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| 1 | Chemical characteristics of PM_(2.5) during a typical haze episode in Guangzhou显示文摘The chemical characteristics(water-soluble ions and carbonaceous species) of PM2.5 in Guangzhou were measured during a typical haze episode.Most of the chemical species in PM2.5 showed significant difference between normal and haze days.The highest contributors to PM2.5 were organic carbon(OC),nitrate,and sulfate in haze days and were OC,sulfate,and elemental carbon(EC) in normal days.The concentrations of secondary species such as,NO3-,SO42-,and NH4+ in haze days were 6.5,3.9,and 5.3 times higher than those in normal days,respectively,while primary species(EC,Ca2+,K+) show similar increase from normal to haze days by a factor about 2.2-2.4.OC/EC ratio ranged from 2.8 to 6.2 with an average of 4.7 and the estimation on a minimum OC/EC ratio showed that SOC(secondary organic carbon) accounted more than 36.6% for the total organic carbon in haze days.The significantly increase in the secondary species(SOC,NO3-,SO42-,and NH4+),especially in NO3-,caused the worst air quality in this region.Simultaneously,the result illustrated that the serious air pollution in haze episodes was strongly correlated with the meteorological conditions.During the sampling periods,air pollution and visibility had a good relationship with the air mass transport distance;the shorter air masses transport distance,the worse air quality and visibility in Guangzhou,indicating the strong domination of local sources contributing to haze formation.High concentration of the secondary aerosol in haze episodes was likely due to the higher oxidation rates of sulfur and nitrogen species. | TAN Jihua DUAN Jingchun HE Kebin MA Yongliang DUAN Fengkui CHEN Yuan FU Jiamo | 2009 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2009，21，6： | 71 |
| 2 | Size distributions and sources of elements in particulate matter at curbside,urban and rural sites in Beijing显示文摘Size distributions of 29 elements in aerosols collected at urban,rural and curbside sites in Beijing were studied.High levels of Mn,Ni,As,Cd and Pb indicate the pollution of toxic heavy metals cannot be neglected in Beijing.Principal component analysis (PCA) indicates 4 sources of combustion emission,crust related sources,traffic related sources and volatile species from coal combustion.The elements can be roughly divided into 3 groups by size distribution and enrichment factors method (EFs).Group 1 elements are crust related and mainly found within coarse mode including Al,Mg,Ca,Sc,Ti,Fe,Sr,Zr and Ba;Group 2 elements are fossil fuel related and mostly concentrated in accumulation mode including S,As,Se,Ag,Cd,Tl and Pb;Group 3 elements are multi-source related and show multi-mode distribution including Be,Na,K,Cr,Mn,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Ga,Mo,Sn and Sb.The EFs of Be,S,Cr,Co,Ni,Cu,Ga,Se,Mo,Ag,Cd,Sb,Tl and Pb show higher values in winter than in summer indicating sources of coal combustion for heating in winter.The abundance of Cu and Sb in coarse mode is about 2-6 times higher at curbside site than at urban site indicating their traffic sources.Coal burning may be the major source of Pb in Beijing since the phase out of leaded gasoline,as the EFs of Pb are comparable at both urban and curbside sites,and about two times higher in winter than that in summer. | Jingchun Duan Jihua Tan Shulan Wang Jimin Hao Fahe Chai | 2012 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2012，24，1： | 67 |
| 3 | RNA-Directed DNA Methylation Is Involved in Regulating Photoperiod-Sensitive Male Sterility in Rice显示文摘光周期敏感的男绝育(PSMS ) 是为混合米饭繁殖的珍贵 germplasm。最近,我们克隆 pms3,控制 PSMS 的一个地点,它编码称为在长天的条件下面为米饭植物的正常男富饶要求的 LDMAR 的长非编码的 RNA。在在 PSMS 米饭(Nongken 58S ) 相对的 LDMAR 的倡导者的增加的 methylation 野类型(Nongken 58 ) 减少了在长天的条件下面导致男绝育的 LDMAR 的表示。在这研究,我们鉴别 siRNA 在比在 Nongken 58 更充满 Nongken 58S 的 LDMAR 倡导者区域说出 PsiLDMAR。我们证明 PsiLDMAR 多半从 AK111270 被导出,与它让 110 底与 LDMAR 的 5 结束重叠的 3 结束从 LDMAR 倡导者的感觉海滨获得的一个抄本。在 Nongken 58S 的 Overexpressing AK111270 极大地充实 PsiLDMAR,它在 LDMAR 倡导者导致了指导 RNA 的 DNA methylation 并且镇压 LDMAR 的表示。在 Nongken 58S 的 LDMAR 的减小为富饶恢复改变了批评的天长度并且在短天的条件下面推迟了富饶恢复。这结果为 PSMS 增加了我们分子的机制的理解。 | Jihua Ding Jianqiang Shen Hailiang Mao Weibo Xie Xianghua Li Qifa Zhang | 2012 | Molecular Plant2012，5，6： | 33 |
