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| 1 | Accumulation of soil organic carbon during natural restoration of desertified grassland in China's Horqin Sandy Land显示文摘China's Horqin Sandy Land,a formerly lush grassland,has experienced extensive desertification that caused considerable carbon(C) losses from the plant-soil system.Natural restoration through grazing exclusion is a widely suggested option to sequester C and to restore degraded land.In a desertified grassland,we investigated the C accumulation in the total and light fractions of the soil organic matter from 2005 to 2013 during natural restoration.To a depth of 20 cm,the light fraction organic carbon(LFOC) storage increased by 221 g C/m2(84%) and the total soil organic carbon(SOC) storage increased by 435 g C/m2(55%).The light fraction dry matter content represented a small proportion of the total soil mass(ranging from 0.74% in 2005 to 1.39% in 2013),but the proportion of total SOC storage accounted for by LFOC was remarkable(ranging from 33% to 40%).The C sequestration averaged 28 g C/(m2·a) for LFOC and 54 g C/(m2·a) for total SOC.The total SOC was strongly and significantly positively linearly related to the light fraction dry matter content and the proportions of fine sand and silt+clay.The light fraction organic matter played a major role in total SOC sequestration.Our results suggest that grazing exclusion can restore desertified grassland and has a high potential for sequestering SOC in the semiarid Horqin Sandy Land. | YuQiang LI XueYong ZHAO FengXia ZHANG Tala AWADA ShaoKun WANG HaLin ZHAO TongHui ZHANG YuLin LI | 2015 | Journal of Arid Land2015，7，3： | 21 |
| 2 | Wideband electromagnetic characteristics modeling and analysis of missile targets in ballistic midcourse显示文摘The wideband electromagnetic characteristics of missile targets in midcourse are the foundation of midcourse attack-defense confrontation.This paper proposes a novel electromagnetic scattering modeling method for midcourse targets based on a precise scattering center model,in which the nonideal scattering phenomenon,shielding effect and micro-motion are taken into consideration for the first time.Firstly,a precise scattering center model incorporating both the sliding scattering and anisotropic scattering is established.Then the change rule of the target attitude is generalized,and a checking method of the scattering center shielding effect is proposed for rotationally symmetric targets.Afterwards,a novel dynamic electromagnetic scattering model is presented,where the scattering center model updates along with the variation of the target attitude and can characterize the change of the electromagnetic characteristics of midcourse targets exactly.Finally,in light of the established model,the dynamic electromagnetic characteristics within different attitude angle bounds are analyzed by stages,and some useful conclusions are obtained.Experiment results from the measured data in anechoic chamber verify the validity of the proposed modeling method and relevant analysis. | XU ShaoKun LIU JiHong WEI XiZhang LI Xiang GUO GuiRong | 2012 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2012，55，6： | 11 |
| 3 | A state-of-the-art review on passivation and biofouling of Ti and its alloys in marine environments显示文摘High strength-to-weight ratio, commendable biocompatibility and excellent corrosion resistance make Ti alloys widely applicable in aerospace, medical and marine industries. However, these alloys suffer from serious biofouling, and may become vulnerable to corrosion attack under some extreme marine conditions. The passivating and biofouling performance of Ti alloys can be attributed to their compact,stable and protective films. This paper comprehensively reviews the passivating and biofouling behavior,as well as their mechanisms, for typical Ti alloys in various marine environments. This review aims to help extend applications of Ti alloys in extremely harsh marine conditions. | Shaokun Yan Guang-Ling Song Zhengxian Li Haonan Wang Dajiang Zheng Fuyong Cao Miroslava Horynova Matthew S.Dargusch Lian Z-hou | 2018 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2018，34，3： | 11 |
