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| 1 | Review on photocatalytic and electrocatalytic artificial nitrogen fixation for ammonia synthesis at mild conditions: Advances,challenges and perspectives显示文摘The ammonia synthesis from nitrogen and water under ambient conditions is one of the most inviting but challenging reaction routes.Although nitrogen is abundant in the atmosphere and the ammonia synthesis reaction is exothermic on the thermodynamics,the conversion of N2 to ammonia is actually hard to proceed owing to the chemical inertness and stability of N2 molecules.In industry,ammonia synthesis is carried out by the Haber-Bosch process under harsh conditions (300-500 ℃,20-30 MPa) associated with the requirement of substantial energy input and the enormous emission of greenhouse gases (e.g.,CO2).Recently,a growing number of studies on photo(electro)catalytic and electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) in aqueous solution have attracted extensive attention,which holds great promise for nitrogen fixation under room temperature and atmospheric pressure.However,the very low efficiency and ambiguous mechanism still remain as the major hurdles for the development of photochemical and electrochemical NRR systems.Here we provide an overview of the latest progresses,remaining challenges and future prospects in photocatalytic and electrocatalytic nitrogen fixation.Moreover,this review offers a helpful guidance for the reasonable design of photocatalysts and electrocatalysts towards NRR by combining theory predictions and experiment results.We hope this review can stimulate more research interests in the relatively understudied but highly promising research field of NRR. | Xiaolan Xue Renpeng Chen Changzeng Yan Peiyang Zhao Yi Hu Wenjun Zhang Songyuan Yang Zhong Jin | 2019 | Nano Research2019,12,6: | 20 |
| 2 | In-situ incorporation of Copper (Ⅱ) porphyrin functionalized zirconium MOF and TiO2 for efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction显示文摘As one of the highly effective methods to prepare catalysts for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 into valueadded chemicals,using metalloporphyrin as light-harvesting mixed ligand to modify metal-organic framework(MOF)is very valuable since it can greatly improve the prophyrin dispersibility and consequently inhibit its potential agglomeration.Herein,we employed a one-pot synthetic strategy to chemically immobilize Cu(II)tetra(4-carboxylphenyl)porphyrin(CuTCPP)into UiO-66 MOF structure through coordination mode.Meanwhile,in-situ growth of TiO2 nanoparticles onto the MOF is actualized with the generation of CuTCPP c UiO-66/TiO2(CTU/TiO2)composites.Under Xe lamp irradiation(λ>300 nm),the catalytic result presents that an optimal value of 31.32 μmol g^-1 h^-1 CO evolution amount,about 7 times higher than that of pure TiO2 was obtained through the photocatalysis.It is supposed owning to a consistent augment of light absorption derived from chemically implanted porphyrin derivative,which is simultaneously functioning with an efficacious separation of photo-induced carries given by the newly engendered composites between MOF and TiO2,an effective catalytic activity and approving recyclability of CTU/TiO2 can be achieved in the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 into CO. | Lei Wang Pengxia Jin Shuhua Duan Houde She Jingwei Huang Qizhao Wang | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019,64,13: | 16 |
| 3 | Recent progress towards mild-condition ammonia synthesis显示文摘Ammonia is essential for food and energy.Industrial ammonia synthesis via Haber–Bosch process is energy-intensive and releases large amount of CO2.Increasing research efforts are devoted to 'green'ammonia synthesis.The present article reviews the recent progress in the fields of thermocatalytic, electrocatalytic, photocatalytic and chemical looping processes for dinitrogen reduction towards ammonia formation and discusses the challenges borne for mild-condition synthesis. | Qianru Wang Jianping Guo Ping Chen | 2019 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2019,28,9: | 13 |