| 4 | Petrogenesis of early Yanshanian highly evolved granites in the Longyuanba area,southern Jiangxi Province:Evidence from zircon U-Pb dating,Hf-O isotope and whole-rock geochemistry显示文摘Early Yanshanian(Jurassic) granitoids are widespread in the Nanling Range,South China.Whereas large granitic batholiths commonly crop out in the center of the Nanling Range(corresponding geographically to the central and northern parts of Guangdong Province),many small stocks occur in the southern part of Jiangxi Province.Most of the small stocks are associated closely with economically significant rare-metal deposits(W,Sn,Nb,Ta).Here we report the results for biotite granites and two-mica granites from three Yanshanian stocks of the Longyuanba complex.LA-ICPMS U-Pb dating of zircon yields an age of 156.1±2.1 Ma for Xiaomubei biotite granite,and U-Pb zircon dating using SIMS yields an age of 156.7±1.2 Ma for Longyuanba-Chengjiang biotite granite and 156.4±1.3 Ma for Jiangtoudong two-mica granite.Biotite granites are silica-rich(SiO 2 =70%-79%),potassic(K 2 O/Na 2 O>1.9),and peraluminous(ASI=1.05-1.33).Associated samples are invariably enriched in Rb,Th,Pb and LREE,yet depleted in Ba,Nb,Sr,P and Ti,and their REE pattern shows a large fractionation between LREE and HREE((La/Yb) N =10.7-13.5) and a pronounced Eu negative anomaly(δEu=0.28-0.41).Two-mica granite samples are also silica-rich(SiO 2 =75%-79%),potassic(K 2 O/Na 2 O>1.2),and peraluminous(ASI=1.09-1.17).However,in contrast to the biotite granites,they are more enriched in Rb,Th,Pb and extremely depleted in Ba,Nb,Sr,P and Ti,and exhibit nearly flat((La/Yb) N =0.75-1.08) chondrite-normalized REE patterns characterized by strong Eu depletion(δEu=0.02-0.04) and clear tetrad effect(TE 1.3 =1.10-1.14).Biotite granites and two-mica granties have comparable Nd isotopic signatures,and their εNd(t) are concentrated in the 13.0 to 9.6 and 11.5 to 7.7 respectively.Their zircon Hf-O isotopes of both also show similarity(biotite granites:εHf(t)= 10.8-7.9,δ 18 O=7.98‰-8.89‰ and εHf(t)= 13.8 to 9.1,δ 18 O=8.31‰-10.08‰;two-mica granites:εHf(t)= 11.3 to 8.0,δ 18 O=7.91‰-9.77‰).The results show that both biotite and two-mica granites were derived mainly from sedimentary source rocks with a minor contribution from mantle-derived materials.In spite of some S-type characteristics,the biotite granites were formed by fractional crystallization of I-type magma and assimilation of peraluminous sedimentary rocks during their ascent to the surface.Therefore,they belong to highly fractionated I-type granites.Two-mica granites exhibit a tetrad effect in their REE patterns,but share the same isotopic features with the biotite granites,suggesting that they are highly fractionated I-type granites as well.Their Lanthanide tetrad effects may be attributed to the hydrothermal alteration by magmatic fluids that have suffered degassing at late stages.Granitic magmas undergoing fractional crystallization and wall-rock assilimation can generate highly evolved granites with no REE tetrad effect in the uni-phase system.However,in the late-stage of magmatic evolution in the multi-phase system(i.e.,magmatic-hydrothermal system),these magmas also can lead to the highly evolved granites exhibiting mew-shaped REE pattern characterized by tetrad effect as the consequence of melt-fluid and fluid-vapor fractionation,and the resultant autometasomatism.We thus suggest that the REE pattern exhibiting tetrad effect feature is an important indicator of rare metal mineralization in the early Yanshanian time in southern China,implying the metamorphism of the ore fluid. | TAO JiHua LI WuXian LI XianHua CEN Tao | 2013 | Science China Earth Sciences2013，56，6： | 26 |
