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| 1 | Spatial differences in rock uplift rates inferred from channel steepness indices along the northern flank of the Qilian Mountain,northeast Tibetan Plateau显示文摘The rate and distribution of deformation along the Qilian Mountain,on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau,is needed to understand the evolution of high topography associated with the plateau.Recently,a number of empirical studies have provided support for the contention,common to most models of fluvial incision,that rock uplift rate exerts a first-order control on the gradient of longitudinal river profiles.Along the northern Qilian Mountain,this method is used to extract information about the spatial patterns of differential rock uplift.Analysis of the longitudinal profiles of bedrock channels reveals systematic differences in the channel steepness index along the trend of the frontal ranges.Local comparisons of channel steepness reveal that lithology and precipitation have limited influence on channel steepness.Similarly,there is little evidence suggesting that channel steepness is influenced by differences in the sediment loads.We argue that the distribution of channel steepness in the Qilian Mountain is mostly the result of differential rates of rock uplift.Thus,channel steepness indices reveal a lower rock uplift rate in the eastern portion of the Qilian Mountain and a higher rate in the middle and west.The highest rates appear to occur in the middle-west portions of the range,just to the west of the Yumu Shan. | HU XlaoFei PAN BaoTian KIRBY Eric LI QingYang GENG HaoPeng CHEN JiFeng | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，27： | 35 |
| 2 | Paleomagnetic dating of the Jiuquan Gravel in the Hexi Corridor:Implication on mid-Pleistocene uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau显示文摘The sediments in the foreland basins around the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau preserved crucial information to reveal its tectonic history. In the Hexi Corridor, north periphery of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, the angular unconformity between the Jiuquan Gravel and the Yumen Conglomerate has been well known to represent an intensive tectonic event of the plateau. However, its age is poorly constrained. Our paleomagnetic dating at the Laojunmiao section in the Jiuxi Basin show that the bottom of the Jiuquan Gravel reaches 0.84 MaBP, the top of the Yumen Conglomerate is about 0.93 MaBP. This result clearly demonstrates that the northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau experienced an intensive movement at mid-Pleistocene. | ZHAO Zhijun FANG Xiaomin LI Jijun PAN Baotian YAN Maodu SHI Zhengtao | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，23： | 23 |
| 3 | Age and genesis of the Shagou River terraces in eastern Qi-lian Mountains显示文摘The fluvial terrace sequence in eastern Qilian Mountains is a record of periodic uplift events of the Tibetan Plateau. Based on paleomagnetic dating, thermolumines-cence dating, radio carbon dating and loess-paleosol sequence on terraces, we preliminarily determine the ages of five major terraces of the Shagou River, northern side of the Qilian Mountains. The ages of five terraces were about 830, 418, 250,140 and 10 ka, respectively. Analysis on characteristics of terraces show that five major terraces were mainly tectonic genesis. Therefore, five major terraces recorded five strong rising events in the Qilian Mountains during the past 830 ka. The ages of those rising events are about the same as those terraces formation. Sub-terraces, constituting a main terrace, were perhaps mainly formed by climatic changes. | PAN Baotian WU Guangjian WANG Yixiang LIU Zhigang GUAN Qingyu | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，6： | 18 |
| 4 | Late Quaternary glacial chronology on the eastern slope of Gongga Mountain,eastern Tibetan Plateau,China显示文摘The Gongga Mountain is the largest area of modern glaciation in the Hengduan Mountains and,with a summit elevation of 7556 m,is the highest mountain on the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.During the Quaternary glacial-interglacial cycles the Gongga Mountain was extensively and repeatedly glaciated,and glacial landforms and outwash deposits from multiple glaciations are well-preserved in valleys,in basins,and on piedmonts.To constrain the glacial chronology of the eastern slope of Gongga Mountain,sample sites were selected based on the distribution and weathering of glacial tills,relationships among glacial deposits,and soil development on moraines.Dating of the tills and glaciofluvial deposits was undertaken with electron spin resonance(ESR) and optically stimulated luminescence(OSL).The ages of the glacial deposits can be divided into four clusters:2.2±0.5,11.9±0.6,35.9±2.7-58.0±6.3 and 