| 4 | Effect of spatial scale and topography on spatial heterogeneity of soil seed banks under grazing disturbance in a sandy grassland of Horqin Sand Land, Northern China显示文摘Soil seed banks play an important role in the distribution and composition of plant communities in semiarid grassland ecosystems.However,information on how spatial scale influences the spatial heterogeneity of soil seed banks in a grassland under grazing disturbance is still lacking.Based on field sampling and greenhouse germination,we measured the species composition and seed density of soil seed banks at different spatial scales (30 m×30 m,30 m×60 m and 30 m×90 m)along a topographical gradient in a sandy grassland in Horqin Sand Land, Northern China.By applying geostatistical methods,we examined how spatial scale and topography affected the spatial distribution of soil seed banks in the study area.Our results showed that the total number of species in soil seed banks,as well as the number of dominant annuals,increased with the increase of spatial scales.Seed density in soil seed banks decreased with the increase of spatial scales due to an increase in the slopes and relative heights of the sampling points.Geostatistical analysis showed that the relative structural variance(C/(C0+C))of seed density and species richness were over 65%for all spatial scales,indicating that these variables had an obvious spatial autocorrelation and the spatial structured variance accounted for the largest proportion of the total sample variance.Spatial autocorrelation of seed density in soil seed banks increased with the increase of measured scales,while that of species richness showed a reverse trend.These results suggest that the total number of species in soil seed banks is spatial scale dependent and lower topography may accommodate more seeds.Spatial distribution of seed density in soil seed banks is also scale dependent due to topographic variation.Grassland management,therefore,needs to consider local grazing disturbance regime,spatial scale and topography. | XiaoAn ZUO ShaoKun WANG XueYong ZHAO WenJin LI Johannes KNOPS Amy KOCHSlEK | 2012 | Journal of Arid Land2012，4，2： | 9 |
| 5 | Deep neural network algorithm for estimating maize biomass based on simulated Sentinel 2A vegetation indices and leaf area index显示文摘Accurate estimation of biomass is necessary for evaluating crop growth and predicting crop yield.Biomass is also a key trait in increasing grain yield by crop breeding.The aims of this study were(i)to identify the best vegetation indices for estimating maize biomass,(ii)to investigate the relationship between biomass and leaf area index(LAI)at several growth stages,and(iii)to evaluate a biomass model using measured vegetation indices or simulated vegetation indices of Sentinel 2A and LAI using a deep neural network(DNN)algorithm.The results showed that biomass was associated with all vegetation indices.The three-band water index(TBWI)was the best vegetation index for estimating biomass and the corresponding R2,RMSE,and RRMSE were 0.76,2.84 t ha−1,and 38.22%respectively.LAI was highly correlated with biomass(R2=0.89,RMSE=2.27 t ha−1,and RRMSE=30.55%).Estimated biomass based on 15 hyperspectral vegetation indices was in a high agreement with measured biomass using the DNN algorithm(R2=0.83,RMSE=1.96 t ha−1,and RRMSE=26.43%).Biomass estimation accuracy was further increased when LAI was combined with the 15 vegetation indices(R2=0.91,RMSE=1.49 t ha−1,and RRMSE=20.05%).Relationships between the hyperspectral vegetation indices and biomass differed from relationships between simulated Sentinel 2A vegetation indices and biomass.Biomass estimation from the hyperspectral vegetation indices was more accurate than that from the simulated Sentinel 2A vegetation indices(R2=0.87,RMSE=1.84 t ha−1,and RRMSE=24.76%).The DNN algorithm was effective in improving the estimation accuracy of biomass.It provides a guideline for estimating biomass of maize using remote sensing technology and the DNN algorithm in this region. | Xiuliang Jin Zhenhai Li Haikuan Feng Zhibin Ren Shaokun Li | 2020 | The Crop Journal2020，8，1： | 9 |
| 6 | Parameter Estimation and Performance Analysis of Coherent Polarization Attributed Scattering Center Model显示文摘 | XU Shaokun WEI Xizhang LI Xiang GUO Guirong | 2013 | Chinese Journal of Electronics2013，22，1： | 9 |
| 7 | Impending HRT wave precursors to the Wenchuan M_s8.0 earthquake and methods of earthquake impending prediction by using HRT wave显示文摘We deployed four geo-electric monitoring stations in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces from 2004, using the new generation of equipment (PS-100) and technologies to capture the HRT wave earthquake precursor. Before the Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake, we recorded the HRT wave precursor at the only operating station in Hongge (HG, Δ=465 km) and found that significant impending signal had been recorded at the station in the early morning ( 0―5 am) of 12th of May, 2008. The precursor for this earthquake is consistent with precursors recorded for other strong earthquakes. The measured physical properties (geo-resistivity and telluric-current) show tidal wave period oscillations from several days to several months before the earthquakes and the amplitude of such HT oscillation increases significantly towards the occurrence of an earthquake. These HT and RT waves from the epicenter have a causal relationship with the earthquakes that happened several days later. The arrival time of two RT waves is proportional to the distance from the station to