| 5 | Size distribution, characteristics and sources of heavy metals in haze episod in Beijing显示文摘Size segragated samples were collected during high polluted winter haze days in 2006 in Beijing, China. Twenty nine elements and 9 water soluble ions were determined. Heavy metals of Zn, Pb, Mn, Cu, As, Cr, Ni, V and Cd were deeply studied considering their toxic efect on human being. Among these heavy metals, the levels of Mn, As and Cd exceeded the reference values of National Ambient Air Quality Standard(GB3095-2012) and guidelines of World Health Organization. By estimation, high percentage of atmospheric heavy metals in PM2.5indicates it is an efective way to control atmospheric heavy metals by PM2.5controlling. Pb, Cd, and Zn show mostly in accumulation mode, V, Mn and Cu exist mostly in both coarse and accumulation modes, and Ni and Cr exist in all of the three modes. Considering the health efect, the breakthrough rates of atmospheric heavy metals into pulmonary alveoli are: Pb(62.1%) > As(58.1%) > Cd(57.9%) > Zn(57.7%) > Cu(55.8%) > Ni(53.5%) > Cr(52.2%) > Mn(49.2%) > V(43.5%). Positive matrix factorization method was applied for source apportionment of studied heavy metals combined with some marker elements and ions such as K, As, SO4 2 etc., and four factors(dust, vehicle, aged and transportation, unknown) are identified and the size distribution contribution of them to atmospheric heavy metals are discussed. | Jingchun Duan Jihua Tan Jiming Hao Fahe Chai | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，1： | 26 |
| 6 | Influence of moderate pre-oxidation treatment on the physical, chemical and phosphate adsorption properties of iron-containing activated carbon显示文摘A novel adsorbent based on iron oxide dispersed over activated carbon(AC) were prepared, and used for phosphate removal from aqueous solutions. The influence of pre-oxidation treatment on the physical, chemical and phosphate adsorption properties of iron-containing AC were determined. Two series of ACs, non-oxidized and oxidized carbon modified by iron(denoted as AC-Fe and AC/OFe), resulted in a maximum impregnated iron of 4.03% and 7.56%, respectively. AC/O-Fe showed 34.0%–46.6% higher phosphate removal efficiency than the AC-Fe did. This was first attributed to the moderate pre-oxidation of raw AC by nitric acid, achieved by dosing Fe(II) after a pre-oxidation, to obtain higher iron loading, which is favorable for phosphate adsorption. Additionally, the in-situ formed active site on the surface of carbon, which was derived from the oxidation of Fe(II) by nitric acid dominated the remarkably high efficiency with respect to the removal of phosphate. The activation energy for adsorption was calculated to be 10.53 and 18.88 kJ/mol for AC-Fe and AC/OFe, respectively. The results showed that the surface mass transfer and intra-particle diffusion were simultaneously occurring during the process and contribute to the adsorption mechanism. | Zhengfang Wang Mo Shi Jihua Li Zheng Zheng | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，3： | 24 |
| 7 | Ulva prolifera green-tide outbreaks and their environmental impact in the Yellow Sea, China显示文摘The Ulva prolifera green tides in the Yellow Sea, China, which have been occurring since 2007, are a serious environmental problem attracting worldwide attention. Despite extensive research, the outbreak mechanisms have not been fully understood. Comprehensive analysis of anthropogenic and natural biotic and abiotic factors reveals that human activities, regional physicochemical conditions and algal physiological characteristics as well as ocean warming and biological interactions(with microorganism or other macroalgae) are closely related to the occurrence of green tides. Dynamics of these factors and their interactions could explain why green tides suddenly occurred in 2007 and decreased abruptly in 2017.Moreover, the consequence of green tides is serious. The decay of macroalgal biomass could result in hypoxia and acidification, possibly induce red tide and even have a long-lasting impact on coastal carbon cycles and the ecosystem. Accordingly, corresponding countermeasures have been proposed in our study for future reference in ecosystem management strategies and sustainable development policy. | Yongyu Zhang Peimin He Hongmei Li Gang Li Jihua Liu Fanglue Jiao Jianheng Zhang Yuanzi Huo Xiaoyong Shi Rongguo Su Naihao Ye Dongyan Liu Rencheng Yu Zongling Wang Mingjiang Zhou Nianzhi Jiao | 2019 | National Science Review2019，6，4： | 17 |