119.2±15.9-194.2±32.8 ka.Five glacial advances in this region have been identified,which are equivalent in age to the Little Ice Age(LIA),Neoglaciation,marine oxygen isotope stage(MIS) 2,mid-MIS3,and MIS6.The largest local last glacial maximum(LGML) occurred on Gongga Mountain during mid-MIS3,characterized by a cold-humid climate,rather than the global Last Glacial Maximum(LGMG) of MIS2.The Gongga,Nanmenguangou(NMGG) and Yajiageng Glaciations occurred during the late part of the last glacial cycle,the middle of the last glacial cycle and the penultimate glacial cycle,respectively.On the basis of geomorphological,sedimentological,and compositional characteristics,landforms of the Moxi Platform and terraces can be grouped by facies and geochronology.In combination with the dating results,this analysis indicates the basal part of the Moxi Platform between Xinxin and the Moxi Hotel is correlative with the till of the Nanguanmen Glaciation(mid-MIS3).This basal unit has occasional lenses of glaciofluvial sandy gravel and lacustrine sediments.The remainder of the Moxi Platform and the terraces beside the platform are glaciofluvial deposits occasionally mixed with debris flow deposits and range in age from MIS3 to Holocene. | WANG Jie PAN BaoTian ZHANG GuoLiang CUI Hang CAO Bo GENG HaoPeng | 2013 | Science China Earth Sciences2013，56，3： | 11 |
| 5 | Fluvial terraces and their implications for Weihe River valley evolution in the Sanyangchuan Basin显示文摘Fluvial terraces are important geomorphic markers for modern valley development.When coupled with numeric ages,terraces can provide abundant information about tectonic,climatic,paleohydrological and the paleoenvironmental changes.On the basis of the paleomagnetic,electron spin resonance(ESR) and optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) dating,in addition to an investigation of local loess-paleosol sequences,we confirmed that 13 fluvial terraces were formed,and then preserved,along the course of the Upper Weihe River in the Sanyangchuan Basin over the past 1.2 Ma.Analyses of the characteristics and genesis of these terraces indicate that they resulted from the response of this particular river system to climate change over an orbital scale.These changes can further be placed within the context of local and regional tectonic uplift,and represent an alternation between lateral migration and vertical incision,dependent upon the predominance of climatic and tectonic controls during different periods.Most of the terraces are strikingly similar in that they have several meters of paleosols which have developed directly on top of fluvial deposits located on the terrace treads,suggesting that the abandonment of terraces due to river incision occurred during the transitions from glacial to interglacial climates.The temporal and spatial differences in the distribution patterns of terraces located on either side of the river valley indicate that a tectonic inversion occurred in Sanyangchuan Basin at-0.62 Ma,and that this was characterized by a transition from overall uplift to depression induced by fault activity.Synthesized studies of the Basin's terraces indicate that formation of the modern valley of the Upper Weihe River may have begun in the late Early Pleistocene between1.4-1.2 Ma. | GAO HongShan LI ZongMeng LIU XiaoFeng PAN BaoTian WU YaJie LIU FenLiang | 2017 | Science China Earth Sciences2017，60，3： | 9 |
| 6 | Terrace dating as an archive of the run-through of the Sanmen Gorges显示文摘Analysis of morphological properties in the Sanmen Gorges region of the Yellow River shows that four river terraces have been developed at the entrance to the gorges. Commonly, thick aeolian loess-paleosol sequence was deposited on the terraces, which makes it easy to date the terraces. The dating of paleomagnetic, loess-paleosol sequence matching and thermoluminescence show that terraces T2, T3 and T4 were formed 0. 129 Ma, 0. 625 Ma and 0. 865 Ma ago, respectively. The formation of these terraces in this region indicates that the Yellow River has experienced four intensive downcutting events during the last 0.9 Ma. The Yellow River cut through the Sanmen Gorges and inpoured into the East China Sea no later than 0. 865 Ma. | PAN Baotian WANG Junping GAO Hongshan CHEN Yingying LI Jijun LIU Xiaofeng | 2005 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2005，15，12： | 9 |
