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| 1 | Depositional environment of terrestrial petroleum source rocks and geochemical indicators in the Songliao Basin显示文摘To determine geochemical indicators for depositional environment favored by terrestrial petroleum source rocks, we selected 40 source rock samples from the Late Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation (K2qn) and the first member of Nenjiang Formation (K2n1) in the Songliao Basin to qualify saturate fraction and aromatic fraction using GC-HRT (gas chromatography high reso lution time-of-flight mass spectrometry) and quantify important biomarkers using GC-MS. The results reveal that source rocks from the 1st member of Qingshankou Formation (K2qn1) are characterized by not only high contents of terpanes, regular ster anes and 4-methylsteranes but also high contents of dinosteranes, C31 steranes and aryl isoprenoids. Presence of specific bi omarkers like elementary sulfur and lanostanes indicates a depositional environment of lagoon characterized by water stratifi cation and high salinity. In the 2nd-3rd members of Qingshankou Formation (K2qn2+3), source rocks contain lower contents of biomarkers, indicating a depositional environment of shallow fresh-water lake delta. Source rocks in the K2n1 contain high contents of terpanes, regular steranes and 4-methylsteranes but lower contents of dinosteranes, C31 steranes and aryl isopre noids, indicating a depositional environment of fresh-brackish open lake characterized by low salinity and poor water stratifi cation, where organic matter is seriously altered by bacteria. Overall analysis shows that primary geochemical indicators for terrestrial petroleum source rocks are as follows: 1) C30 hopanes > 1500 ppm; 2) gammacerane >190 ppm; 3) C27 steranes >200 ppm; 4) 4-methylsteranes >100 ppm; 5) aryl isoprenoids > 3 ppm; 6) dehydroxyl-vitamin E >10 ppm. | FENG ZiHui FANG Wei LI ZhenGuang WANG Xue HUO QiuLi HUANG ChunYan ZHANG JuHe ZENG HuaSen | 2011 | Science China Earth Sciences2011，54，9： | 6 |
| 2 | Shale Oil Occurrence and Reservoir Characteristics of the Qijia-Gulong Depression in Songliao Basin显示文摘1 Introduction The technology breakthrough in the exploration of shale gas and tight oil has greatly extended the global fossil fuel resources(Jia et al.,2012;Zou et al.,2012;Qiu et al.,2013).Although shale oil has been the global hot topic in the study of unconventional resources,there are varied definitions with respect to shale oil by different researchers. | HUO Qiuli ZENG Huasen ZHANG Xiaochang FANG Qinghua WANG Zhenying FU Li | 2015 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2015，89，A01： | 1 |
| 3 | Seedling defoliation of cereal crops increases peanut growth and yield in an intercropping system显示文摘Intercropping cereals and legumes is practiced widely in the world for improving yields and economic benefits. Shorter legume crops in intercropping are shaded by taller cereals, substantially reducing legume growth and yield. Reducing shade in intercropping by shortening the plant height of cereals by seedling defoliation has been proposed as a practical approach to increase crop yields and land productivity. A two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of defoliation of cereal crops at seedling stage on the growth and yield of peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) intercropped with corn(Zea mays L.) or millet(Setaria italica L.). In comparison with non-defoliation controls, defoliation reduced final plant height by 29 cm on average for corn and 18 cm for millet. Photosynthetically active radiation on peanut in intercropping systems with corn or millet intercropping was respectively 27.0% and 22.8% higher than those in controls, significantly improving the light environment of intercropped peanut. Net photosynthetic rates of peanut were on average 25.5% higher in corn and peanut intercropping and 19.6% higher in millet and peanut intercropping than those in non-defoliation controls. Total biomass of intercropped peanut increased owing to increased root growth. Across two years, yield of peanut intercropped with corn was 27.7% and with millet 32.8% higher than those of controls. Defoliation of cereal crops did not affect corn yield but significantly decreased millet yield by 24.5%. Our results suggest that applying seedling defoliation in intercropped corn could increase peanut yield without compromising corn yield in an intercropping system. | Bo Huang Xiaojin Zou Huasen Xu Jiayi Xu Huiyu Liu Wentao Sun Liang Gong Shiwei Niu Liangshan Feng Ning Yang Lizhen Zhang Zhanxiang Sun | 2022 | The Crop Journal2022，10，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Intercroppingcompetition between apple trees and crops in agroforestrysystems on the Loess Plateau of China 显示文摘 | Gao Lubo Xu Huasen Bi Huaxing | 2013 | PloS-one2013，8，70： | 1 |