| 8 | Eddy covariance measurements of water vapor and CO_2 fluxes above the Erhai Lake显示文摘Measurement of turbulence fluxes were performed over the Erhai Lake using eddy covariance(EC) method.Basic physical parameters in the lake-air interaction processes,such as surface albedo of the lake,aerodynamic roughness length,bulk transfer coefficients,etc.,were investigated using the EC data in 2012.The characteristics of turbulence fluxes over the lake including momentum flux,sensible heat flux,latent heat flux,and CO2 flux,and their controlling factors were analyzed.The total annual evaporation of the lake was also estimated based on the artificial neural network(ANN) gap-filling technique.Results showed that the total annual evaporation in 2012 was 1165 ± 15 mm,which was larger than the annual precipitation(818 mm).Local circulation between the lake and the surrounding land was found to be significant throughout the year due to the land-lake breeze or the mountain-valley breeze in this area.The prevailing winds of southeasterly and northwesterly were observed throughout the year.The sensible heat flux over this plateau lake usually had a few tens of W m-2,and generally became negative in the afternoon,indicating that heat was transferred from the lake to the atmosphere.The sensible heat flux was governed by the lake-air temperature difference and had its maximum in the early morning.The diurnal variation of the latent heat flux was controlled by vapor pressure deficit with a peak in the afternoon.The latent heat flux was dominant in the partition of available energy in daytime over this lake.The lake acted as a weak CO2 source to the atmosphere except for the midday of summer.Seasonal variations of surface albedo over the lake were related to the solar elevation angle and opacity of the water.Furthermore,compared with the observation data,the surface albedo estimated by CLM4-LISSS model was underestimated in winter and overestimated in summer. | LIU HuiZhi FENG JianWu SUN JiHua WANG Lei XU AnLun | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，3： | 15 |
| 9 | Advances in the understanding of inter-subspecific hybrid sterility and wide-compatibility in rice显示文摘Hybrid sterility is a major form of postzygotic reproductive isolation and frequently occurs in hybrids between divergent populations, such as the indica and japonica subspecies of Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.). It has been a major barrier for utilization of the strong heterosis expressed in hybrids between indica and japonica. A large number of loci for rice inter-subspecific hybrid sterility have been identified by genetic analysis. Cytological studies revealed that male and female gamete abortions and reduced affinity between the uniting gametes all occurred in indica-japonica hybrids, suggesting the complexity of the causes for inter-subspecific hybrid sterility. Two genes conditioning embryo-sac and pollen sterility respectively in indica-japonica hybrids have been cloned recently, providing opportunities for molecular characterization of the indica-japonica hybrid sterility and wide-compatibility. Future studies should aim at cloning more genes for indica-japonica hybrid sterility, characterizing the underlying molecular mechanism, and utilization of the findings for the development of inter-subspecific hybrids to increase rice productivity. | OUYANG YiDan CHEN JiongJiong DING JiHua ZHANG QiFa | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，14： | 14 |