| 7 | Quantitative analysis of planation surfaces of the upper Yangtze River in the Sichuan-Yunnan Region, Southwest China显示文摘Identification of the planation surfaces (PSs)is key for utilizing them as a reference in studying the long- term geomorphological evolution of the Upper Yangtze River Basin in the Sichuan-Yurman region,Southwest China.Using a combined method of DEM-based fuzzy logic and topographic and fiver profiles analysis and based on a comprehensive analysis of four morphometfic parameters:slope,curvature,terrain raggedness index, and relative height,we established the relevant fuzzy membership functions,and then calculated the membership degree (MD)of the study area.Results show that patches with a MD>80% and an area>0.4 km^2 correspond well to the results of Google Earth and field investigation,representing the PS remnants.They consist of 1764 patches with an altitude,area,mean slope,and relief of mostly 2000-2500 m above sea level (asl),0-10 km^2,4°-9°,0-500 m,respectively,covering 9.2% of the study area's landscape,dipping to southeast,decreasing progressively from northwest to southeast in altitude,and with no clear relation between each patch's altitude and slope,or relief.All these results indicate that they are remnants of once regionally continuous PSs which were deformed by both the lower crust flow and the faults in upper crust,and dissected by the network of Upper Yangtze River.Additionally,topographic and river profiles analysis show that three PSs (PS1-PS3)well developed along the main valleys in the Yongren-Huili region, indicating several phases of uplift then planation during the Late Cenozoic era.Based on the incision amount deduced from projection of relict river profiles on PSs, together with erosion rates,breakup times of the PS 1,PS2,and PS3 were estimated to be 3.47 Ma,2.19 Ma,and 1.45 Ma,respectively,indicating appearance of modem Upper Yangtze River valley started between the Pliocene to early Pleistocene. | Fenliang LIU Hongshan GAO Baotian PAN Zongmeng LI Huai SU | 2019 | Frontiers of Earth Science2019，13，1： | 7 |
| 8 | Discovery of a 1.0 Ma Yellow River terrace and redating of the fourth Yellow River terrace in Lanzhou area显示文摘基于在平台上标明日期的风神的黄土 sequence-stratigraphic 部门和 paleomagnetic,我们与在 Dunwashan 平台和 Wuyishan 梯田之间的 1.0 个妈 BP 谎言的年龄发现那一个未被发现的平台。这在那个时期期间记录了一个集中的黄河切口事件。paeomagnetic 标明日期和在第四个黄河平台(T4 ) 上 Wuyishan 黄土节和 Zaoshugou 黄土节标明日期的光学地刺激的光(OSL ) 的结果证明在 Lanzhou 区域的第四个黄河平台的年龄是在 Lanzhou 区域的 0.86 妈梯田。1.0 妈黄河平台的发现和在 Lanzhou 区域的 0.6 妈梯田的年龄的红 ating 提供新卓见进关于黄河的进化的进一步的研究。 | PAN Baotian SU Huai HU Chunsheng HU Xiaofei ZHOU Tian LI Jijun | 2007 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2007，17，2： | 7 |
| 9 | Dating and genesis of the upper Weihe River terraces in Longxi basin,China显示文摘Seven terraces along the Weihe River in Longxi basin have been investigated. These terraces all consist of archetypal duality in structure, namely the floodplain deposits and the layer of gravels overlaid by varying thickness of the loess. By resorting to various dating approaches such as palaeomagnetic, optically stimulated luminescenece (OSL), 14C and loess-paleosol sequence, we provide preliminary timing of these seven terraces along upper Weihe River. Analysis on sedimentation characteristics and dating of these terraces showed that seven terraces may be jointly generated by tectonic uplifts and climatic changes. Tectonic uplifts may accommodate initial river incision, and climatic change may be responsible for processes of subsequent channel widening and aggradation. Aggradation normally occurs during glacial periods, in contrast to down-cuttings during transitions from glacial to interglacial period. Moreover, on the basis of the timings and heights of these terraces, we infer that the long-term rate of river incision was determined to be 0.2 m/kyr during the last 870 kyr, which differs from other river incision rates. This discrepancy may reflect spatio-temporal differentiation of tectonic activities in the Qinling orogenic belt during the Pleistocene. | Pan Baotian Liu Xiaofeng Gao Hongshan Wang Yong Li Jijun | 2007 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2007，17，11： | 7 |
| 10 | Instability characteristics of the East Asian Monsoon recorded by high-resolution loess sections from the last interglacial (MIS5)显示文摘The selection of high-resolution loess sections is needed in order to determine the climatic variability of the East Asian Monsoon during the last interglacial. Two sequences of S1 on the eastern and west-ern sides of the Liupan Mountain were both composed of five paleosol layers and four loess layers,indicating that there were five strong summer monsoon events and four strong winter monsoon events in MIS5. This corresponds with other records of the East Asian Monsoon,along with NGRIP and the North Atlantic records,implying that the climate of the Northern Hemisphere was very instable during the last interglacial. Two layers of paleosols and one layer of loess had developed during MIS5a and MIS5c. Compared with MIS5e,the climate in MIS5a and MIS5c fluctuated more intensively on a millen-nial scale,whereas the climate was relatively stable in MIS5e. | GUAN QingYu PAN BaoTian GAO HongShan LI BingYuan WANG JunPing SU Huai | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，7： | 5 |