| 5 | Crude-oil hydrocarbon composition characteristics and oil viscosity prediction in the northern Songliao Basin显示文摘Crude oil hydrocarbon composition characteristics and oil viscosity prediction are important bases in petroleum exploration.A total of 54 oil/heavy-oil samples and 17 oil sands were analyzed and quantified using both comprehensive 2D gas chromatography(GC×GC)and comprehensive 2D gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry(GC×GC/TOFMS).The results show that crude oil in the West slope is mainly heavy oil and its hydrocarbon composition is characterized overall by paraffins>mono-aromatics>naphthenes>non-hydrocarbons>di-aromatics>tri-aromatics>tetra-aromatics.Aromatics are most abundant and non-hydrocarbons are least abundant,whilst content differences among paraffins,naphthenes,aromatics,and non-hydrocarbons are less than 15%.There are two types of heavy oil,secondary type and mixing type.Biodegradation is the main formation mechanism of heavy oil.Biodegradation levels cover light biodegradation,moderate biodegradation,and severe biodegradation.With increasing biodegradation,paraffin content decreases while contents of aromatics and nonhydrocarbons increase.In contrast,naphthene content increases first and then decreases with increasing biodegradation.In severe biodegradation stage,naphthenes decrease more quickly than aromatics and non-hydrocarbons.This provides a new method for studying oil/heavy-oil biodegradation mechanism and biodegradation resistance of different hydrocarbons at different biodegradation stages.In the Longhupao-Daan terrace and Qijia-Gulong depression,most crude oil is conventional oil.Its composition is dominated by paraffins with the lowest content of aromatics.In some casual oil wells from the Longhupao-Daan terrace,crude oil from Saertu oil reservoirs is moderately biodegraded whereas crude oil from Putaohua oil reservoir is lightly biodegraded.Chemical parameters using saturate hydrocarbons and aromatics are usually not suitable for determining organic type and thermal maturity of biodegraded oil,especially of moderately or severely biodegraded oil,whilst Ts/(Ts+Tm)ratio can be used to determine thermal maturity of both conventional crude oil and heavy oil. | ZHANG JuHe FENG ZiHui FANG Wei HUO QiuLi ZHANG Kun LI JingKun ZENG HuaSen ZHANG BoWei | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Shale oil enrichment evaluation and production law in Gulong Sag,Songliao Basin,NE China显示文摘Based on the results of drilling,tests and simulation experiments,the shales of the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in the Gulong Sag of the Songliao Basin are discussed with respect to hydrocarbon generation evolution,shale oil occurrence,and pore/fracture evolution mechanism.In conjunction with a substantial amount of oil testing and production data,the Gulong shale oil enrichment layers are evaluated and the production behaviors and decline law are analyzed.The results are drawn in four aspects.First,the Gulong shales are in the stage of extensive hydrocarbon expulsion when R_(0) is 1.0%-1.2%,with the peak hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of 49.5%approximately.In the low-medium maturity stage,shale oil migrates from kerogen to rocks and organic pores/fractures.In the medium-high maturity stage,shale oil transforms from adsorbed state to free state.Second,the clay mineral intergranular pores/fractures,dissolution pores,and organic pores make up the majority of the pore structure.During the transformation,clay minerals undergo significant intergranular pore/fracture development between the minerals such as illite and illite/smectite mixed layer.A network of pores/fractures is formed by organic matter cracking.Third,free hydrocarbon content,effective porosity,total porosity,and brittle mineral content are the core indicators for the evaluation of shale oil enrichment layers.Class-I layers are defined as free hydrocarbon content equal