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| 1 | On the treatment of solid boundary in smoothed particle hydrodynamics显示文摘As a popular meshfree particle method,the smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH) has suffered from not being able to di-rectly implement the solid boundary conditions.This influences the SPH approximation accuracy and hinders its further de-velopment and application to engineering and scientific problems.In this paper,a coupled dynamic solid boundary treatment(SBT) algorithm has been proposed,after investigating the features of existing SPH SBT algorithms.The novelty of the cou-pled dynamic SBT algorithm includes a new repulsive force between approaching fluid and solid particles,and a new numeri-cal approximation scheme for estimating field functions of virtual solid particles.The new SBT algorithm has been examined with three numerical examples including a typical dam-break flow,a dam-break flow with a sharp-edged obstacle,and a water entry problem.It is demonstrated that SPH with this coupled dynamic boundary algorithm can lead to accurate results with smooth pressure field,and that the new SBT algorithm is also suitable for complex and even moving solid boundaries. | LIU MouBin SHAO JiaRu CHANG JianZhong | 2012 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2012，55，1： | 29 |
| 2 | Upper mantle anisotropy of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis and surrounding regions from shear wave splitting analysis显示文摘Polarization analysis of teleseismic data has been used to determine the XKS(SKS,SKKS,and PKS)fast polarization directions and delay times between fast and slow shear waves for 59 seismic stations of both temporary and permanent broadband seismograph networks deployed in the eastern Himalayan syntaxis(EHS)and surrounding regions.The analysis employed both the grid searching method of the minimum tangential energy and stacking analysis methods to develop an image of upper mantle anisotropy in the EHS and surrounding regions using the newly obtained shear wave splitting parameters and previously published results.The fast polarization directions are oriented along a NE-SW azimuth in the EHS.However,within the surrounding regions,the fast directions show a clockwise rotation pattern around the EHS from NE-SW,to E-W,to NW-SE,and then to N-S.In the EHS and surrounding regions,the fast directions of seismic anisotropy determined using shear wave splitting analysis correlate with surficial geological features including major sutures and faults and with the surface deformation fields derived from global positioning system(GPS)data.The coincidence between structural features in the crust,surface deformation fields and mantle anisotropy suggests that the deformation in the crust and lithospheric mantle is mechanically coupled.In the EHS,the coherence between the fast directions and the NE direction of the subduction of the Indian Plate beneath the Tibetan Plateau suggests that the lithospheric deformation is caused mainly by subduction.In the regions surrounding the EHS,we speculate that a westward retreat of the Burma slab could contribute to the curved anisotropy pattern.The Tibetan Plateau is acted upon by a NE-trending force due to the subduction of the Indian Plate,and also affected by a westward drag force due to the westward retreat produced by the eastward subduction of the Burma slab.The two forces contribute to a curved lithospheric deformation that results in the alignment of the upper mantle peridotite lattice parallel to the deformation direction,and thus generates a curved pattern of fast directions around the EHS. | CHANG LiJun WANG ChunYong DING ZhiFeng YOU HuiChuan LOU Hai SHAO CuiRu | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，10： | 16 |
| 3 | Occurrence of sulfonamide antibiotics in sewage treatment plants显示文摘The occurrence of sulfonamide antibiotics(SAs) was investigated in the six sewage treatment plants(STPs) of Beijing,China.Of the 13 objective antibiotics,sulfamethoxazole,sulfapyridine,sulfamerazine,sulfadiazine and sulfamethizol were detected in the influents with the average concentrations of 1.2 ± 0.45,0.29 ± 0.25,0.048 ± 0.012,0.35 ± 0.52 and 0.33 ± 0.21 μg·L-1,respectively,and those in the effluents were 1.4 ± 0.74,0.22 ± 0.19,0.021 ± 0.008,0.22 ± 0.21and 0.01± 0 μg·L-1,respectively.Sulfamethoxazole was the predominant compound detected,and was found in all wastewater samples with the other two compounds sulfapyridine and sulfamerazine.It should be noted that sulfadiazine was first reported in wastewaters,and the concentration