the epicenter. The estimated natural decay of the amplitude is correlated with the natural period (T0) of the earthquake fault, which is proportional to the fault length. From this relationship, we can predict the earthquake magnitude. For magnitude 6―9 earthquakes, the natural period is about 1―6 hours. Such oscillation comes from the epicenter area and they can propagate several thousand kilometers in the Earth's crust. Before a strong earthquake in the shallow crust, the conductive pore fluid will experience major changes before the fault rapture. Such fluid change will emit an oscillation in the pore fluid pressure. This is the mechanism for the HRT wave generation. Since the China Earthquake Administration funded the HRT wave short-term earth-quake prediction project in 2003, the first record of HRT precursor wave has been recorded from the 2004-12-26 Sumatra Mw9.0 earthquake with the largest epicentre distance Δ=2900 km. Thereafter, we have captured HRT waves from more than twenty strong earthquakes, which are well-matched and show repeatability, consistency and regularity. All our observation with the HRT waves demonstrate that HRT wave precursors to earthquakes indeed exist. Strong earthquakes can be predicted and short-term and impending earthquake prediction is achievable in the very near future. From all the observations, including the ones at HG station from Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake, we conclude that using HRT wave to predict earthquakes is feasible. | QIAN FuYe ZHAO BiRu QIAN Wei ZHAO Jian HE ShiGen ZHANG HongKui LI ShiYu LI ShaoKun YAN GuLiang WANG ChengMin SUN ZhenKai ZHANG DongNing LU Jun ZHANG Ping YANG GuoJun SUN JiaLin GUO ChunSheng TANG YuXiong XU JianMing XIA KunTao JU Hang YIN BangHong LI Ming YANG DongSheng QI WeiLuo HE TaiMing GUAN HuaPing ZHAO YuLin | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，10： | 8 |
| 8 | Influence of plastic film mulching and planting density on yield,leaf anatomy,and root characteristics of maize on the Loess Plateau显示文摘In rainfed areas of northwestern China,maize production is constrained mainly by low temperature during early growth and water limitation during the entire growth period.Plastic film mulching is commonly used to increase maize yield in this area,because it increases topsoil temperature and moisture content as well as water use efficiency.However,the physiological and anatomical bases of maize yield improvement with plastic film mulching are not well understood.The effects of plastic film mulching and planting density on maize yield,photosynthetic characteristics,respiration,leaf anatomy,and root growth were studied in a two-year field experiment conducted on the Loess Plateau of China in 2017 and 2018.The experiment used a split-split plot design with two mulching treatments(plastic film mulching and no mulching),two planting densities(7.5×104 and10.5×104 plants ha-1),and two maize cultivars,Zhengdan 958 and Xianyu 335.Compared with no mulching,plastic film mulching increased maize yields by 31.1%–46.4%in 2017 and3.6%–34.7%in 2018.Compared with low planting density,high planting density significantly increased and slightly reduced yields of both cultivars in the dry year 2017 and the rainy year 2018,respectively.Plastic film mulching increased photosynthesis and respiration as well as leaf stomatal density and aperture.Photosynthetic rate,dark respiration,and stomatal conductance and aperture were lower at high planting than at low planting density.Maize yield was positively correlated with photosynthesis,dark respiration,and stomatal aperture.Mulching increased root dry weight and length in the 0–20 cm soil layer and root activity at maturity.Overall,the changes in root growth and leaf anatomy resulted in increased photosynthesis and dark respiration,and the increased photosynthesis contributed to the increase in grain yield and biomass production under plastic film mulching conditions.Our results increase understanding of the physiological mechanisms by which plastic film mulching increases maize yield in water-and temperature-limited areas. | Li Niu Yanyan Yan Peng Hou Wenbo Bai Rulang Zhao Yonghong Wang Shaokun Li Taisheng Du Ming Zhao Jiqing Song Wenbin Zhou | 2020 | The Crop Journal2020，8，4： | 6 |
