely that aberrant phospholipid metabolism in skeletal muscle affects whole-body insulin sensitivity. Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca^(2+) ATPase(SERCA) activity and mitochondrial function respond to alterations in PC:PE ratio and are associated with glucose homeostasis. Moreover, PC and PE content within the mitochondrial membrane influence mitochondrial respiration and biogenesis and thus, metabolic function. As skeletal muscle phospholipids respond to stimuli such as diet and exercise, understanding the implications of imbalances in PC:PE ratio is of great importance in the face of the rising epidemic of obesity related diseases. This review will summarize the current state of knowledge signifying the links between skeletal muscle PC:PE ratio and insulin sensitivity with respects to PC and PE metabolism, SERCA activity, mitochondrial function and exercise. | Sophie Grapentine Marica Bakovic | 2020 | The Journal of Biomedical Research2020，34，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Antihyperlipidemic effect of Melothria maderaspatana leaf extracts on DOCA-salt induced hypertensive rats显示文摘Objective:To investigate the antihyperlipidemic effect of crude ethanolic extract of Melothria maderaspatana(M.maderaspatana) leaf(CEEM) on deoxycorticosterone acetate(DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats.Methods:A midscapular incision was made on each rat and the left kidney was excised after ligation of the renal artery.The surgical wound was closed using an absorbable suture.After one week recovery period,hypertension was induced by subcutaneous injection of DOCA-salt solution,twice a week,and the rats received a 1%sodium chloride solution as drinking water throughout the experimental period.CEEM or nifedipine was administered orally once a day for 6 weeks.Results:In DOCA-salt hypertensive rats,the level of plasma and tissues of total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),free fatty acids(FFA) and phospholipids (PL) significantly increased and administration of CEEM significantly reduced these parameters towards normality.Further,the levels of low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(VLDL-C) significantly increased while high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased in hypertensive rats and administration of CEEM brought these parameters to normality which proved their antihyperlipidemic action.Histopathology of liver, kidney and heart on DOCA-salt induced rats treated with CEEM showed reduced the damages towards normal histology.Conclusions:These findings provided evidence that CEEM was found to be protecting the liver,kidney and heart against DOCA-salt administration and the protective effect could attribute to its antihyperlipidemic activities. | Chinnadurai Veeramani Khalid S Al-Numair Govindasamy Chandramohan Mohammed A Alsaif Kodukkur Viswanathan Pugalendi | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2012，5，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Strategies to enhance shotgun lipidomics for comprehensive analysis of cellular lipids显示文摘The discipline of lipidomics, as coined in 2003, has made profound advances and been rapidly expanded. Direct infusion-based shotgun lipidomics contributes a major part of the research in this discipline. However, despite of its numerous advantages over other lipidomics platforms, the classical shotgun lipidomics approach suffers ion suppression and has the difficulties to assess low abundance lipid classes, particularly those less ionizable or that do not yield sensitive and specific fragments. To overcome this obstacle and broaden coverage, strategies have been developed based on unique chemistry and/or physics of lipid classes of interest to enhance shotgun lipidomics. This article overviews the recent enhancements of shotgun lipidomics, including prefractionation, acid/base hydrolysis, derivatization, charge feature utilization. We believe that, by this versatile platform, comprehensive coverage of cellular lipidomes would be achieved in more accurate and effective manner. Therefore, application of the enhanced shotgun lipidomics would greatly accelerate lipidomics research to substantiate the aberrant lipid metabolism, signaling, trafficking, and homeostasis under pathological conditions and their underpinning biochemical mechanisms. It would also facilitate precision medicine studies. | Chunyan Wang Xianlin Han | 2017 | Oil Crop Science2017，2，4： | 0 |
| 14 | Impact of plant polyphenols on triacylglycerols and phospholipids in rat liver fed with high fat diet显示文摘The effect of plant (rapeseed and grape seed) polyphenols on lipid metabolism of rat fed with high fat diet was studied. 30 rats were divided into 5 groups including group Z (basal diet), C (high fat diet without plant polyphenol), S (high fat diet with rapeseed polyphenols), R (high fat diet with grape seed polyphenols) and F (combined with rapeseed and grape seed polyphenols). Levels of lipids including TAGs and PLs in rats were investigated by shotgun-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (shotgun-ESI-MS). Results showed that high fat diet would give rise to the total TAGs and decreased total phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS) (p < 0.05) in group C, S, R and F, compared with group Z. Results also showed that supplementary with rapeseed polyphenols or grape seed polyphenols reduced total TAGs and increased total PC, PE and PS (p < 0.05) in group S, R and F, compared with group C. Grape seed polyphenols and rapeseed polyphenols had certain regulatory effect on metabolism diseases such as fatty liver. | Huifang Ma Ya Xie Chen Yang Fang Wei Chao Hu Zongyuan Wu Zong Yang Xin Lyu Xuyan Dong Hong Chen Fenghong Huang | 2017 | Oil Crop Science2017，2，4： | 0 |