levels of all detected compounds except for sulfamethizol(detected once in the effluent samples) in the influents were observed to be similar to those in the effluents.From the data in this study,it can be found that sulfamethoxazole,sulfapyridine,sulfamerazine and sulfadiazine could be partly removed in anoxic and aerobic treatment unit and vice versa in anaerobic process,which led to their low or even negative removal rates in the effluents.The increase on the concentrations of sulfamethoxazole and sulfapyridine in the effluents was found probably due to the biotransformation of their acetylated forms in anaerobic treatment unit.In addition,it was observed that the biodegradation of sulfamethoxazole and sulfapyridine could partly occur during the anoxic and aerobic process,while sulfamerazine was partly eliminated in the anaerobic and anoxic units. | CHANG Hong HU JianYing WANG LeZheng SHAO Bing | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，4： | 15 |
| 4 | Changing Proportions of HIV-1 Subtypes and Transmitted Drug Resistance Among Newly Diagnosed HIV/AIDS Individuals—China,2015 and 2018显示文摘Introduction:With the expansion of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)antiretroviral therapy(ART),HIV drug resistance is becoming more and more serious.This study describes the changing prevalence of HIV-1 subtypes and transmitted drug resistance(TDR)among newly diagnosed individuals in China,2015 and 2018.Methods:A total of 8,980 individuals in 2015 and 2018 from 31 provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)were enrolled in this study.Viral RNAs were amplified and sequenced using an in-house polymerase chain reaction(PCR)protocol.The Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database(HIVdb)was used to predict susceptibility to 12 antiretroviral drugs.Results:The prevalence of TDR was not significantly increased over time.The prevalence of TDR was 3.8%and 4.4%in 2015 and 2018,respectively(P=0.13).The prevalence of CRF55_01B increased from 2.3%in 2015 to 3.9%in 2018(P<0.001).The drug resistance prevalence of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NNRTI)increased from 2.4%in 2015 to 3.3%in 2018(P<0.01).The prevalence of E138(P<0.001),H221(P=0.03),and V179(P<0.001)mutations increased from 0.30%,0.09%,and 0.70%in 2015 to 1.10%,0.30%,and 1.70%in 2018,respectively.Conclusions:HIV drug resistance affects the effect of antiretroviral treatment,so the monitoring of HIV TDR should be strengthened to control the transmission of HIV drug resistance. | Jingjing Hao Shan Zheng Mengze Gan Aobo Dong Ruihua Kang Miaomiao Li Shuai Zhao Jing Hu Chang Song Lingjie Liao Yi Feng Yiming Shao Yuhua Ruan Hui Xing | 2021 | China CDC weekly2021，3，53： | 13 |
| 5 | Activation of mTORC1 in subchondral bone preosteoblasts promotes osteoarthritis by stimulating bone sclerosis and secretion of CXCL12显示文摘Increasing evidences show that aberrant subchondral bone remodeling plays an important role in the development of osteoarthritis(OA).However,how subchondral bone formation is activated and the mechanism by which increased subchondral bone turnover promotes cartilage degeneration during OA remains unclear.Here,we show that the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1)pathway is activated in subchondral bone preosteoblasts(Osterix+)from OA patients and mice.Constitutive activation of mTORC1 in preosteoblasts by deletion of the mTORC1 upstream inhibitor,tuberous sclerosis 1,induced aberrant subchondral bone formation,and sclerosis with little-to-no effects on articular cartilage integrity,but accelerated posttraumatic OA development in mice.In contrast,inhibition of mTORC1 in preosteoblasts by disruption of Raptor(mTORC1-specific component)reduced subchondral bone formation and cartilage degeneration,and attenuated post-traumatic OA in mice.Mechanistically,mTORC1 activation promoted preosteoblast expansion and Cxcl12 secretion,which induced subchondral bone remodeling and cartilage degeneration during OA.A Cxcl12-neutralizing antibody reduced cartilage degeneration and alleviated OA in mice.Altogether,these findings demonstrate that mTORC1 activation in subchondral preosteoblasts is not sufficient to induce OA,but can induce aberrant subchondral bone formation and secrete of Cxcl12 to accelerate disease progression following surgical destabilization of the joint.Pharmaceutical inhibition of the pathway presents a promising therapeutic approach for OA treatment. | Chuangxin Lin Liangliang Liu Chun Zeng Zhong-Kai Cui Yuhui Chen Pinling Lai Hong Wang Yan Shao Haiyan Zhang Rongkai Zhang Chang Zhao Hang Fang Daozhang Cai Xiaochun Bai | 2019 | Bone Research2019，7，1： | 12 |