| 4 | 超薄钯纳米片/非晶氮化碳共面复合结构的控制生长及其可见光驱动下的光催化产氢性能研究(英文)显示文摘目前,能源与环境问题已经成为影响人类可持续发展的主要矛盾.为了实现人类社会的可持续发展,研究者们一直致力于开发新的储能技术.半导体光催化制氢凭借其清洁、可持续、环境友好的优势成为研究热点.传统的光催化制氢体系以贵金属为助催化剂,宽带隙半导体为光催化剂,这种光催化系统的太阳能转换效率难以满足实际需求.在本文中,我们合成出一种具有较大接触界面和较短的电子传递路径的共面型超薄钯纳米片/非晶氮化碳复合结构.在室温25℃条件下,该结构平均氢气生成速率为1.45 mmol mg^(-1)h^(-1),是钯纳米颗粒-无定形碳化氮粒面型结构的2.6倍.同时,该共面型光催化剂具有优良的产氢稳定性.该催化剂既充分利用了钯纳米片表面高密度的活性位点,又利用了无定型氮化碳宽的光谱响应.本工作为可见光驱动的高效助催化剂和光催化剂界面设计提供了一种新的策略. | 唐永华 周鹏 晁玉广 林斐 赖建平 李红星 郭少军 | 2019 | Science China Materials2019,62,3: | 11 |
| 5 | Recent progress for hydrogen production by photocatalytic natural or simulated seawater splitting显示文摘Solar energy is an inexhaustible renewable energy source.Among the various methods for solar energy conversion,photocatalytic hydrogen(H2)production is considered as one of the most promising ways.Since Fujishima pioneered this field in 1972,photocatalytic water splitting to produce H2 has received widespread attention.Up to now,abundant semiconductor materials have been explored as photocatalysts for pure water splitting to produce H2.However,photocatalytic seawater splitting is more in line with the concept of sustainable development,which can greatly alleviate the problem of limited freshwater resource.At present,only few studies have focused on the process of H2 production by photocatalytic seawater splitting due to the complex composition of seawater and lack of suitable photocatalysts.In this review,we outline the most recent advances in photocatalytic seawater splitting.In particular,we introduce the H2 production photocatalysts,underlying mechanism of ions in seawater on photocatalytic seawater splitting,current challenges and future potential advances for this exciting field. | Jining Zhang Wenping Hu Shuang Cao Lingyu Piao | 2020 | Nano Research2020,13,9: | 10 |
| 6 | Facile synthesis of Zn(Ⅱ)-doped g-C3N4 and their enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation显示文摘Zn(Ⅱ)-doped graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3N4)with high photodegradation activity was prepared by one facile step.The morphology and structure of the prepared Zn(Ⅱ)-doped g-C3N4 were investigated,and the results showed that Zn(Ⅱ)could self-disperse during the pyrolysis process and Zn–N bond was formed between g-C3N4 and Zn.The dope of Zn(Ⅱ)influenced the structure of g-C3N4.The performance of photocatalytic activity of Zn(Ⅱ)-doped g-C3 N4 series indicated that the doped g-C3N4 with a small quantity of Zn(0.10 wt%)exhibits the best photocatalytic performance.The photodegradation activity for methyl orange was 2 times higher than that of pure g-C3N4.However,the photocatalytic activity decreased with the further increased content of Zn,which may be attributed to the structure change of g-C3N4 and the interaction of Zn–N bond between Zn and g-C3N4.Moreover,Zn(Ⅱ)-doped g-C3N4 showed good recycling photocatalytic stability. | Zhao-Tian Wang Jun-Li Xu Hui Zhou Xia Zhang | 2019 | Rare Metals2019,38,5: | 10 |
| 7 | Bottom-up fabrication of graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets modified with porphyrin via covalent bonding for photocatalytic H2 evolution显示文摘In order to broaden the absorption range of graphitic carbon nitride,one of the common methods is to couple the well-known photosensitizer porphyrin with graphitic carbon nitride through van der Waals weak in teractions.To date,to combine porphyrin with graphitic carbon nitridethrough covalent in teractions has not been settled.In this work,through rational molecular design,we successfully in corporated porphyrininto the matrixes of graphitic carbon nitride by covale nt bonding via on expot thermal copolymerization.The resulta nt material not only can wide nthe absorption range but also possess the enlarged specific surface area and construction intramolecular heterojunctions which can contributeto improve electron-holes separation efficiency.The resultant photocatalyst exhibited enhanced H2 production rate(7.6 mmol·g^-1·h^-1)and withthe apparent quantum efficiency(AQE)of 13.3%at 450 nm.At the same time,this method opens a way to fabricate graphitic carb on nitridenano sheets via bottom-up strategy. | Shufang Tian Sudi Chen Xitong Ren Ronghui Cao Haiyan Hu Feng Bai | 2019 | Nano Research2019,12,12: | 8 |