| 10 | Dihydromyricetin improves type 2 diabetes- induced cognitive impairment via suppressing oxidative stress and enhancing brain-derived neurotrophic factor-mediated neuroprotection in mice显示文摘类型 2 糖尿病 mellitus (T2DM ) 导致认知缺陷(CI ) ,但是为在 T2DM 的认知机能障碍没有有效 pharmacotherapies 或药。Dihydromyricetin (DHM ) 是从白蔹属 grossedentata 的叶子提取的自然 flavonoid 混合物并且包括抗氧化剂和反糖尿病有各种各样的药理学效果。因此,我们在 T2DM 老鼠模型和它的可能的机制在 CI 上调查了 DHM 的效果。导致 T2DM,老鼠用高糖、高脂肪的饮食被喂 8 个星期,由低剂量 streptozotocin (STZ ) 列在后面管理。在 T2DM 鼠标模型的成功的正式就职以后,鼠标与相等的体积分别地被对待盐(T2DM 组) , 125 mg/kg/d DHM (L-DHM 组) ,或 250 mg/kg/d DHM (H-DHM 组) 。在 16 星期 DHM 管理以后,身体重量(BW ) , fasting 血葡萄糖,血类脂化合物, intraperitoneal 葡萄糖忍耐(IPGT ) ,和认知功能是坚定的。然后,在在马头鱼尾的怪兽的氧化压力标记和导出大脑的神经营养的因素(BDNF ) 的表情的改变被调查。我们的调查结果证明 DHM 能显著地改善在 T2DM 老鼠的 CI 和反向的异常葡萄糖和类脂化合物新陈代谢,通过调停 BDNF 的 neuroprotection 的氧化应力和改进的抑制可能。在结论,我们的结果建议 DHM 是导致 T2DM 的认知机能障碍的处理的一个有希望的候选人。 | Hongyan Ling Zemei Zhu Jihua Yang Jianqin He Sisi Yang Di Wu Shuidong Feng Duanfang Liao | 2018 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2018，50，3： | 14 |
| 11 | Microstructure and wear resistance of PTA clad Cr_7C_3/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating显示文摘A 穿抵抗 Cr 7 C 3/γ-Fe 合金陶瓷合成涂层在变硬和 tempering C 度钢 by6 PTA 的底层上被制作(转移的血浆是) cladding 与(wt%) Fe-25Cr-7C 元素的粉末相配。涂层的微观结构被 OM, SEM, XRD 和版本描绘穿涂层的抵抗在干燥滑动下面被测试在房间温度穿状况。结果显示合成涂层有的 PTA 穿着的合金陶瓷由 Cr 7 C 3 主要粒子一致地在 γ-Fe 矩阵散布了,冶金学的联盟者被结合到 C 度钢底层。PTA 穿着的 Cr 7 C 3/Fe ceremal 合成涂层有高坚硬并且优秀在干燥滑动下面穿抵抗穿测试条件。优秀穿 Cr 7 C 3/γ-Fe ceremal 合成涂层被归因于涂层的高坚硬。 | LIU Junbo WANG Limei HUANG Jihua | 2006 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2006，16，8： | 13 |
| 12 | Microbes mediated comprehensive carbon sequestration for negative emissions in the ocean显示文摘The crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic is warning of a more profound crisis—climate change.Since the Industrial Revolution,anthropogenic activities,such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation,have led to a significant increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration,exacerbating climate change and causing ecosystem imbalances^abrupt ecosystem successions and serious ecological disasters,which will finally threaten the sustainable development of human society. | Nianzhi Jiao Jihua Liu Fanglue Jiao Quanrui Chen Xiaoxue Wang | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，12： | 13 |
| 13 | The determination of 52 elements in marine geological samples by an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with a high-pressure closed digestion method显示文摘An improved analytical method to determine the content of 52 major, minor and trace elements in marine geological samples, using a HF-HCl-HNO_3 acid system with a high-pressure closed digestion method(HPCD), is studied by an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry(ICP-OES) and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS). The operating parameters of the instruments are optimized, and the optimal analytical parameters are determined. The influences of optical spectrum and mass spectrum interferences, digestion methods and acid systems on the analytical results are investigated. The optimal spectral lines and isotopes are chosen, and internal standard element of rhodium is selected to compensate for matrix effects and analytical signals drifting. Compared with the methods of an electric heating plate digestion and a microwave digestion, a high-pressure closed digestion method is optimized with less acid, complete digestion,less damage for digestion process. The marine geological samples are dissolved completely by a HF-HCl-HNO_3 system, the relative error(RE) for the analytical results are all less than 6.0%. The method detection limits are 2–40μg/g by the ICP-OES, and 6–80 ng/g by ICP-MS. The methods are used to determine the marine sediment reference materials(GBW07309, GBW07311, GBW07313), rock reference materials(GBW07103, GBW07104,GBW07105), and cobalt-rich crust reference materials(GBW07337, GBW07338, GBW07339), the obtained analytical results are in agreement with the certified values, and both of the relative standard deviation(RSD) and the relative error(RE) are less than 6.0%. The analytical method meets the requirements for determining 52 elements contents of bulk marine geological samples. | GAO Jingjing LIU Jihua LI Xianguo YAN Quanshu WANG Xiaojing WANG Hongmin | 2017 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2017，36，1： | 13 |