| 6 | Chloroplast phylogeography of a temperate tree Pteroceltis tatarinowii (Ulmaceae) in China显示文摘提炼 Pteroceltis tatarinowii 格言。(Ulmaceae ) ,在大陆中国的最普遍的适度的华盖树之一,是类 Pteroceltis 的唯一的代表。照亮 biogeographic 和这适度的树种的人口统计的历史,我们执行了叶绿体 DNA 顺序变化(trnS-trnG 和 psbA-trnH ) 的调查在以内并且在代表大多数种类的分布范围的 28 张人口(总共的 284 个个人) 之中。基于识别的 13 haplotypes 的一个总数, P。tatarinowii 被发现到 haplotype 和核苷酸差异令人惊讶地高级的港口(hT= 0.71;T= 2. | Xiao-Hong LI Jian-Wen SHAO Chang LU Xiao-Ping ZHANG Ying-Xiong QIU | 2012 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2012，50，4： | 11 |
| 7 | The effects of autophagy on vascular endothelial cells induced by airborne PM2.5显示文摘The purpose of this study was to examine the direct toxicity of PM2.5 collected from Beijing on human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC). A Cell Counting Kit 8(CCK8) assay demonstrated that PM2.5 exposure decreased the proliferation of HUVECs in a dosedependent manner. We also found that PM2.5 exposure induced autophagy in HUVECs, as evidenced by:(1) an increased number of double-membrane vesicles;(2) enhanced conversion and punctuation of the microtubule-associated protein light chain 3(LC3); and(3) decreased levels of the selective autophagy substrate p62 in a time-dependent manner.Furthermore, promoting autophagy in PM2.5-exposed HUVECs with rapamycin increased the cell survival rate, whereas inhibiting autophagy via 3-methyladenine significantly decreased cell survival. These results demonstrate that PM2.5 exposure can induce cytotoxicity and autophagy in HUVECs and that autophagy play a protective role against PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity. The findings of the present study imply a direct toxic effect of PM2.5 on HUVECs and provide novel insight into the mechanism of cardiovascular diseases caused by PM2.5 exposure. | Zhixiang Zhou Tong Shao Mengnan Qin Xiaoyan Miao Yu Chang Wang Sheng Fengshang Wu Yunjiang Yu | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，4： | 11 |
| 8 | Analysis of Allergens in 5473 Patients with Allergic Diseases in Harbin, China显示文摘Objective To analyze the allergic status to common inhalant allergens and food allergens in clinical patients in Harbin in northeastern China and provide evidence to develop the prevention strategy of allergic disease. Methods The data were collected from 5473 patients with clinical suspected allergic diseases seeking medical care in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University. Among these patients, 2530(46.2%) were males aged 0-86 years, the youngest was only 1 month old and 2579(47.1%) were young children and teenagers. The serum specific Immunoglobulin E(sIgE) to 14 kinds of common allergens and serum total IgE were detected by using AllergyScreen test(Mediwiss Analytic GmbH, Moers, Germany). Results In 5473 subjects the positive rate of sIgE was 33.1%(n=1813). Cow milk(6.9%) and wheat(3.1%) were the most common food allergens, followed by house dust mite mix(12.5%) and mould mix(9.4%) and the age and gender specific differences in the positive rate were significant. For the children aged <7 years the positive rates to cow milk, beef-mutton, and egg white/egg yolk were high, but the positive rates to house dust mite mix, ragweed estragon, and mould mix were low(P<0.05). For the adults the positive rates to aeroallergens were high while the rates to food allergens were low. Conclusion The results from this study showed that the food allergens in Harbin had geographic characteristics, which support the viewpoint that the environment factors play an important role in the incidence of allergic diseases. Also, the detection of sIgE and total IgE are essential to identify relevant allergens for the purpose of early diagnosis, management and prevention of allergic disease. | CHANG Man Li SHAO Bing LIU Yan Hong LI Lu Lu PEI Li Chun WANG Bin You | 2013 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2013，26，11： | 11 |