| 9 | Novel imaging methods of stepped frequency radar based on compressed sensing显示文摘The theory of compressed sensing (CS) provides a new chance to reduce the data acquisition time and improve the data usage factor of the stepped frequency radar system. In light of the sparsity of radar target reflectivity, two imaging methods based on CS, termed the CS-based 2D joint imaging algorithm and the CS-based 2D decoupled imaging algorithm, are proposed. These methods incorporate the coherent mixing operation into the sparse dictionary, and take random measurements in both range and azimuth directions to get high resolution radar images, thus can remarkably reduce the data rate and simplify the hardware design of the radar system while maintaining imaging quality. Experiments from both simulated data and measured data in the anechoic chamber show that the proposed imaging methods can get more focused images than the traditional fast Fourier transform method. Wherein the joint algorithm has stronger robustness and can provide clearer inverse synthetic aperture radar images, while the decoupled algorithm is computationally more efficient but has slightly degraded imaging quality, which can be improved by increasing measurements or using a robuster recovery algorithm nevertheless. | Jihong Liu Shaokun Xu Xunzhang Gao Xiang Li | 2012 | Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics2012，23，1： | 4 |
| 10 | Using irrigation intervals to optimize water-use efficiency and maize yield in Xinjiang,northwest China显示文摘Worldwide, scarce water resources and substantial food demands require efficient water use and high yield.This study investigated whether irrigation frequency can be used to adjust soil moisture to increase grain yield and water use efficiency(WUE) of high-yield maize under conditions of mulching and drip irrigation.A field experiment was conducted using three irrigation intervals in 2016: 6, 9, and 12 days(labeled D6, D9, and D12) and five irrigation intervals in 2017: 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 days(D3, D6, D9, D12, and D15).In Xinjiang, an optimal irrigation quota is 540 mm for high-yield maize.The D3, D6, D9, D12, and D15 irrigation intervals gave grain yields of 19.7, 19.1–21.0, 18.8–20.0, 18.2–19.2, and 17.2 Mg ha^-1 and a WUE of 2.48, 2.53–2.80, 2.47–2.63, 2.34–2.45, and 2.08 kg m-3, respectively.Treatment D6 led to the highest soil water storage, but evapotranspiration and soil-water evaporation were lower than other treatments.These results show that irrigation interval D6 can help maintain a favorable soil-moisture environment in the upper-60-cm soil layer, reduce soilwater evaporation and evapotranspiration, and produce the highest yield and WUE.In this arid region and in other regions with similar soil and climate conditions, a similar irrigation interval would thus be beneficial for adjusting soil moisture to increase maize yield and WUE under conditions of mulching and drip irrigation. | Guoqiang Zhang Dongping Shen Bo Ming Ruizhi Xie Xiuliang Jin Chaowei Liu Peng Hou Jun Xue Jianglu Chen Wanxu Zhang Wanmao Liu Keru Wang Shaokun Li | 2019 | The Crop Journal2019，7，3： | 4 |
| 11 | New discoveries from the classic Quaternary mammalian fossil area of Yanjinggou,Chongqing,and their chronological explanations显示文摘Yanjinggou in Wanzhou District of Chongqing is one of the earliest reported and most famous Quaternary mammalian fossil areas in China.The fauna from this area used to be taken as a benchmark for the biochronological comparison of Quaternary paleontology of South China,but the chronology of this fauna has many controversies for the lack of exact locational and stratigraphical records.The present article,on the basis of recent investigations and discoveries,discusses and explains the distribution and biochronology of the mammalian faunas in the Yanjinggou area.The newly discovered Dayakou fissure fauna,including Rhizomys troglodytes,Homotherium sp.,Panthera pardus,Stegodon orientalis,Dicerorhinus sumatrensis,Hesperotherium sinense,Sus sp.,Cervavitus fenqii,Cervus sp.and Muntiacus sp.,is correlated to the middle Early Pleistocene.The presence of Early Pleistocene mammalian fauna in the Yanjinggou area is therefore confirmed.The'Wanhsien fauna'or'Yenchingkou(=Yanjinggou)fauna'as a Mid-Late Pleistocene biostratigraphical datum should be abandoned.The Dayakou fauna and the Upper Cave fauna of Pingba,both in the Yanjinggou area,are correlated to the middle Early Pleistocene and the early Middle Pleistocene in age,respectively. | CHEN ShaoKun PANG LiBo HE CunDing WEI GuangBiao HUANG WanBo YUE ZongYing ZHANG XiaoHu ZHANG Hua QIN Li | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，31： | 4 |
| 12 | Afforestation effects on soil microbial abundance, microbial biomass carbon and enzyme activity in dunes of Horqin Sandy Land, northeastern China显示文摘In order to investigate the effects of afforestation on soil microbial abundance, microbial biomass carbon and enzyme activity in sandy dunes, 20-year-old Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv. (PSM) and Populus simonii Carrière (PSC) mature forests were selected in Horqin Sandy Land, and mobile dunes was set as a control (CK). Results show that PSM and PSC plantations can improve soil physicochemical properties and significantly increase microbiological activity in mobile dunes. Soil microbial abundance, microbial biomass carbon and enzyme activity show an order of PS>PSM>CK. Total soil microbial abundance in PSM and