| 14 | Carbon pools and fluxes in the China Seas and adjacent oceans显示文摘The China Seas include the South China Sea, East China Sea, Yellow Sea, and Bohai Sea. Located off the Northwestern Pacific margin, covering 4700000 km^2 from tropical to northern temperate zones, and including a variety of continental margins/basins and depths, the China Seas provide typical cases for carbon budget studies. The South China Sea being a deep basin and part of the Western Pacific Warm Pool is characterized by oceanic features; the East China Sea with a wide continental shelf, enormous terrestrial discharges and open margins to the West Pacific, is featured by strong cross-shelf materials transport; the Yellow Sea is featured by the confluence of cold and warm waters; and the Bohai Sea is a shallow semiclosed gulf with strong impacts of human activities. Three large rivers, the Yangtze River, Yellow River, and Pearl River, flow into the East China Sea, the Bohai Sea, and the South China Sea, respectively. The Kuroshio Current at the outer margin of the Chinese continental shelf is one of the two major western boundary currents of the world oceans and its strength and position directly affect the regional climate of China. These characteristics make the China Seas a typical case of marginal seas to study carbon storage and fluxes. This paper systematically analyzes the literature data on the carbon pools and fluxes of the Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea, including different interfaces(land-sea, sea-air, sediment-water, and marginal sea-open ocean) and different ecosystems(mangroves, wetland, seagrass beds, macroalgae mariculture, coral reefs, euphotic zones, and water column). Among the four seas, the Bohai Sea and South China Sea are acting as CO_2 sources, releasing about0.22 and 13.86–33.60 Tg C yr^(-1) into the atmosphere, respectively, whereas the Yellow Sea and East China Sea are acting as carbon sinks, absorbing about 1.15 and 6.92–23.30 Tg C yr^(-1) of atmospheric CO_2, respectively. Overall, if only the CO_2 exchange at the sea-air interface is considered, the Chinese marginal seas appear to be a source of atmospheric CO_2, with a net release of 6.01–9.33 Tg C yr^(-1), mainly from the inputs of rivers and adjacent oceans. The riverine dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) input into the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea are 5.04, 14.60, and 40.14 Tg C yr^(-1),respectively. The DIC input from adjacent oceans is as high as 144.81 Tg C yr^(-1), significantly exceeding the carbon released from the seas to the atmosphere. In terms of output, the depositional fluxes of organic carbon in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea are 2.00, 3.60, 7.40, and 5.92 Tg C yr^(-1), respectively. The fluxes of organic carbon from the East China Sea and South China Sea to the adjacent oceans are 15.25–36.70 and 43.93 Tg C yr^(-1), respectively. The annual carbon storage of mangroves, wetlands, and seagrass in Chinese coastal waters is 0.36–1.75 Tg C yr^(-1), with a dissolved organic carbon(DOC) output from seagrass beds of up to 0.59 Tg C yr^(-1). Removable organic carbon flux by Chinese macroalgae mariculture account for 0.68 Tg C yr^(-1) and the associated POC depositional and DOC releasing fluxes are 0.14 and 0.82 Tg C yr^(-1), respectively. Thus, in total, the annual output of organic carbon, which is mainly DOC, in the China Seas is 81.72–104.56 Tg C yr^(-1). The DOC efflux from the East China Sea to the adjacent oceans is 15.00–35.00 Tg C yr^(-1). The DOC efflux from the South China Sea is 31.39 Tg C yr^(-1). Although the marginal China Seas seem to be a source of atmospheric CO_2 based on the CO_2 flux at the sea-air interface, the combined effects of the riverine input in the area, oceanic input, depositional export,and microbial carbon pump(DOC conversion and output) indicate that the China Seas represent an important carbon storage area. | Nianzhi JIAO Yantao LIANG Yongyu ZHANG Jihua LIU Yao ZHANG Rui ZHANG Meixun ZHAO Minhan DAI Weidong ZHAI Kunshan GAO Jinming SONG Dongliang YUAN Chao LI Guanghui LIN Xiaoping HUANG Hongqiang YAN Limin HU Zenghu ZHANG Long WANG Chunjie CAO Yawei LUO Tingwei LUO Nannan WANG Hongyue DANG Dongxiao WANG Si ZHANG | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，11： | 12 |