| 8 | CeO2 nanoscale particles:Synthesis,characterization and photocatalytic activity under UVA light irradiation显示文摘CeO_2 nanoparticles(NPs) were synthesized in alkaline medium via the homogeneous precipitation method and were subsequently calcined at 80 ℃/24 h(assigned as CeO_2-80) and 500 ℃/2 h(assigned as CeO_2-500). The as-prepared materials and the commercial ceria(assigned as CeO_2-com) were characterized using TGA-MS, XRD, SEM-EDX, UV-vis DRS and IEP techniques. The photocatalytic performances of all obtained photocatalysts were assessed by the degradation of Congo red azo-dye(CR) under UVAlight irradiation at various environmental key factors(e.g., reaction time and calcination temperature).Results reveal that CeO_2 compounds crystalize with cubic phase, CeO_2-500 exhibits smaller crystallite size(9 nm vs 117 nm) than that of bare CeO_2-com. SEM analysis shows that the materials are sphericallike in shape NPs with strong assembly of CeO_2 NPs observed in the CeO_2-500 NPs. EDX analysis confirms the stoichiometry of CeO_2 NPs. UV-vis DRS measurement reveals that, CeO_2-500 NPs exhibits a red-shift of absorption band and a more narrow bandgap(2.6 eV vs 3.20 eV) than that of bare CeO_2-com. On the contrary, Urbach energy of Eu is found to be increased from 0.12 eV(CeO_2-com) to 0.17 eV(CeO_2-500),highlighting an increase of crystalline size and internal microstrain in the CeO_2-500 NPs sample. Zeta potential(IEP) of CeO_2-500 NPs is found to be 7.2. UVA-light-responsive photocatalytic activity is observed with CeO_2-500 NPs at a rate constant of 10×10^(-3) min^(-1), which is four times higher than that of CeO_2-com(K_(app)=2.4×10^(-3) min^(-1)) for the degradation of CR. Pseudo-first-order kinetic model gives the best fit. On the basis of the energy band diagram positions, the enhanced photocatalytic performance of CeO_2-500 nano-catalyst can be ascribed to O_2^-, 'OH and R'^+ as the primary oxidative species involved in the degradation of RC under UVA-light irradiation. | Laouedj Nadjia Elaziouti Abdelkader Benhadria Naceur Bekka Ahmed | 2018 | Journal of Rare Earths2018,36,6: | 8 |
| 9 | Three-dimensional Porous Networks of Ultra-long Electrospun SnO_2 Nanotubes with High Photocatalytic Performance显示文摘Recent progress in nanoscience and nanotechnology creates new opportunities in the design of novel SnO2 nanomaterials for photocatalysis and photoelectrochemical. Herein, we firstly highlight a facile method to prepare threedimensional porous networks of ultra-long SnO2 nanotubes through the single capillary electrospinning technique.Compared with the traditional SnO2 nanofibers, the as-obtained three-dimensional porous networks show enhancement of photocurrent and photocatalytic activity, which could be ascribed to its improved light-harvesting efficiency and high separation efficiency of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. Besides, the synthesis route delivered three-dimensional sheets on the basis of interwoven nanofibrous networks, which can be readily recycled for the desirable circular application of a potent photocatalyst system. | Peng Zhang Lijie Wang Xi Zhang Junhua Hu Guosheng Shao | 2015 | Nano-Micro Letters2015,7,1: | 8 |
| 10 | Two-dimensional ultrathin MoS2-modified black Ti^3+-TiO2 nanotubes for enhanced photocatalytic water splitting hydrogen production显示文摘Two-dimensional (2D) ultrathin MoS2-modified black Ti^3+-TiO2 nanotubes were fabricated using an electrospinning-hydrothermal treatment-reduction method.Bare TiO2 nanotubes were fabricated via electrospinning.Then,2D MoS2 lamellae were grown on the surface of the nanotubes and Ti^3+/Ov ions were introduced by reduction.The photocatalytic performance of the 2D MoS2/Ti^3+-TiO2 nanotubes was^15 times better than that of TiO2.The HER enhancement of the MoS2/Ti^3+-TiO2 nanotubes can be attributed to the Pt-like behavior of 2D MoS2 and the presence of Ti^3+-ions,which facilitated the quick diffusion of the photogenerated electrons to water,reducing the H2 activation barrier.The presence of Ov ions in the nanotubes and their hollow structure increased their solar utilization. | Wei Ou Jiaqi Pan Yanyan Liu Shi Li Hongli Li Weijie Zhao Jingjing Wang Changsheng Song Yingying Zheng Chaorong Li | 2020 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2020,29,4: | 7 |