PSC was respectively 50.16 and 72.48 times more than that in CK, and the differences were significant among PSM, PSC and CK. Soil microbial biomass carbon in PSM and PSC was respectively 23.67 and 33.34 times more than that in CK, and the difference was insignificant between PSM and PSC. Soil enzyme activity, including dehydrogenase (DEH), peroxidase (PER), protease (PRO), urease (URE) and cellobiohydrolase (CEL) in PSM and PSC were respectively 19.00 and 27.54, 4.78 and 9.89, 4.05 and 8.67, 29.93 and 37.46, and 9.66 and 13.42 times of that in CK. P. sylvestris and P. simonii can effectively improve soil physicochemical and microbiological properties in sandy dunes and fix mobile dunes in Horqin Sandy Land. The C mic :C ratio is an applicable indicator to estimate soil stability and soil water availability, and based on an overall consideration of plantation stability and sustainability, P. sylvestris is better than P. simonii in fixing mobile dunes in sandy land. | ShaoKun Wang XueYong Zhao TongHui Zhang YuQiang Li Jie Lian WenDa Huang JianYing Yun | 2013 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2013，5，2： | 3 |
| 13 | Review of combine harvester losses for maize and influencing factors显示文摘The high harvest losses associated with the mechanical harvesting of maize in China are currently a major barrier to the adoption of this technology.This paper summarizes works of literature regarding harvest losses from the combine harvesting of maize in China and abroad.The main findings are as follows:(1)In 2012-2019,2987 samples data obtained from the major maize production areas of China showed that the average harvest loss was 345.2 kg/hm2(3.5%of the average yield),with losses ranging from 0 to 9288.5 kg/hm2;(2)The harvest losses from combine harvesting are mainly caused by the dropping of ears.The ear losses include the pre-harvest loss caused by ear abscission,damage caused by maize borer,lodging,and the ear loss during combine harvesting,and the main pre-harvest loss is caused by lodging;(3)Harvest losses are affected by maize variety,planting mode,cultivation management,pests and diseases,weather conditions during harvesting,harvest date,combine harvester type,harvester adjustment,operator proficiency,and the terrain conditions of the maize field;(4)The harvest losses from combine harvesting are also related to the type of header,feeding and threshing methods,the adjustment of header stripping clearance,feeding amount,forward speed,cylinder or rotor speed,and the clearance between the cylinder and the concave of the harvester.However,the combine losses mainly come from header losses.In order to reduce the harvest losses,the following solutions were proposed:(1)Breed and select maize varieties which are resistant to lodging,especially during the field drying of mature grains,as well as those resistant to maize borer and stalk rot;(2)Select varieties suitable for grain harvest-which requires matching the accumulated-temperature demand of the maize hybrids,optimal plant density,row spacing,and irrigation and fertilizer management with the light and heat conditions of the production area while cultivating uniform populations and healthy plants-as well as preventing and controlling damage from maize borer,stalk rot,and ear rot,harvesting at the appropriate time;(3)Develop and select advanced maize combine harvesters,formulate standardized operating procedures for harvesting machinery,and standardize field operation;(4)select appropriate agricultural machinery and agronomic practices,and improve the training of maize producers and harvester operators. | Keru Wang Ruizhi Xie Bo Ming Peng Hou Jun Xue Shaokun Li | 2021 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2021，14，1： | 3 |
| 14 | Overview of SMP-CAIL2020-Argmine:The Interactive Argument-Pair Extraction in Judgement Document Challenge显示文摘In this paper we present the results of the Interactive Argument-Pair Extraction in Judgement Document Challenge held by both the Chinese AI and Law Challenge(CAIL)and the Chinese National Social Media Processing Conference(SMP),and introduce the related data set-SMP-CAIL2020-Argmine.The task challenged participants to choose the correct argument among five candidates proposed by the defense to refute or acknowledge the given argument made by the plaintiff,providing the full context recorded in the judgement documents of both parties.We received entries from 63 competing teams,38 of which scored higher than the provided baseline model(BERT)in the first phase and entered the second phase.The best performing system in the two phases achieved accuracy of 0.856 and 0.905,respectively.In this paper,we will present the results of the competition and a summary of the systems,highlighting commonalities and innovations among participating systems.The SMP-CAIL2020-Argmine data set and baseline modelshave been already released. | Jian Yuan Zhongyu Wei Yixu Gao Wei Chen Yun Song Donghua Zhao Jinglei Ma Zhen Hu Shaokun Zou Donghai Li Xuanjing Huang | 2021 | Data Intelligence2021，3，2： | 3 |