| 9 | Parameters inversion of high central core rockfill dams based on a novel genetic algorithm显示文摘Parameters identification of rockfill materials is a crucial issue for high rockfill dams. Because of the scale effect, random sampling and sample disturbance, it is difficult to obtain the actual mechanical properties of rockfill from laboratory tests. Parameters inversion based on in situ monitoring data has been proven to be an efficient method for identifying the exact parameters of the rockfill. In this paper, we propose a modified genetic algorithm to solve the high-dimension multimodal and nonlinear optimal parameters inversion problem. A novel crossover operator based on the sum of differences in gene fragments(So DX) is proposed, inspired by the cloning of superior genes in genetic engineering. The crossover points are selected according to the difference in the gene fragments, defining the adaptive length. The crossover operator increases the speed and accuracy of algorithm convergence by reducing the inbreeding and enhancing the global search capability of the genetic algorithm. This algorithm is compared with two existing crossover operators. The modified genetic algorithm is then used in combination with radial basis function neural networks(RBFNN) to perform the parameters back analysis of a high central earth core rockfill dam. The settlements simulated using the identified parameters show good agreement with the monitoring data, illustrating that the back analysis is reasonable and accurate. The proposed genetic algorithm has considerable superiority for nonlinear multimodal parameter identification problems. | ZHOU Wei LI Shao Lin MA Gang CHANG Xiao Lin MA Xing ZHANG Chao | 2016 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2016，59，5： | 10 |
| 10 | A new prognostic histopathologic classification of nasopharyngeal carcinoma显示文摘Background:The current World Health Organization(WHO) classification of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) con?veys little prognostic information.This study aimed to propose an NPC histopathologic classification that can poten?tially be used to predict prognosis and treatment response.Methods:We initially developed a histopathologic classification based on the morphologic traits and cell differentia?tion of tumors of 2716 NPC patients who were identified at Sun Yat?sen University Cancer Center(SYSUCC)(training cohort).Then,the proposed classification was applied to 1702 patients(retrospective validation cohort) from hospitals outside SYSUCC and 1613 patients(prospective validation cohort) from SYSUCC.The efficacy of radiochemotherapy and radiotherapy modalities was compared between the proposed subtypes.We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios(HRs) with 95% confidence intervals(CI) for overall survival(OS).Results:The 5?year OS rates for all NPC patients who were diagnosed with epithelial carcinoma(EC;3708 patients),mixed sarcomatoid?epithelial carcinoma(MSEC;1247 patients),sarcomatoid carcinoma(SC;823 patients),and squamous cell carcinoma(SCC;253 patients) were 79.4%,70.5%,59.6%,and 42.6%,respectively(P < 0.001).In mul?tivariate models,patients with MSEC had a shorter OS than patients with EC(HR = 1.44,95% CI = 1.27–1.62),SC(HR = 2.00,95% CI = 1.76–2.28),or SCC(HR = 4.23,95% CI = 3.34–5.38).Radiochemotherapy significantly improved survival compared with radiotherapy alone for patients with EC(HR 49–0.75),and possibly for those with SCC(HR = 0.67,95% CI = 0.56–0.80),MSEC(HR = 0.58,95% CI = 0..74–1.28).= 0.63;95% CI = 0.40–0.98),but not for patients with SC(HR = 0.97,95% CI = 0Conclusions:The proposed classification offers more information for the prediction of NPC prognosis compared with the WHO classification and might be a valuable tool to guide treatment decisions for subtypes that are associ?ated with a poor prognosis. | Hai-Yun Wang Yih-Leong Chang Ka-Fai To Jacqueline S.G.Hwang Hai-Qiang Mai Yan-Fen Feng Ellen T.Chang Chen-Ping Wang Michael Koon Ming Kam Shie-Lee Cheah Ming Lee Li Gao Hui-Zhong Zhang Jie-Hua He Hao Jiang Pei-Qing Ma Xiao-Dong Zhu Liang Zeng Chun-Yan Chen Gang Chen Ma-Yan Huang Sha Fu Qiong Shao An-Jia Han Hai-Gang Li Chun-Kui Shao Pei-Yu Huang Chao-Nan Qian Tai-Xiang Lu Jin-Tian Li Weimin Ye Ingemar Ernberg Ho Keung Ng Joseph T.S.Wee Yi-Xin Zeng Hans-Olov Adami Anthony T.C.Chan Jian-Yong Shao | 2016 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2016，35，6： | 10 |
| 11 | Association Between Serum Uric Acid and Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Diagnosed using HbA1c Criteria Among Chinese Adults in Qingdao,China显示文摘Objective To determine whether elevated serum uric acid(UA)levels are associated with type 2 diabetes diagnosed using Hb A1 c levels among Chinese adults.Methods We conducted two population-based cross-sectional studies in Qingdao in China in 2006 and 2009.A total of 6894(39.4% men)subjects aged 35-74 years were included in the data analysis.Newly diagnosed diabetes was defined as Hb A1 c level of ≥6.5%,and prediabetes was classified as Hb A1 c level between 5.7% and 6.4% according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria.Multivariate logistic regression was employed to assess the association between