| 15 | The Efficacy of High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer显示文摘OBJECTIVE To observe the efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in the treatment of late-stage pancreatic cancer. METHODS Sixteen patients with advanced pancreatic cancer received HIFU therapy.Evaluation of efficacy was made on the basis of changes in clinical symptoms and variations in the tumor echo and size. RESULTS Clinical symptoms such as pain were significantly alleviated,echo of the tumor was enhanced with B-US and the quality of life such as eating,sleeping and mental status was markedly improved;no serious complications were observed. CONCLUSION The use of HIFU in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer is feasible and safe.It is effective in killing the carcinoma cells and alleviating pain.This technique may offer non-invasive therapy for the treatment of patients with late-stage pancreatic cancer. | Bo Xie Jiajun Ling Weiming Zhang Xueqin Huang Jihua Zhen Yanzhe Huang | 2008 | Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology2008，5，3： | 12 |
| 16 | Gas-to-particle conversion of atmospheric ammonia and sampling artifacts of ammonium in spring of Beijing显示文摘PM2.5 and gaseous pollutants(SO2,HNO2,HNO3,HCl,and NH3) were simultaneously collected by Partisol- Model 2300 Sequential Speciation Sampler with denuder-filter pack system in the spring of 2013 in Beijing.Water-soluble inorganic ions and gaseous pollutants were measured by Ion Chromatography.Results showed that the concentrations of NH3,NH+ 4and PM2.5 had similar diurnal variation trends and their concentrations were higher at night than in daytime.The results of gas-to-particle conversion revealed that [NH3]:[NH+4] ratio was usually higher than 1; however,it was less than 1 and the concentration of NH+4 increased significantly during the haze episode,indicating that NH3 played an important role in the formation of fine particle.Research on the sampling artifacts suggested that the volatilization loss of NH+4 was prevalent in the traditional single filter-based sampling.The excess loss of HNO3 and HCl resulted from ammonium-poor aerosols and semivolatile inorganic species had severe losses in the clean day,whereas the mass of NH+ 4was usually overestimated during the single filter-based sampling due to the positive artifacts.Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the influence of meteorological conditions on the volatilization loss of NH+4.It was found that the average relative humidity and temperature had great effects on the loss of NH+4.The loss of NH+4 was significantly under high temperature and low humidity,and tended to increase with the increasing of absorption of gaseous pollutants by denuder.The total mass of volatile loss of NH+4,NO- 3and Cl- could not be ignored and its maximum value was 12.17 μg m-3.Therefore it is important to compensate sampling artifacts for semivolatile inorganic species. | WEI LianFang DUAN JingChun TAN JiHua MA YongLiang HE KeBin WANG ShuXiao HUANG XiaoFeng ZHANG YuanXun | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，3： | 11 |
| 17 | Unveiling the enigma of refractory carbon in the ocean显示文摘INTRODUCTION The ocean holds a tremendous reservoir of refractory dissolved organic carbon (RDOC)that plays an important role in carbon cycling and climate change [1].However,the origin of the RDOC has been an enigma for half a century. This perspective is to address why the enigma deserves scientific efforts and illustrate a robust scheme--the Microbial Carbon Pump (MCP)-to unveil the enigma from molecular to ecosystem levels,Through generation of intrinsic RDOC (RDOCt)under specific biotic and abiotic environmental conditions,as well as through derivation of diverse organic molecules at extremely low concentrations (RDOCc). | Nianzhi Jiao Ruanhong Cai Qiang Zheng Kai Tang Jihua Liu Fanglue Jiao Douglas Wallace Feng Chen Chao Li Rudolf Amann Ronald Benner Farooq Azam | 2018 | National Science Review2018，5，4： | 10 |