| 15 | Isolation and biochemical analysis of vesicles from taurohyodeoxycholic acid-infused isolated perfused rat livers显示文摘AIM:To isolate biliary lipid-carrying vesicles from isolated perfused rat livers after taurohyodeoxycholic acid(THDC)infusion.Biliary lipid vesicles have been implicated in hepatic disease and THDC was used since it increases biliary phospholipid secretion.METHODS:Rat livers were isolated and perfused via the hepatic portal vein with THDC dissolved in Krebs Ringer Bicarbonate solution,pH 7.4,containing 1 mmol/L CaCl2,5 mmol/L glucose,a physiological amino acid mixture,1%bovine serum albumin and 20%(v/v)washed human erythrocytes at a rate of 2000 nmol/min for 2h.The livers were then removed,homogenized and subjected to centrifugation,and the microsomal fraction was obtained and further centrifuged at 350000 g for 90 min to obtain subcellular fractions.These were analyzed for total phospholipid,cholesterol,protein and alkaline phosphodiesterase I(PDE).RESULTS:No significant changes were observed in the total phospholipid,cholesterol and protein contents of the gradient fractions obtained from the microsomal preparation.However,the majority of the gradient fractions(ρ=1.05-1.07 g/mL andρ=1.95-1.23 g/mL)obtained from THDC-infused livers had significantly higher PDE activity compared to the control livers.The low density gradient fraction(ρ=1.05-1.07 g/mL)which was envisaged to contain the putative vesicle population isolated from THDC-perfused livers had relatively small amounts of phospholipids and protein when compared to the relevant control fractions;however,they displayed an increase in cholesterol and PDE activity.The phospholipids were also isolated by thin layer chromatography and subjected to fractionation by high performance liquid chromatography;however,no differences were observed in the pattern of the fatty acid composition of the phospholipids isolated from THDC and control perfused livers.The density gradient fractions(ρ=1.10-1.23 g/mL)displayed an increase in all the parameters measured from both control and THDCinfused livers.CONCLUSION:No significant changes in biliary lipids were observed in the fractions from THDC-infused livers;however,PDE activity was significantly increased compared to the control livers. | Adnan Adil Hismiogullari Sahver Ege Hismiogullari Khalid Rahman | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，37： | 0 |
| 16 | CLN3 clinches lysosomes in clearance of glycerophospholipids显示文摘CLN3 is a lysosomal transmembrane protein and loss of CLN3 is known to cause a juvenile lethal neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder(LSD),called Batten disease.In a recent study published in Nature,Laqtom et al.reported a novel function of CLN3 in the clearance of glycerophospholipid from lysosomes via lysosomal efflux of glycerophosphodiesters(GPDs),not only establishing a deeper mechanistic understanding of Batten disease,but also suggesting both the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of CLN3-GPDs in this type of neurodegenerative LSD. | Guang Lu Han-Ming Shen | 2023 | Life Metabolism2023，2，1： | 0 |
| 17 | Cellular Lipidome Changes during Retinoic Acid(RA)-Induced Differentiation in SH-SY5Y Cells:A Comprehensive In Vitro Model for Assessing Neurotoxicity of Contaminants显示文摘The SH-SY5Y,neuroblastoma cell line,is a common in vitro model used to study physiological neuronal function and the neuronal response to different stimuli,including exposure to toxic chemicals.These cells can be differentiated to neuron-like cells by administration of various reagents,including retinoic acid or phorbol12-myristate-13-acetate.Despite their common use,there is an incomplete understanding of the molecular changes that occur during differentiation.Therefore,there is a critical need to fully understand the molecular changes that occur during differentiation to properly study neurotoxicity in response to various environmental exposures.Previous studies have investigated the proteome and transcriptome during differentiation;however,the regulation of the cellular lipidome in this process is unexplored.In this work,we conducted liquid chromatography−mass spectrometry(LC−MS)-based untargeted lipidomics in undifferentiated and differentiated SH-SY5Y cells,induced by retinoic acid.We show that there are global differences between the cellular lipidomes of undifferentiated and differentiated cells.Out of thousands of features detected in positive and negative electrospray ionization modes,44 species were identified that showed significant differences(p-value≤0.05,fold change≥2)in differentiated cells.Identification of these features combined with targeted lipidomics highlighted the accumulation of phospholipids,sterols,and sphingolipids during differentiation while triacylglycerols were depleted.These results provide important insights into lipid-related changes that occur during cellular differentiation of SH-5YSY cells and emphasize the need for the detailed characterization of biochemical differences that occur during differentiation while using this in vitro model for assessing ecological impacts of environmental pollutants. | Michelle Camdzic Diana S.Aga G.Ekin Atilla-Gokcumen | 2023 | Environment & Health2023，1，2： | 0 |