| 15 | AP-2α expression and cell apoptosis of the lung tissue of rats with COPD and ECV304 cells stimulated by cigarette smoke extract显示文摘An increasing body of evidence suggests that apoptosis of structural cells in the lung might be an important upstream event in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).AP-2α is one of the important transcription factors involved in the modulation of apoptosis in carcinogenesis and idiopathic-dilated cardiomyopathy.The relationship between AP-2α and apoptosis in COPD remains to be elucidated.The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of AP-2α in the lung tissues of rats with COPD induced by smoking and its possible protective effect on cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induced endothelial cell apoptosis.Sprague-Dawley rats (n=24) were randomly assigned to normal and COPD groups.The COPD group was exposed to smoke from 20 commercial unfiltered cigarettes for 80 d before morphological assessment of the lung tissue was performed.The expression of AP-2α in lung tissues was measured by Western blotting.To demonstrate the relationship between apoptosis and AP-2α,in vitro cell experiments were carried out.Cells were treated with different concentrations of CSE before proliferation was measured by MTT.Apoptosis was then determined by Hoechst staining and the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and AP-2α by Western blotting over time following treatment with 5% CSE.Cells were then infected with an AP-2α adenovirus vector and the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and AP-2α was compared to the control groups by Western blotting.The COPD group showed larger air spaces and significant decrease of FEV 0.3/FVC compared with the rats in the control group (P<0.05).The expression of AP-2α was significantly higher in the lung tissue of rats with COPD compared with those of controls (P<0.05).In the ECV304 cells,CSE induced apoptosis (P<0.01) and caspase-3 activation in a time-dependent manner and reduced the cell proliferation rate in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.005).Moreover,5% CSE treatment increased endogenous AP-2α protein expression.AP-2α overexpression inhibited 5% CSE-induced cell apoptosis and activated caspase-3 expression (P<0.05) AP-2α protects ECV304 cells against CSE-induced apoptosis and may play an important role in smoking induced-apoptosis in COPD. | LI JunLi CHEN Yan CHEN Ping CAI Shan PENG Hong ZHOU Rui XIANG XuDong LONG Hong LIU ShaoKun | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，15： | 2 |
| 16 | Kernel position effects of grain morphological characteristics by X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT)显示文摘Grain size and shape are important factors for yield and quality.The difference in grain phenotypic characteristics in the same maize hybrid is related to its position in the ear.This study aimed to clarify the distribution characteristics of grain morphological characteristics in the ear and to provide guidance for research of grain phenotype and kernel position effects.Three maize hybrids were used in the experiment,namely,Denghai 618(DH618),KX3564,and Xianyu 335(XY335),and the kernel number per row were 40,40,and 36,respectively.The X-rayμCT was applied to obtain five kernel morphological indicators,including grain length,width,thickness,volume,surface area.Grain sphericity,length-width ratio,specific surface area,and volume coefficient were further calculated.The results showed that there were three types of maize ear morphological indicators trends:grain length,width,volume,and surface area were parabolic;thickness and sphericity were inverted parabolic;length-to-width ratio and specific surface area were irregular.The volume coefficient of grain at different parts of the ear,namely the relation coefficient between grain volume and grain length,width,and thickness,was determined.The average value of the middle grains morphological indicators of the ear was taken to select kernels representing stable characteristics of the variety.Within the range of 5%deviation from the morphological mean value of the middle grains of the ear,the grains in the middle part accounted for 26.39%of the total ear,about 10 grains extending from the 14th grain at the base of the ear to the top.Within the range of 10%deviation,the middle accounted for 47.22%,about 18 grains extending from the 12th grain at the base of the ear to the top.This study found that grain morphological indicators were greatly different at different positions of the maize ear,and showed different change rules as extend from the base to the top of the ear.Therefore,there were different grain volume coefficients at different positions of maize ear.And the representative sampling range on maize ear was determined based on the comprehensive analysis of different morphological indexes variation of grain. | Xuebo Yin Junfeng Hou Bo Ming Ying Zhang Xinyu Guo Shang Gao Keru Wang Peng Hou Shaokun Li Ruizhi Xie | 2021 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2021，14，2： | 2 |