UA and prevalence of type 2 diabetes defined using Glycated hemoglobin A1c(Hb A1 c levels.Results Subjects with prediabetes had higher UA levels than those with normal glucose tolerance,newly diagnosed diabetes,and known diabetes,with corresponding values of 325.1(82.5)μmol/L,310.9(84.2)μmol/L,291.3(81.7)μmol/L,305.2(83.6)μmol/L,respectively(P<0.001 for all comparisons).Binary logistic regression analysis showed that UA was a possible predictor for the prevalence of type 2 diabetes diagnosed using Hb A1 c levels,and the second quartile of UA levels had a higher odds ratio(OR:4.088;95% CI:2.900-5.765)for Hb A1 c than the other quartiles after adjusting for age,body mass index,sex,marital status,education,income,alcohol consumption,smoking,and cardiometabolic parameters.Conclusion Serum UA is significantly associated with type 2 diabetes diagnosed using Hb A1 c levels,independent of other cardiometabolic parameters. | XUE Bai TAN Ji Bin NING Feng SUN Jian Ping ZHANG Ke Yi LIU Li WANG Shao Jie ZHANG Dong Feng QIAO Qing PANG Zeng Chang | 2015 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2015，28，12： | 9 |
| 12 | Malnutrition and Quality of Life in Chinese Cancer Patients: a Clinical Study of 23,994 Subjects显示文摘Background Malnutrition is common in patients with cancer,and can negatively impact their quality of life(QoL)and even survival.However,there is currently no large data available on the prevalence of malnutrition in Chinese cancer patients.This study evaluated the prevalence of malnutrition and the QoL of Chinese patients with locoregional,recurrent or metastatic cancer.Methods We conducted a nationwide observational,multi-center,hospital-based cross-sectional study within the Chinese Society of Nutritional Oncology(CSNO)Network.All of the patients were diagnosed with one of the following 18 different types of malignant tumors:lung cancer,gastric cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer,breast cancer,esophageal cancer,cervical cancer,endometrial cancer,nasopharyngeal carcinoma,malignant lymphoma,leukemia,pancreatic cancer,ovarian cancer,prostate cancer,bladder cancer,brain cancer,biliary tract malignant tumors or gastrointestinal stromal tumors.These patients were enrolled from 72 hospitals located in different regions of China.The patients’nutritional status was evaluated based on the body mass index(BMI),loss of bodyweight,laboratory measurements and patient generated-subjective global assessment(PG-SGA)scores.The cancer patients’physical status and QoL were assessed by the Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)questionnaire and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC)QLQ-C30 questionnaire,respectively.Results From December 2013 to April 2016,23,994 patients hospitalized for cancer treatment(such as surgery,chemotherapy or radiotherapy)were enrolled in the study.The patients included 12,494(52.9%)males and 11,124(47.1%)females.The mean age was 55.8±13.7 years.The proportions of patients in cancer stagesⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳand uncertain were 11.5%,20.3%,27.5%,30.2%and 10.5%,respectively.Among the 23,994 inpatients,the proportions of patients who were underweight(BMI<18.5 kg/m2),normal(18.5 kg/m2 | Hong Xia Xu Chun Hua Song Zhen Ming Fu Chang Wang Zeng Qing Guo Yuan Lin Ying Ying Shi Wen Hu Yi Ba Su Yi Li Zeng Ning Li Kun Hua Wang Jing Wu Ying He Jia Jun Yang Cong Hua Xie Fu Xiang Zhou Xin Xia Song Gong Yan Chen Wen Jun Ma Su Xia Luo Zi Hua Chen Ming Hua Cong Hu Ma Chun Ling Zhou Wei Wang Qi Luo Yong Mei Shi Yu Mei Qi Hai Ping Jiang Wen Xian Guan Jun Qiang Chen Jia Xin Chen Yu Fang Lan Zhou Yong Dong Feng Rong Shao Tan Tao Li Jun Wen Ou Qing Chuan Zhao Jian Xiong Wu Min Weng Qing Hua Yao Jiu Wei Cui Wei Li Han Ping Shi the Investigation on Nutrition Status and Clinical Outcome of Common Cancers(INSCOC)Group | 2021 | Journal of Nutritional Oncology2021，6，1： | 8 |
| 13 | Hepatitis G virus infection in patients with chronic non-A-E hepatitis显示文摘HepatitisGvirusinfectioninpatientswithchronicnonAEhepatitisCHANGJinHong,WEILai,DUShaoCai,WANGHao,SUNYanandTAOQiMinSubjec... | CHANG Jin Hong, WEI Lai, DU Shao Cai, WANG Hao, SUN Yan and TAO Qi Min | 1997 | World Journal of Gastroenterology1997，3，3： | 7 |