| 11 | Geological and surfacial processes and major disaster effects in the Yellow River Basin显示文摘The Yellow River Basin(YRB) is characterized by active geological and tectonic processes, rapid geomorphological evolution, and distinct climatic diversity. Correspondingly, major disasters in the YRB are characterized by varied types,extensive distributions, and sudden occurrences. In addition, major disasters in the YRB usually evolve into disaster chains that cause severe consequences. Therefore, major disasters in the YRB destroy ecologies and environments and influence geological and ecological safety in the basin. This paper systematically reviews research on geological and surface processes, major disaster effects, and risk mitigation in the YRB, discusses the trends and challenges of relevant research, analyzes the key scientific problems that need to be solved, and suggests prospects for future research based on the earth system science concept. Themes of research that should be focused on include geological, surface and climatic processes in the YRB and their interlinking disaster gestation mechanisms;formation mechanisms and disaster chain evolutions of giant landslides in the upper reach of the YRB;mechanisms and disaster chain effects of loess water-soil disasters in the middle reach of the YRB;occurrence patterns and amplifying effects of giant flood chains in the lower reach of the YRB;and risk mitigations of major disasters in the YRB. Key scientific problems that need to be solved are as follows: how to reveal the geological, surface and climatic processes that are coupled and interlinked with gestation mechanisms of major disasters;how to clarify the mutual feedback effects between major disasters and ecology;and how to develop a human-environmental harmony-based integrated risk mitigation system for major disasters. Prospects for future studies that follow the earth system science concept include the following: highlighting interdisciplinary research to reveal the interlinked disaster gestation mechanisms of the geology, surface and climate in the YRB in the past, present, and future;forming theories to clarify the regional patterns, dynamic mechanisms, and mutual-feedback effects between disaster chains and ecology in the YRB on land and in rivers in the region;solving technological bottlenecks to develop assessment models and mitigation theories for integrated risks in the YRB by following the human-environment harmony concept;and finally, establishing a demonstratable application pattern characterized by 'whole-basin coverage' and 'zonal controls', thereby guaranteeing ecological and geological safety in the basin and providing scientific support for ecological conservation and high-quality development of the YRB. | Hengxing LAN Jianbing PENG Yanbo ZHU Langping LI Baotian PAN Qiangbing HUANG Junhua LI Qiang ZHANG | 2022 | Science China Earth Sciences2022，65，2： | 4 |
| 12 | Dating of e- rosion surface and terraces in the Eastern Qilian Shan, Northwest China显示文摘 | Pan Baotian Gao Hongshan Wu Guangjian | 2007 | Earth SugCace Processes and Landforms2007，32，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Numerical simulation of landscape evolution and mountain uplift history constrain——A case study from the youthful stage mountains around the central Hexi Corridor,NE Tibetan Plateau显示文摘Landscape evolution models(LEMs)are essential tools for analyzing tectonic-climate interactions and reproducing landform-shaping processes.In this study we used a LEM to simulate the evolution of the mountains from the central Hexi Corridor in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau,where the climate is arid and the surface processes are relatively uniform.However,there are pronounced differences in the topography between the mountains around the central Hexi Corridor.The East Jintanan Shan,West Jintanan Shan and Heli Shan are located in the northern part of the corridor;and the Yumu Shan in the southern part.Firstly,several representative areas were selected from these mountains to analyze the topographic characteristics,including the uniform valley spacing,local relief,and the outlet number.Secondly,a LEM for these areas was constructed using the Landlab platform,and the landscape evolution was simulated.With uniform valley spacing and other topographic characteristics as the criteria,we compared the realistic and simulated terrain for different model ages.Finally,based on the similarity of the simulated and realistic terrain,we estimated the timing of the initial uplift and the uplift rate of the four mountain ranges.The results are consistent with previous geological and geomorphological records from these youthful stage mountains that have not yet reached a steady state.Our findings demonstrate that LEMs combined with topographic characteristics are a reliable means of constraining the timing of the initial uplift and the uplift rate of the youthful stage mountain.Our approach can potentially be applied to other youthful stage mountains and it may become a valuable tool in tectonic geomorphology research. | Baotian PAN Shun CAI Haopeng GENG | 2021 | Science China Earth Sciences2021，64，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Distribution features and controls of heavy metals in surface sediments from the riverbed of the Ningxia-Inner Mongolian reaches, Yellow River, China显示文摘 | GUAN Qingyu WANG Lei PAN Baotian | 2016 | Chemosphere2016，144，： | 1 |