| 11 | Grain Size and Photocatalytic Activity of Nanometer TiO_2 Thin Films Prepared by the Sol-gel Method显示文摘Transparent anatase TiO2 nanometer thin films with photocatalytic activity were prepared via the sol-gel method on soda-lime glass. The thickness , crystalline phase, grain size, surface hydroxyl amount and so on were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) , X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy ( TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-visible spectrophotometer ( UV-VIS). The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 thin films was evaluated for the photocatalytic decolorization of aqueous methyl orange . The effects of film thickness on the crystalline phase, grain size, transmittance and photocatalytic activity of nanometer Ti02 thin films were discussed. | 余家国 | 2001 | Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)2001,16,2: | 7 |
| 12 | Sepiolite/Cu_2O/Cu photocatalyst: Preparation and high performance for degradation of organic dye显示文摘A novel ternary sepiolite/Cu_2O/Cu(SCC) nanocomposite was successfully synthesized by a facile one-pot method. The Cu_2O/Cu nanoparticles in the SCC nanocomposite are well dispersed on the sepiolite surface. It exhibited enhanced photocatalytic performance in the degradation of congo red(CR), remarkably superior to that of Cu_2O or Cu_2O/Cu nanoparticles. Elemental copper in the SCC serves as a good electron acceptor to promote the transfer of photo-generated electrons in Cu_2O and suppress the recombination of the photo-generated electrons and holes of the composite. The enhanced photocatalytic efficiency is attributed to the synergistic effect of sepiolite and Cu_2O/Cu. This type of SCC nanocomposites is a promising candidate as photocatalytic material for environmental protection. | Peisan Wang Chunxia Qi Luyuan Hao Pengchao Wen Xin Xu | 2019 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2019,35,3: | 7 |
| 13 | Fabrication of highly efficient heterostructured Ag-CeO2/g-C3N4 hybrid photocatalyst with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity显示文摘On the basis of hydrothermal synthesis of Ag-CeO2 microspheres,Ag-CeO2/g-C3N4 composite photocatalyst with heterostructure was prepared by simple solvent evaporation of Ag-CeO2 and g-C3N4.To characterize the composition,structure,morphology and light absorption properties of the as-prepared Ag-CeO2/g-C3N4 composites,XRD,FTIR XPS,SEM,TEM,PL,BET and UV-vis DRS were used,respectively.The as-prepared photocatalyst was subjected to photocatalytic degradation of pollutants,and the prepared composite material has excellent photocatalytic activity for photodegradation of methylene blue(MB).The research shows that the photocatalytic properties of Ag-CeO2/g-C3N4 composites were related to the mass ratio of Ag-CeO2 microspheres and g-C3N4 nanosheets.When the ratio of Ag-CeO2 microspheres:g-C3N4 is 1:5,the composites have the highest photocatalytic activity,which was 9.6 and 3.3 times that of single Ag-CeO2 and g-C3N4,respectively.The improvement of photocatalytic activity is attributed to the heterostructure between the composite materials and the addition of noble metal silver,and the degradation of methylene blue by the visible light irradiation material is greatly improved.Finally,an attempt was made to analyze the principle of photocatalytic degradation of pollutants in prepared materials. | Chengbao Liu Dongxing Mao Jian Pan Junchao Qian Wenya Zhang Feng Chen Zhigang Chen Yenan Song | 2019 | Journal of Rare Earths2019,37,12: | 7 |