| 14 | Integrating BDS and GPS for precise relative orbit determination of LEO formation flying显示文摘Low-Earth-Orbit(LEO) formation-flying satellites have been widely applied in many kinds of space geodesy. Precise Relative Orbit Determination(PROD) is an essential prerequisite for the LEO formation-flying satellites to complete their mission in space. The contribution of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System(BDS) to the accuracy and reliability of PROD of LEO formation-flying satellites based on a Global Positioning System(GPS) is studied using a simulation method. Firstly, when BDS is added to GPS, the mean number of visible satellites increases from9.71 to 21.58. Secondly, the results show that the 3-Dimensional(3 D) accuracy of PROD, based on BDS-only, GPS-only and BDS + GPS, is 0.74 mm, 0.66 mm and 0.52 mm, respectively. When BDS co-works with GPS, the accuracy increases by 29.73%. Geostationary-Earth-Orbit(GEO) satellites and Inclined Geosynchronous-Orbit(IGSO) satellites are only distributed over the Asia-Pacific region; however, they could provide a global improvement to PROD. The difference in PROD results between the Asia-Pacific region and the non-Asia-Pacific region is not apparent. Furthermore, the value of the Ambiguity Dilution Of Precision(ADOP), based on BDS + GPS, decreases by 7.50% and 8.26%, respectively, compared with BDS-only and GPS-only. Finally, if the relative position between satellites is only a few kilometres, the effect of ephemeris errors on PROD could be ignored. However, for a several-hundred-kilometre separation of the LEO satellites, the SingleDifference(SD) ephemeris errors of GEO satellites would be on the order of centimetres. The experimental results show that when IGSO satellites and Medium-Earth-Orbit(MEO) satellites co-work with GEO satellites, the accuracy decreases by 17.02%. | Bin YI Defeng GU Xiao CHANG Kai SHAO | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2018，31，10： | 7 |
| 15 | Evolution and molecular epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease virus in China显示文摘Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD),caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV),is considered one of the most important viral diseases of cloven-hoofed animals,causing severe economic losses in affected regions of the world.Three serotypes (A,O,and Asia 1) of FMDV have been identified in China since 1958.In addition,the occurrence of novel subtypes within these serotypes has made the epidemiology of FMDV more complicated over the last few years.In this review,we summarize the history and the current epidemiological situation in China,genetic diversity (e.g.,quasispecies dynamics,antigenic heterogeneity,and functional constraints),intertypic recombination,and the evidence for positive selection of different FMDV serotypes.We also assess these genetic data to understand the origin,evolution,and transmission of FMDV,the findings of which may be useful in developing control measures for future epidemics. | BAI XingWen LI PingHua BAO HuiFang LIU ZaiXin LI Dong LU ZengJun CAO YiMei SHANG YouJun SHAO JunJun CHANG HuiYun LUO JianXun LIU XiangTao | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，21： | 7 |
| 16 | Validity of the Chinese Version of the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) in Lung Cancer Patients显示文摘The prevalence of malnutrition is high among oncology patients in China. Although the Patient- Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) is widely recognized as an important nutritional assessment tool, it has not been validated for Chinese cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to conduct an analysis of nutrition screening and assessment data to validate the Chinese version of the PG-SGA in Chinese patients with lung cancer. This was an observational, cross-sectional study of 2,000 consecutive adult patients with lung cancer treated at several tertiary hospitals in China. Anthropometric and patient descriptive data were collected. The PG-SGA generated a score for the nutritional risk and a global rating for the nutritional status. The internal consistency, external consistency, and construct validity were evaluated, and a known-groups comparison and principal component analyses were conducted to evaluate the reliability and validity of the PG-SGA. The known-groups comparison demonstrated the ability of the PG-SGA to differentiate lung cancer patients of different nutritional and body mass index (BMI) groups. A confirmatory factor analysis supported the original four-factor structure of the PG-SGA. In terms of the internal and external consistency, the PG-SGA demonstrated intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) up to 0.987. Alternative form validity was also demonstrated between Box 4 of the PG-SGA and the Karnofsky Performance Status score, with excellent external consistency (r = 0.972, P < 0.001). The construct validity was supported, and