or greater than 6.0 mg/g,effective porosity equal or greater than 3.5%,total porosity equal or greater than 8.0%,and brittle mineral content equal or greater than 50%.It is believed that the favourable oil layers are Q2-Q3 and Q8-Q9.Fourth,the horizontal wells in the core area of the light oil zone exhibit a high cumulative production in the first year,and present a hyperbolic production decline pattern,with the decline index of 0.85-0.95,the first-year decline rate of 14.5%-26.5%,and the single-well estimated ultimate recovery(EUR)greater than 2.0×10^(4)t.In practical exploration and production,more efforts will be devoted to the clarification of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion mechanisms,accurate testing of porosity and hydrocarbon content/phase of shale under formation conditions,precise delineation of the boundary of enrichment area,relationship between mechanical properties and stimulated reservoir volume,and enhanced oil recovery,in order to improve the EUR and achieve a large-scale,efficient development of shale oil. | SUN Longde CUI Baowen ZHU Rukai WANG Rui FENG Zihui LI Binhui ZHANG Jingya GAO Bo WANG Qingzhen ZENG Huasen LIAO Yuanhui JIANG Hangl | 2023 | Petroleum Exploration and Development2023，50，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Hepato-protective effects of six schisandra lignans on acetaminophen-induced liver injury are partially associated with the inhibition of CYP-mediated bioactivation显示文摘 | Yiming Jiang Xiaomei Fan Ying Wang Huasen Tan Pan Chen Hang Zeng Min Huang Huichang Bi | 2015 | Chemico-Biological Interactions2015，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Intercropping competition between Malus pumila trees and crops in agroforestry systems on the Loess Plateau of China显示文摘 | Gao Lubo Xu Huasen Bi Huaxing | 2013 | PLoS ONE2013，8，7： | 1 |
| 9 | Distribution and morphological variation of fine root in a walnut-soybean intercropping system in the Loess Plateau of China显示文摘 | Xu Huasen Bi Huaxing Gao Lubo | 2013 | International Journal Agriculture and Biology2013，15，： | 1 |
| 10 | Crude oil mobility and its controlling factors in tight sand reservoirs in northern Songliao Basin, East China显示文摘Taking tight oil in Gaotaizi and Fuyu oil layers of the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in northern Songliao Basin as an example, based on analyses of nuclear magnetic resonance and high pressure mercury injection, experiment methods of supercritical carbon dioxide displacement and extraction are firstly employed to quantify crude oil mobility in tight sand reservoirs with different lithologies and oil contents. The results show that, under the conditions of simulating the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in the northern Songliao Basin at a temperature of 76-89 °C and a pressure of 35-42 MPa, the lower limit of the porosity of the movable oil is4.4%, and the lower limit of the permeability is 0.015′10-3 mm2. The lower limit of the average pore throat radius is 21 nm. On this basis,a classification standard for three types of tight sand reservoirs is proposed. Type I reservoirs are characterized by the movable fluid saturation larger than 40%, the movable oil ratio(ratio of movable oil to total oil) greater than 30% and the starting pressure gradient in the range of 0.3-0.6 MPa/m; Type II reservoirs are characterized by the movable fluid saturation in the range of 10%–40%, the movable oil ratio in the range of 5%–30% and the starting pressure gradient in the range of 0.6–1.0 MPa/m; Type III reservoirs are characterized by the movable fluid saturation less than 10% in general, the movable oil ratio less than 5%, and the starting pressure gradient greater than1.0 MPa/m. The fluid mobility in tight sand reservoirs is mainly affected by diagenesis and sedimentary environment. Reservoirs with depth lower than 2000 m are dominated by type I reservoir, whereas those with greater depth are dominated by type I and II reservoirs.Reservoirs in inner delta-front facies are dominated by type I reservoir, whereas those in outer delta-front facies and shore-shallow lacustrine facies are dominated by type II and III reservoirs. | FENG Jun ZHANG Bowei FENG Zihui WANG Yachun ZHANG Juhe FU Xiaofei SUN Yonghe HUO Qiuli SHAO Hongmei ZENG Huasen QU Bin CHI Huanyuan | 2019 | Petroleum Exploration and Development2019，46，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Mitigation