| 14 | Ce and Er Co-doped TiO2 for rapid bacteria- killing using visible light显示文摘Bacterial infection and related diseases are threatening the health of human beings.Photocatalytic disinfection as a simple and low-cost disinfection strategy is attracting more and more attention.In this work,TiO2 nanoparticles(NPs)were modified by co-doping of Ce and Er using the sol-gel method,which endowed TiO2 NPs with enhanced visible light photocatalytic performance but not pure ultraviolet photocatalytic properties compared the untreated TiO2.Our results disclosed that as the doping content of Er increased,the photocatalytic activity of modified TiO2 NPs initially increased and subsequently decreased.The same trend occurred for Ce doping.When the doping dose of Er and Ce is 0.5 mol%and 0.2 mol%,the 0.5Ce0.2Ti-O calcined at 800℃ presented the best antibacterial properties,with the antibacterial efficiency of 91.23%and 92.8%for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli,respectively.The existence of Er ions is thought to successfully turn the near-infrared radiation into visible region,which is easier to be absorbed by TiO2 NPs.Meanwhile,the addition of Ce ions can effectively extend spectral response range and inhibit the recombination of electrons and holes,enhancing the photocatalytic disinfection activity of co-doped TiO2. | Yawei Ren Yajing Han Zhaoyang Li Xiangmei Liu Shengli Zhu Yanqin Liang Kelvin Wai Kwok Yeung Shuilin Wu | 2020 | Bioactive Materials2020,5,2: | 7 |
| 15 | Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework 8-Derived Au@ZnO for Efficient and Robust Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline显示文摘Summary of main observation and conclusion Tetracycline (TC) and other antibiotics accumulated in groundwater and soil pollute ecological environment and threaten human health. Gold nan oparticles doped on photocatalysts are able to enhance the photodegradation efficiency during removing these antibiotics, but preparation of Au nanoparticles of well-dispersion on photocatalysts remains challenging. In this work, zeolite imidazolate (ZIF-8) was employed as the precursor to prepare Au@ZnO photocatalyst via impregnation and in-situ reduction method to efficiently degrade the tetracycline in the aqueous solution. Au nanoparticles are of 10 nm in size and uniformly dispersed on the surfaces of ZnO microstructures. The as-prepared Au@ZnO is able to remove 85.5% of TC of 0.010 mg/mL within 2h, presenting higher photocatalytic activity than pure ZnO catalyst. Most importantly, the catalyst shows its superior stability after five cycles without structure and activity changing. The mechanism of the photocatalytic degradation was discussed in detail. | Bijun Gao Jin Zhou Hongliang Wang Guping Zhang Jinghui He Qingfeng Xu Najun Li Dongyun Chen Hua Li Jianmei Lu | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry2019,37,2: | 6 |
| 16 | Synthesis of fluorescent carbon quantum dots from aqua mesophase pitch and their photocatalytic degradation activity of organic dyes显示文摘A synthesis strategy of fluorescent carbon quantum dots(CQDs) with high quantum yield(QY) using aqua mesophase pitch(AMP) as the carbon source has been developed via the hydrothermal method in this study. The hydrothermal temperature and soaking time have important effects on the morphology and QY of CQDs. As-prepared CQDs at 120℃ holding for 24 h(CQDs-120-24) have the uniform size of about 2.8 nm, and the QY can reach 27.6%. The obtained CQDs are successfully modified with ammonia and thionyl chloride, respectively, and they exhibit an excellent photocatalytic performance on degrading rhodamine B(Rh B), methyl blue(MB) and indigo carmine(IC). Importantly, the degradation percentage of N-CQDs on Rh B under natural light for 4 h reaches 97% with the degradation rate constant of 0.02463 min^(-1) and it can maintain 93% after repetitively used 5 times. The results indicate that these as-prepared CQDs have the potential application in degrading organic dyes. | Youliang Cheng Mengsha Bai Jian Su Changqing Fang Hang Li Jing Chen Jieming Jiao | 2019 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2019,35,8: | 6 |