selected questionnaire dimensions were evident in the principal component analysis. Significant Spearman correlations (P < 0.001) were demonstrated. The Chinese version of the PG-SGA demonstrated significant reliability and sufficient exploratory properties to support its validity. It seems to be a valid tool that can be used to access the nutritional status of Chinese lung cancer patients. The validity of the PG-SGA in Chinese cancer patients warrants further investigation in other cancer types. | Zhen Ming Fu Hong Xia Xu Chun Hua Song Wei Li Zeng Qing Guo Yuan Lin Ying Ying Shi Wen Hu Yi Ba Su Yi Li Zeng Ning Li Kun Hua Wang Jing Wu Ying He Jia Jun Yang Cong Hua Xie Xin Xia Song Gong Yan Chen Wen Jun Ma Su Xia Luo Zi Hua Chen Ming Hua Cong Hu Ma Chun Ling Zhou Wei Wang Qi Luo Yong Mei Shi Yu Mei Qi Hai Ping Jiang Wen Xian Guan Jun Qiang Chen Jia Xin Chen Yu Fang Lan Zhou Yong Dong Feng Rong Shao Tan Tao Li Jun Wen Ou Qing Chuan Zhao Jian Xiong Wu Chang Wang Han Ping Shi The Investigation on Nutrition Status and Clinical Outcome of Common Cancers (INSCOC) Group | 2016 | Journal of Nutritional Oncology2016，1，1： | 7 |
| 17 | Immune Potential of a Novel Multiple-epitope Vaccine to FMDV Type Asia 1 in Guinea Pigs and Sheep显示文摘To develop a safe and efficient recombinant subunit vaccine to foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) type Asia 1 in sheep, a tandem repeated multiple-epitope gene consisting of residues 137-160 and 197-211 of the VP1 gene of FMDV was designed and artificially synthesized. The biologically functional molecule, the ovine IgG heavy constant region (oIgG) as a protein carrier was introduced for design of the multiple-epitope recombinant vaccine and recombinant expression plasmids pET-30a-RE and pET-30a-RE-oIgG were successfully constructed. The recombinant proteins, RE and RE-oIgG, were expressed as a formation of inclusion bodies in E. coli. The immune potential of this vaccine regime in guinea pigs and sheep was evaluated. The results showed that IgG could significantly enhance the immune potential of antigenic epitopes. The recombinant protein RE-oIgG could not only elicit the high levels of neutralizing antibodies and lymphocytes proliferation responses in the vaccinated guinea pigs, but confer complete protection in guinea pigs against virus challenge. Although the recombinant protein RE could not confer protection in the vaccinated animals, it could delay the appearance of the clinical signs and reduce the severity of disease. Inspiringly, the titers of anti-FMDV neutralizing antibodies elicited in sheep vaccinated with RE-oIgG was significantly higher than that for the RE vaccination. Therefore, we speculated that this vaccine formulation may be a promising strategy for designing a novel vaccine against FMDV in the future. | Jun-jun Shao Jing-feng Wang Hui-yun Chang Ji-xing Liu | 2011 | Virologica Sinica2011，26，3： | 6 |
| 18 | Diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune pancreatitis: experience with 100 patients显示文摘BACKGROUND: Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is increasingly recognized as a unique subtype of pancreatitis. This study aimed to analyze the diagnosis and treatment of AIP patients from a tertiary care center in China.METHODS: One hundred patients with AIP who had been treated from January 2005 to December 2012 in our hospital were enrolled in this study. We retrospectively reviewed the data of clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, imaging examinations, pathological examinations, treatment and outcomes of the patients.RESULTS: The median age of the patients at onset was 57 years (range 23-82) with a male to female ratio of 8.1:1. The common manifestations of the patients included obstructive jaundice (49 patients, 49.0%), abdominal pain (30, 30.0%), and acute pancreatitis (11, 11.0%). Biliary involvement was one of the most extrapancreatic manifestations (64, 64.0%). Fifty-six (56.0%) and 43 (43.0%) patients were classified into focaltype and diffuse-type respectively according to the imaging examinations. The levels of serum Ig G and Ig G4 were elevated in 69.4% (43/62) and 92.0% (69/75) patients. Pathological analysis of specimens from 27 patients supported the diagnosis of lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing pancreatitis, and marked (>10 cells/HPF) Ig G4 positive cells were found in 20 (74.1%) patients.Steroid treatment and surgery as the main initial treatments were given to 41 (41.0%) and 28 (28.0%) patients, respectively. The remission rate after the initial treatment was 85.0%. Steroid was given as the