of the ablative Rayleigh–Taylor instability by nonlocal electron heat transport显示文摘The effects of electron nonlocal heat transport (NLHT) on the two-dimensional single-mode ablative Rayleigh–Taylor instability (ARTI) upto the highly nonlinear phase are reported for the first time through numerical simulations with a multigroup diffusion model. It is found thatas well as its role in the linear stabilization of ARTI growth, NLHT can also mitigate ARTI bubble nonlinear growth after the first saturationto the classical terminal velocity, compared with what is predicted by the local Spitzer–Härm model. The key factor affecting the reductionin the linear growth rate is the enhancement of the ablation velocity Va by preheating. It is found that NLHT mitigates nonlinear bubblegrowth through a mechanism involving reduction of vorticity generation. NLHT enhances ablation near the spike tip and slows down thespike, leading to weaker vortex generation as the pump of bubble reacceleration in the nonlinear stage. NLHT more effectively reduces thenonlinear growth of shorter-wavelength ARTI modes seeded by the laser imprinting phase in direct-drive laser fusion. | Jun Li Rui Yan Bin Zhao Jian Zheng Huasen Zhang Xiyun Lu | 2022 | Matter and Radiation at Extremes2022，7，5： | 0 |
| 12 | 广州汽车工业大厦及京穗中心显示文摘广州汽车大厦和京穗中心作为广州新的城市发展的标志性建筑物,包括办公总部大楼、五星级酒店和酒店式公寓住宅三部分.
它立足于城市的整体关系,通过不同体量之间巧妙的组合,将汽车引擎的概念与广州城市发展脉搏的引擎相结合,大胆地将空间与建筑体型结合,塑造出城市中全新的标志性建筑. | in collaboration with HUASEN ARCHITECTURAL & ENGINEERING DESIGNING CONSULTANTS LTD. | 2005 | 世界建筑导报2005，，4： | 0 |
| 13 | Robust DOA estimation and tracking for integrated sensing and communication massive MIMO OFDM systems显示文摘In this paper,we propose a robust direction-of-arrival(DOA)estimation and tracking scheme for a massive multiple input multiple output(MIMO)orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing(OFDM)system using integrated sensing and communication(ISAC).First,a frame structure is designed to enable integrated DOA estimation and tracking,as well as data transmission.Then,coherent combining and multipath combining methods are proposed as pilot signal preprocessing methods for robust DOA estimation and tracking.Finally,for ISAC massive MIMO-OFDM systems,a fast Fourier transform(FFT)algorithmbased robust DOA estimator design is proposed,including a preamble-based initial DOA estimation scheme and an embedded pilot-based DOA tracking scheme.The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed robust DOA estimation and tracking method can obtain accurate DOA estimation even when the signal-tonoise ratio is low.Furthermore,the estimation performance outperforms the conventional multiple signal classification(MUSIC)and estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique(ESPRIT)methods. | Kui XU Xiaochen XIA Chunguo LI Wei XIE Jie LIU Rangang ZHU Huasen HE | 2023 | Science China(Information Sciences)2023，66，10： | 0 |
| 14 | Modelling Design of Color Graphics Books Using Visual Vocabulary Based on Children’s Color Language Preferences显示文摘Color language has important meaning for children’s picture books.Understanding children’s preferences in terms of color language will be helpful when designers model computerized picture books in order to adapt to children’s visual senses and effectively stimulate children’s interest in reading.In this study,we aimed to further explore the general characteristics of children’s preference for colors,color depth and color matching forms in picture books.For the study,256 children between the ages of three and six were selected and divided into four groups.According to the implementation needs of the children’s color preference test,these childrenwere asked to complete a series of tasks so that their choices in the tasks could subsequently be analyzed.The tasks included making the following choices:selecting their preferred colors from nine options(red,orange,yellow,green,cyan,blue,purple,black and white);selecting their preferred color brightness fromthree different color shades;and indicating their preferences in relation to complementary colors,matching colors and pure colors.The experimental results showed that children aged between three and six mainly favor red,blue and yellow,and colors with a high degree of brightness.As children grow older,boys tend to prefer blue,and girls tend to prefer pink,with red remaining the favorite color of both genders.As for complementary colors,matching colors and solid colors,three-to six-year-old children prefer solid colors.In conclusion,it seems that color language preferences in children between the ages of three and six are very similar,which could be of use when designing children’s picture books to match their visual vocabulary and psychological cognition. | Wanni Xu Huasen Xu Xingyu Guo | 2022 | Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences2022，，2： | 0 |