| 17 | Preparation and visible photocatalytic dye degradation of Mn-TiO2/sepiolite photocatalysts显示文摘The performance of Mn-TiO2/sepiolite photocatalysts prepared by the solgel method and calcinated at different temperatures was studied in the photocatalytic degradation of direct fast emerald green dye under visible light irradiation,and a series of analytical techniques such as XRD,SEM,FTIR,TG-DSC,XPS,UV-vis-DRS and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the morphology,structure and optical properties of the photocatalysts.It is found that the anatase TiO2 was formed in all photocatalysts.Mn4+might incorporate into the lattice structure of TiO2 and partially replace Ti4+,thus causing the defects in the crystal structure and the broadening of the spectral response range of TiO2.At the same time,TiO2 particles were dispersed on the surface of the sepiolite,which immobilized TiO2 particles with sepiolite via the bond of Ti-O-Si.Mn-TiO2/sepiolite calcined at 400°C exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity and the degradation rate of direct fast emerald green is up to 98.13%.Meanwhile,it also shows good stability and universality. | Pengfei Zhu Zhihao Ren Ruoxu Wang Ming Duan Lisi Xie Jing Xu Yujing Tian | 2020 | Frontiers of Materials Science2020,14,1: | 6 |
| 18 | Photocatalytic Oxidative Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene on TiO2 Modified Bimodal Mesoporous Silica显示文摘By using the bimodal mesoporous silica(BMMS) as the carrier and butyl titanate as the titanium source, the TiO_2/BMMS catalyst was prepared. The samples were characterized by XRD, XRF, N_2 adsorption and desorption, FTIR, UVvis,SEM, EDS, and TEM techniques. The test results showed that TiO_2 was amorphous, the TiO_2/BMMS catalyst had an ordered bimodal mesoporous structure, and the chemical interaction existed between BMMS and TiO_2. Since the TiO_2/BMMS had a lower band gap, its photocatalytic activity was better than TiO_2. Under UV irradiation a one-pot PODS system was set up, using TiO_2/BMMS as the catalyst, H_2O_2 as the oxidant, and methanol as the solvent. The TiO_2/BMMS catalyst showed better photocatalytic activity than the mono-modal mesoporous TiO_2/SBA-15 catalyst, and the desulfurization rate of dibenzothiophene(DBT) over TiO_2/BMMS catalyst could reach 99._2%. The TiO_2/BMMS catalyst also had so good stability that the desulfurization rate of DBT did not drop apparently after 8 cycles of reusing, and could still be close to 90%. | Xu Meizhen Yang Lina Li Jian | 2017 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2017,19,3: | 6 |
| 19 | Ordered mesoporous tungsten oxide and titanium oxide composites and their photocatalytic degradation behavior | Xiaoxia Yan Xu Zong Gao Qing Lu Lianzhou Wang | 2012 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2012,22,6: | 6 |
| 20 | Nano-Cu2O-loaded Paper: Green Preparation and High Visible Light Photocatalytic Performance for Formaldehyde Removal显示文摘The removal of formaldehyde (HCHO) from indoor air is of great importance to reduce health risks and improve indoor air quality. In this study, nano-Cu2O-loaded paper with superior photocatalytic activity under visible light for the removal of HCHO was fabricated through a green, simple, and fast in situ synthesis method. The optimum preparation conditions for nano-Cu2O-loaded paper were as follows: 2 g (oven-dry basis) cellulose fibers, CuSO4 dosage 8 g, NaOH dosage 1.6 g, temperature 80℃, 60 min for Cu2+ absorption, and 60 min for reaction. Under the optimum conditions, the Cu2O deposition ratio approached 30% and the nano-Cu2O-loaded paper exhibited a catalytic efficiency of approximately 97% for HCHO removal. The photocatalytic capacity of nano-Cu2O-loaded paper for HCHO removal had a positive correlation with the deposition ratio of nano Cu2O particles. Excellent antibacterial property of nano- Cu2O-loaded paper against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was also confirmed. Moreover, nano-Cu2O-loaded paper was proven to be hydrophobic. | Lijian Sun Xin Xin Xianhui An Xueren Qian | 2019 | Paper And Biomaterials2019,4,3: | 6 |