| 18 | A New Process for Preparing Fine-ceramic-containing Composite Coatings──Flame Spray Synthesis显示文摘Flame spray synthesis (FSS), a combination of the flame spray technology and Self-propagation High-temperature Synthesis (SHS) was developed for preparing fine-ceramic-containing composite coatings. It can simplify the preparations of powder to synthesize and deposit the desired materials in one step. The preliminary results obtained from TiC-Fe cermet coatings by FSS process are reported. The peculiar microstructure of the composite coatings, which contains very fine (<1m) and round TiC and alternate TiC-rich (Hv=11€*13GPa) and TiC-poor layers (Hv=3.0 -6.0GPa), is expected to play an important role in their tribological properties. | Changsong Liu, Jihua Huang, Sheng Yin (Material Science and Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China) | 2000 | International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials2000，14，3： | 9 |
| 19 | PTA clad (Cr,Fe)_7C_3/γ-Fe in situ ceramal composite coating显示文摘A wear-resistant (Cr, Fe)7C3/γ-Fe in situ ceramal composite coating was fabricated on the substrate of 0.45wt%C carbon steel by a plasma-transferred arc cladding process using the Fe-Cr-C elemental powder blends. The microstructure, microhardness, and dry-sliding wear resistance of the coating were evaluated. The results indicate that the microstructure of the coating, which was composed of (Cr, Fe)7C3 primary phase uniformly distributed in the γ-Fe, and the (Cr, Fe)7C3 eutectic matrix was metallurgically bonded to the 0.45wt%C carbon steel substrate. From substrate to coating, the microstructure of the coating exhibited an evident epitaxial growth character. The coating, indehiscent and tack-free, had high hardness and appropriate gradient. It had excellent wear resistance under the dry sliding wear test condition. | Junbo Liu Limei Wang Jihua Huang | 2006 | Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing2006，13，6： | 9 |
| 20 | Sedimentary Characteristics and Model of Gravity Flow Depositional System for the First Member of Upper Miocene Huangliu Formation in Dongfang Area, Yinggehai Basin, Northwestern South China Sea显示文摘The gravity flow deposit were mainly developed in the lowstand systems tract(LST) of the first member of Upper Miocene Huangliu Formation(Ehl1) in Dongfang area, Yinggehai Basin, has become a valuable target for gas exploration and production. The gravity flow sedimentary characteristics of lithofacies associations, sedimentary texture, seismic facies and logging facies were described in detail on the basis of integrated analysis of cores, logging and seismic data. The sedimentary microfacies types composed of neritic sandbar, continental shelf mud, main channel, bifurcated or cross-cutting distributary channel, overspill, and natural levee are revealed under the constraint of high resolution sequence stratigraphic framework in the Ehl1. The gravity flow deposit system in the LST is divided into three evolution stages corresponding to periods of three parasequence sets. The gravity flow deposit was induced in the early LST, expanded rapidly in the middle LST and decreased slightly in the late LST. But its developing scale decreased sharply in the transgression systems tract(TST) and finally vanished in the highstand systems tract(HST). This spatial evolution rule is constrained by the integrated function of sediments supply of the Vietnam Blue River in the LST, the development of local gradient change in sea floor(micro-topography, i.e., flexure slope break), and the fall in relative sea level. On the basics of the deep study of the coupling relationship among the three main control factors, the sedimentary model is established as an optimal component of 'source-channel-sink' for shallow marine turbidite submarine fan. | Ming Sun Hua Wang Jihua Liao Huajun Gan Jun Xiao Jinfeng Ren Shu'e Zhao | 2014 | Journal of Earth Science2014，25，3： | 9 |
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