| 15 | Semi-hydro-equivalent design and performance extrapolation between 100 kJ-scale and NIF-scale indirect drive implosion显示文摘Extrapolation of implosion performance between different laser energy scales is investigated for indirect drive through a semi-hydroequivalent design.Since radiation transport is non-hydro-equivalent,the peak radiation temperature of the hohlraum and the ablation velocity of the capsule ablator are not scale-invariant when the sizes of the hohlraum and the capsule are scale-varied.A semi-hydro-equivalent design method that keeps the implosion velocity V_(i),adiabat α_(F),and P_(L)/R_(hc)^(2) (where P_(L) is the laser power and R_(hc) is the hohlraum and capsule scale length)scale-invariant,is proposed to create hydrodynamically similar implosions.The semi-hydro-equivalent design and the scaled implosion performance are investigated for the 100 kJ Laser Facility(100 kJ-scale)and the National Ignition Facility(NIF-scale)with about 2 MJ laser energy.It is found that the one-dimensional implosion performance is approximately hydro-equivalent when V_(i) and α_(F) are kept the same.Owing to the non-hydro-equivalent radiation transport,the yield-over-clean without α-particle heating(YOC_(noα))is slightly lower at 100 kJ-scale than at NIF-scale for the same scaled radiation asymmetry or the same initial perturbation of the hydrodynamic instability.The overall scaled two-dimensional implosion performance is slightly lower at 100 kJ-scale.The general Lawson criterion factor scales asχ_(noα) ^(2D)∼S^(1.06±0.04)(where S is the scale-variation factor)for the semi-hydro-equivalent implosion design with a moderate YOC_(noα).Our study indicates that χ_(noα)≈0.379 is the minimum requirement for the 100 kJ-scale implosion to demonstrate the ability to achieve marginal ignition at NIF-scale. | Huasen Zhang Dongguo Kang Changshu Wu Liang Hao Hao Shen Shiyang Zou Shaoping Zhu Yongkun Ding | 2024 | Matter and Radiation at Extremes2024，9，1： | 0 |
| 16 | In-situ hydrocarbon formation and accumulation mechanisms of micro- and nano-scale pore-fracture in Gulong shale, Songliao Basin, NE China显示文摘By conducting experimental analyses, including thermal pyrolysis, micro-/nano-CT, argon-ion polishing field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D NMR), the Gulong shale oil in the Songliao Basin was investigated with respect to formation model, pore structure and accumulation mechanism. First, in the Gulong shale, there are a large number of pico-algae, nano-algae and dinoflagellates, which were formed in brackish water environment and constituted the hydrogen-rich oil source materials of shale. Second, most of the oil-generating materials of the Qingshankou Formation shale exist in the form of organo-clay complex. During organic matter thermal evolution, clay minerals had double effects of suppression and catalytic hydrogenation, which expanded shale oil window and increased light hydrocarbon yield. Third, the formation of storage space in the Gulong Shale was related to dissolution and hydrocarbon generation. With the diagenesis, micro-/nano-pores increased, pore diameter decreased and more bedding fractures appeared, which jointly gave rise to the unique reservoir with dual media (i.e. nano-scale pores and micro-scale bedding fractures) in the Gulong shale. Fourth, the micro-/nano-scale oil storage unit in the Gulong shale exhibits independent oil/gas occurrence phase, and shows that all-size pores contain oils, which occur in condensate state in micropores or in oil-gas two phase (or liquid) state in macropores/mesopores. The understanding about Gulong shale oil formation and accumulation mechanism has theoretical and practical significance for advancing continental shale oil exploration in China. | WANG Xiaojun CUI Baowen FENG Zihui SHAO Hongmei HUO Qiuli ZHANG Bin GAO Bo ZENG Huasen | 2023 | Petroleum Exploration and Development2023，50，6： | 0 |
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