treatment after relapse in most of the patients and the total remission rate at the end of follow-up was 96.0%.CONCLUSIONS: Clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, imaging and pathology examinations in combination could increase the diagnostic accuracy of AIP. Steroid treatment with an initial dose of 30 or 40 mg prednisone is effective and safe in most patients with AIP. | Lei Xin Yuan-Xiang He Xiao-Fei Zhu Qun-Hua Zhang Liang-Hao Hu Duo-Wu Zou Zhen-Dong Jin Xue-Jiao Chang Jian-Ming Zheng Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University Chang-Jing Zuo Cheng-Wei Shao Gang Jin Zhuan Liao Zhao-Shen Li | 2014 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2014，13，6： | 6 |
| 19 | Histone Deacetylase HDA9 and WRKY53 Transcription Factor Are Mutual Antagonists in Regulation of Plant Stress Response显示文摘Epigenetic regulation of gene expression is important for plant adaptation to environm ental changes.Previous results showed that Arabidopsis RPD3-like histone deacetylase HDA9 is known to function in repressing plant response to stress in Arabidopsis.However,how HDA9 targets to specific chromatin loci and controls gene expression netw orks involved in plant response to stress remains largely unclear.Here,we show that HDA9 represses stress tolerance response by interacting with and regulating the DNA binding and transcriptional activity of WRKY53,which functions as a high-hierarchy positive regulator of stress response.We found that WRKY53 is post-translationally modified by lysine acetylation at multiple sites,some of which are removed by HDA9,resulting in inhibition of WRKY53 transcription activity.Conversely,WRKY53 negatively regulates HDA9 histone deacetylase activity.Collectively,our results indicate that HDA9 and WRK53 are reciprocal negative regulators of each other's activities,illustrating how the functional interplay between a chromatin regulator and a transcription factor regulates stress tolerance in plants. | Yu Zheng Jingyu Ge Chun Bao Wenwen Chang Jingjing Liu Jingjie Shao Xiaoyun Liu Lufang Su Lei Pan Dao-Xiu Zhou | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，4： | 6 |
| 20 | CFD–DEM–CVD multi-physical field coupling model for simulating particle coating process in spout bed显示文摘Particle coating is a very important step in many industrial production processes as the particle coating layers may fix surfaces with unique advantages. Given the limitation and disadvantages of the existing simulation methods, a coupled CFD–DEM–CVD multi-physical field model for particle-coating simulations has been established taking into account the velocity field, temperature field, concentration field, and deposition model. In this model, gas behavior and chemical reactions are simulated in the CFD frame based on the conservation laws of mass, momentum, and energy. The particle behavior is simulated in the DEM frame based on the gas–solid interphase force model and contact force model. The deposition behavior is simulated in the CVD frame based on the particle movement–adhesion–deposition model. The coupled model can be implemented in Fluent-EDEM software with their user definition function and application programming interface. The particle coating process involving the pyrolysis of acetylene was investigated, and the effect of bed temperature and inlet gas velocity on deposition rate and coating efficiency were investigated based on the proposed model with adjustable deposition coefficients. Both the average deposition layer mass and the average deposition layer thickness were found to be proportional to the elapsed time and increased at the rate of about 1.05 × 10^-2 mg/s and 3.45 × 10^-4 mm/s, respectively, setting the inlet gas velocity to 11 m/s and bed temperature to 1680 K. A higher temperature and larger inlet gas velocity lead to a larger deposition rate, but the coating efficiency decreases because of limits imposed by the chemical reaction. At a bed temperature of 1280 K, the average deposition rate is 7.40 × 10?3 mg/s when the inlet gas velocity is set to 11 m/s, which is about double the deposition rate when the inlet gas velocity is set as 5 m/s. The proposed model can provide some guidance for the operating conditions and parameters design of the spouted bed in actual coating settings and can also be further developed as a basic model of mechanisms to integrate detailed information across multiple scales. | Malin Liu Meng Chen Tianjin Li Yaping Tang Rongzheng Liu Youlin Shao Bing Liu Jiaxing Chang | 2019 | Particuology2019，17，1： | 6 |
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