| 17 | Discovery of the mechanisms of acupuncture in the treatment of migraine based on functional magnetic resonance imaging and omics显示文摘Migraine is one of the most prevalent and disabling neurological disease,but the current pharmacotherapies show limited efficacy and often accompanied by adverse effects.Acupuncture is a promising complementary therapy,but further clinical evidence is needed.The influence of acupuncture on migraine is not an immediate effect,and its mechanism remains unclear.This study aims to provide further clinical evidence for the anti-migraine effects of acupuncture and explore the mechanism involved.A randomized controlled trial was performed among 10 normal controls and 38 migraineurs.The migraineurs were divided into blank control,sham acupuncture,and acupuncture groups.Patients were subjected to two courses of treatment,and each treatment lasted for 5 days,with an interval of 1 day between the two courses.The effectiveness of treatment was evaluated using pain questionnaire.The functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)data were analyzed for investigating brain changes induced by treatments.Blood plasma was collected for metabolomics and proteomics studies.Correlation and mediation analyses were performed to investigate the interaction between clinical,fMRI and omics changes.Results showed that acupuncture effectively relieved migraine symptoms in a way different from sham acupuncture in terms of curative effect,affected brain regions,and signaling pathways.The anti-migraine mechanism involves a complex network related to the regulation of the response to hypoxic stress,reversal of brain energy imbalance,and regulation of inflammation.The brain regions of migraineurs affected by acupuncture include the lingual gyrus,default mode network,and cerebellum.The effect of acupuncture on patients’metabolites/proteins may precede that of the brain. | Chong Li Xinyi Li Ke He Yang Wu Xiaoming Xie Jiju Yang Fan Zhang Yang Yue Huifeng Hao Shaokun Zhao Xin Li Guihua Tian | 2023 | Frontiers of Medicine2023，17，5： | 1 |
| 18 | In-field harvest loss of mechanically-harvested maize grain and affecting factors in China显示文摘Field harvest loss is a common problem of maize grain mechanical harvesting in China and abroad.From 2012 to 2019,2987 groups of samples for the quality of mechanical grain harvesting in field were obtained in 21 major maize-producing provinces,cities,and regions of China.The analysis performed in this study showed that the average harvest loss of fallen ears was equivalent to 76.5%of the total harvest loss,indicating that the harvest loss in the mechanical harvesting of maize grain mainly came from the loss of fallen ears.Meanwhile,statistical analysis of the harvest loss in different ranges of grain moisture contents showed that,when the grain moisture content fell below 20%,the harvest loss rate of fallen ears and the total harvest loss rate both increased sharply,and the harvest loss of fallen ears increased faster than the harvest loss of fallen grain with a decreasing grain moisture content.Moreover,the results of multi-point experiments and harvest experiments in different periods showed that,during harvesting time,the harvest loss of fallen ears caused by lodging was the main reason for in-field harvest losses in the mechanical harvesting of maize grain.Apart from the above mentioned,the test results of 35 groups of harvesters for the in-field mechanical harvesting of maize grain showed that the harvester types and their operating parameters were important factors affecting the harvest loss in the mechanical harvesting of maize grain.Therefore,the principal paths to reduce harvest loss in the mechanical harvesting of maize grain are to breed lodging-resistant maize varieties,adopt reasonable planting densities,cultivate healthy plants,develop harvesters with low harvesting loss,intensify the training of operators,and harvest at an appropriate time. | Liangyu Hou Keru Wang Yizhou Wang Lulu Li Bo Ming Ruizhi Xie Shaokun Li | 2021 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2021，14，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Mesoporous alumina materials synthesized in different gel templates 显示文摘 | XI LI C SHAOKUN T HU Z | 2013 | Mater Lett2013，，98： | 1 |
| 20 | Evaluating the severity level of cotton Verticillium using spectral signature analysis 显示文摘 | Chen Bing Li Shaokun Wang Keru | 2012 | International Journal of Remote Sensing2012，33，9： | 1 |
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