| 15 | A 900 ky record of strath terrace formation during glacial-interglacial transitions in northwest China显示文摘 | Pan Baotian Burbank D Wang Yixiang | 2003 | Geology2003，31，11： | 1 |
| 16 | Asian summer monsoon instability during the past 60,000 years: Magnetic susceptibility and pedogenic evidence from the western Chinese Loess Plateau显示文摘 | Fang Xiaomin Ono Y Fukusawa H Pan Baotian Li Jijun Guan Donghong Oi K Tsukamoto S Torii M Mishima T | 1999 | Earth Planet Sci Lett1999，168，34： | 1 |
| 17 | Loess record of climate changes during MIS5 in the Hexi Corridor northwest China 显示文摘 | Guangjian Wu Baotian Pan Qingyu Guan | 2002 | Quaternary Intemational2002，9798，： | 1 |
| 18 | The approximate age of the planation surface and the incision of the Yellow River显示文摘 | Baotian Pan Zhenbo Hu Junping Wang Jef Vandenberghe Xiaofei Hu Yuhua Wen Qiong Li Bo Cao | 2010 | Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology2010，，： | 1 |
| 19 | Land use and cover change and influencing factor analysis in the Shiyang River Basin,China显示文摘Land use and cover change(LUCC)is the most direct manifestation of the interaction between anthropological activities and the natural environment on Earth's surface,with significant impacts on the environment and social economy.Rapid economic development and climate change have resulted in significant changes in land use and cover.The Shiyang River Basin,located in the eastern part of the Hexi Corridor in China,has undergone significant climate change and LUCC over the past few decades.In this study,we used the random forest classification to obtain the land use and cover datasets of the Shiyang River Basin in 1991,1995,2000,2005,2010,2015,and 2020 based on Landsat images.We validated the land use and cover data in 2015 from the random forest classification results(this study),the high-resolution dataset of annual global land cover from 2000 to 2015(AGLC-2000-2015),the global 30 m land cover classification with a fine classification system(GLC_FCS30),and the first Landsat-derived annual China Land Cover Dataset(CLCD)against ground-truth classification results to evaluate the accuracy of the classification results in this study.Furthermore,we explored and compared the spatiotemporal patterns of LUCC in the upper,middle,and lower reaches of the Shiyang River Basin over the past 30 years,and employed the random forest importance ranking method to analyze the influencing factors of LUCC based on natural(evapotranspiration,precipitation,temperature,and surface soil moisture)and anthropogenic(nighttime light,gross domestic product(GDP),and population)factors.The results indicated that the random forest classification results for land use and cover in the Shiyang River Basin in 2015 outperformed the AGLC-2000-2015,GLC_FCS30,and CLCD datasets in both overall and partial validations.Moreover,the classification results in this study exhibited a high level of agreement with the ground truth features.From 1991 to 2020,the area of bare land exhibited a decreasing trend,with changes primarily occurring in the middle and lower reaches of the basin.The area of grassland initially decreased and then increased,with changes occurring mainly in the upper and middle reaches of the basin.In contrast,the area of cropland initially increased and then decreased,with changes occurring in the middle and lower reaches.The LUCC was influenced by both natural and anthropogenic factors.Climatic factors and population contributed significantly to LUCC,and the importance values of evapotranspiration,precipitation,temperature,and population were 22.12%,32.41%,21.89%,and 19.65%,respectively.Moreover,policy interventions also played an important role.Land use and cover in the Shiyang River Basin exhibited fluctuating changes over the past 30 years,with the ecological environment improving in the last 10 years.This suggests that governance efforts in the study area have had some effects,and the government can continue to move in this direction in the future.The findings can provide crucial insights for related research and regional sustainable development in the Shiyang River Basin and other similar arid and semi-arid areas. | ZHAO Yaxuan CAO Bo SHA Linwei CHENG Jinquan ZHAO Xuanru GUAN Weijin PAN Baotian | 2024 | Journal of Arid Land2024，16，2： | 0 |
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