| 18 | Weight loss increases skeletal muscle mitochondrial energy efficiency in obese mice显示文摘Weight loss from an overweight state is associated with a disproportionate decrease in whole-body energy expenditure that may contribute to the heightened risk for weight regain.Evidence suggests that this energetic mismatch originates from lean tissue.Although this phenomenon is well documented,the mechanisms have remained elusive.We hypothesized that increased mitochondrial energy efficiency in skeletal muscle is associated with reduced expenditure under weight loss.Wildtype(WT)male C57BL6/N mice were fed with high-fat diet for 10 weeks,followed by a subset of mice that were maintained on the obesogenic diet(OB)or switched to standard chow to promote weight loss(WL)for additional 6 weeks.Mitochondrial energy efficiency was evaluated using high-resolution respirometry and fluorometry.Mass spectrometric analyses were employed to describe the mitochondrial proteome and lipidome.Weight loss promoted~50%increase in the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation(ATP produced per O_(2) consumed,or P/O)in skeletal muscle.However,Weight loss did not appear to induce significant changes in mitochondrial proteome,nor any changes in respiratory supercomplex formation.Instead,it accelerated the remodeling of mitochondrial cardiolipin(CL)acyl-chains to increase tetralinoleoyl CL(TLCL)content,a species of lipids thought to be functionally critical for the respiratory enzymes.We further show that lowering TLCL by deleting the CL transacylase tafazzin was sufficient to reduce skeletal muscle P/O and protect mice from diet-induced weight gain.These findings implicate skeletal muscle mitochondrial efficiency as a novel mechanism by which weight loss reduces energy expenditure in obesity. | Patrick J.Ferrara Marisa J.Lang Jordan M.Johnson Shinya Watanabe Kelsey L.McLaughlin John Alan Maschek Anthony R.P.Verkerke Piyarat Siripoksup Amandine Chaix James E.Cox Kelsey H.Fisher-Wellman Katsuhiko Funai | 2023 | Life Metabolism2023，2，2： | 0 |
| 19 | Clinical Oncology Translational Study Phase-1 with Antitumor Phosphorylethanolamine(2-AEH_(2)P)in Dogs with Neoplasms显示文摘The animal has the potential to serve as a clinical model for human disease,due to striking similarities and homologies in diseases.Early clinical development of a new drug may influence its final destination,and a careful and thoughtful approach to Phase-1 clinical trials is essential.Phosphorylethanolamine(2-AEH2P)is a new cytostatic phospholipid agent that,unlike most chemotherapeutic drugs used today,does not target DNA or cytoskeleton,but act on the cell membrane.Studies carried out by our group have shown several effects of 2-AEH2P controlling the progression of the cell cycle,in the alterations of the mitochondrial electrical potential capable of inducing apoptosis and autophagy in several types of human and animal tumor cells.The aim of this study is to establish the recommended safety dose of a 2-AEH2P monophosphoester,in dogs with tumor following the Phase 1 study model proposed by Fibonacci.The Phase-1 study following the Fibonacci model,2-AEH2P was safe at all staggered doses up to 150 mg/Kg for 8 weeks.Intravenous administration in staggered doses according to the Fibonacci model,showed that the drug is safe,no advent of mortality during the study period or acute toxicity were observed.It is not a drug with hemolytic properties or that induces anemia.It does not lead to changes in liver and renal functions and was able to modulate leukocyte production.2-AEH2P is new compound with antitumor potential,being useful for future veterinary and human tumors,as a combination of chemotherapeutic agents. | Olivia Gonçalves de Almeida Leitão da Cunha Lucas Campos de SáRodrigues Daniel da Conceição Rabelo Rosa Andrea Nogueira Laiso Sergio Mestieri Chammas Laertty Garcia de Sousa Cabral Durvanei Augusto Maria | 2021 | Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology2021，9，5： | 0 |
| 20 | Hatching egg polyunsaturated fatty acids and the broiler chick显示文摘Transgenerational effects of certain nutrients such as essential fatty acids are gaining increased attention in the field of human medicine and animal sciences as a new tool to improve health and animal performance during perinatal life.Omega-3(n-3)and omega-6(n-6)fatty acids are denoted by the position of the first double bond from methyl end of the hydrocarbon chain.Alpha-linolenic acid(18:3 n-3)and linoleic acid(18:2 n-6)are essential n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and cannot be synthesized by the vertebrates including chickens.Alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid are the parent fatty acids of long chain(>20–22C)n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)such as eicosapentaenoic acid(20:5 n-3,EPA),docosapentaenoic acid(22:5 n-3/or 22:5 n-6,DPA),docosahexaenoic acid(22:6 n-3,DHA)and arachidonic acid(20:4 n-6).As components of cell membrane phospholipids,PUFA serves as precursors of eicosa-noids,act as ligands for membrane receptors and transcription factors that regulate gene expression and are pivotal for normal chick growth and development.Considering the role of egg lipids as the sole source of essential fatty acids to the hatchling,dietary deficiencies or inadequate in ovo supply may have repercussions in tissue PUFA incorpora-tion,lipid metabolism,chick growth and development during pre and early post-hatch period.This review focus on studies showing how maternal dietary n-3 or n-6 fatty acids can lead to remodeling of long chain n-3 and n-6 PUFA in the hatching egg and progeny chick tissue phospholipid molecular species and its impact on chick growth and PUFA metabolism during early life. | Gita Cherian | 2023 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2023，14，2： | 0 |
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