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| 1 | Effect of Pisha sandstone on water infiltration of different soils on the Chinese Loess Plateau显示文摘The infiltration of water into soil is one of the most important soil physical properties that affect soil erosion and the eco-environment, especially in the Pisha sandstone area on the Chinese Loess Plateau. We studied the one-dimensional vertical infiltration of water in three experimental soils, created by mixing Pisha sandstone with sandy soil, irrigation-silted soil, and loessial soil, at mass ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5. Our objective was to compare water infiltration in the experimental soils and to evaluate the effect of Pisha sandstone on water infiltration. We assessed the effect by measuring soil bulk density(BD), porosity, cumulative infiltration, infiltration rate and saturated hydraulic conductivity(Ks). The results showed that Pisha sandstone decreased the infiltration rate and saturated hydraulic conductivity in the three experimental soils. Cumulative infiltration over time was well described by the Philip equation. Sandy soil mixed with the Pisha sandstone at a ratio of 1:3 had the best water-holding capacity. The results provided experimental evidence for the movement of soil water and a technical support for the reconstruction and reclamation of mining soils in the Pisha sandstone area. | MA Wenmei ZHANG Xingchang | 2016 | Journal of Arid Land2016，8，3： | 18 |
| 2 | Spatial pattern of plant species diversity and the influencing factors in a Gobi Desert within the Heihe River Basin, Northwest China显示文摘Understanding the spatial pattern of plant species diversity and the influencing factors has important implications for the conservation and management of ecosystem biodiversity. The transitional zone between biomes in desert ecosystems, however, has received little attention in that regard. In this study, we conducted a quantitative field survey(including 187 sampling plots) in a 40-km^2 study area to determine the spatial pattern of plant species diversity and analyze the influencing factors in a Gobi Desert within the Heihe River Basin, Northwest China. A total of 42 plant species belonging to 16 families and 39 genera were recorded. Shrub and semi-shrub species generally represented the major part of the plant communities(covering 90% of the land surface), while annual and perennial herbaceous species occupied a large proportion of the total recorded species(71%). Patrick richness index(R), Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H'), Simpson's dominance index(D), and Pielou's evenness index(J) were all moderately spatially variable, and the variability increased with increasing sampling area. The semivariograms for R and H' were best fitted with Gaussian models while the semivariograms for D and J were best fitted with exponential models. Nugget-to-still ratios indicated a moderate spatial autocorrelation for R, H', and D while a strong spatial autocorrelation was observed for J. The spatial patterns of R and H' were closely related to the geographic location within the study area, with lower values near the oasis and higher values near the mountains. However, there was an opposite trend for D. R, H', and D were significantly correlated with elevation, soil texture, bulk density, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and total porosity(P<0.05). Generally speaking, locations at higher elevations tended to have higher species richness and diversity and the higher elevations were characterized by higher values in sand and gravel contents, bulk density, and saturated hydraulic conductivity and also by lower values in total porosity. Furthermore, spatial variability of plant species diversity was dependent on the sampling area. | ZHANG Pingping SHAO Ming'an ZHANG Xingchang | 2017 | Journal of Arid Land2017，9，3： | 14 |
| 3 | Applicability of five models to simulate water infiltration into soil with added biochar显示文摘As a soil amendment, biochar can reduce soil bulk density, increase soil porosity, and alter soil aggregates and thus affect the infiltration. Researchers have proposed and revised several theoretical models to describe the process of soil infiltration. Although these models have been successfully used to evaluate the soil infiltration in different scenarios in agricultural fields, little effort has been devoted to assess their performances in arid and semi-arid soils after the addition of biochar. A laboratory experiment was performed to study the infiltration characteristics of two typical Loess Plateau soils at three particle sizes(2–1, 1–0.25, and <0.25 mm) and five biochar application amounts(0, 10, 50, 100, and 150 g/kg). The performance of five models(i.e., the Philip model, Kostiakov model, Mezencev model, USDA-NRCS model, and Horton model) in simulating the infiltration process was then evaluated based on the adjusted coefficient of determination and a reduced Chi-Square test. Results indicated that the Horton model best simulated the water-infiltration process in an aeolian sandy soil with added biochar. However, the Mezencev model best simulated the infiltration process in a loamy clay soil(Eum-Orthic Anthrosol). The three-parameter model, i.e., Mezencev and Horton models can better describe the relationship between cumulative infiltration and infiltration time. In conclusion, biochar reduced the soil infiltration capacity of the aeolian sandy soil and increased that of the Eum-Orthic Anthrosol. | WANG Tongtong Catherine E STEWART MA Jiangbo ZHENG Jiyong ZHANG Xingchang | 2017 | Journal of Arid Land2017，9，5： | 9 |
| 4 | Evaluation methods of heavy metal pollution in soils based on enzyme activities:A review显示文摘Soil enzyme activities have been suggested as suitable indicators for the evaluation of metal contamination because they are susceptible to microbial changes caused by heavy metal stress and are strictly related to soil nutrient cycles.However,there is a growing lack of recognition and summary of the historic advancements that use soil enzymology as the proposal of evaluation methods.Here,we review the most common methods of heavy metal pollution evaluation based on enzyme activities,which include single enzyme index,combined enzyme index,enzyme-based functional diversity index,microbiological stress index,and ecoenzymatic stoichiometry models.This review critically examines the advantages and disadvantages of these methods based on their execution complexity,performance,and ecological implications and gets a glimpse of avenues to come to improved future evaluation systems.Indices based on a single enzyme are variable and have no consistent response to soil heavy metals,and the following three composite indices are characterized by the loss of many critical microbial processes,which thus not conducive to reflect the effects of heavy metals on soil ecosystems.Considering the dexterity of ecoenzymatic stoichiometry methods in reflecting changes in soil functions under heavy metal stress,we propose that microbial metabolic limitations quantified by ecoenzymatic stoichiometry models could be promising indicators for enhancing the reality and acceptance of results and further improving the potential for actual utility in environmental decision-making. | Yongxing Cui Xia Wang Xiangxiang Wang Xingchang Zhang Linchuan Fang | 2021 | Soil Ecology Letters2021，3，3： | 3 |
| 5 | Spatial variability of soil total nitrogen and soil total phosphorus under different land uses in a small watershed on the Loess Plateau, China显示文摘 | Yunqiang Wang Xingchang Zhang Chuanqin Huang | 2009 | Geoderma2009，，1： | 3 |
| 6 | Response of soil CO_2 efflux to precipitation manipulation in a semiarid grassland显示文摘Soil CO_2efflux(SCE) is an important component of ecosystem CO_2 exchange and is largely temperature and moisture dependent, providing feedback between C cycling and the climate system. We used a precipitation manipulation experiment to examine the effects of precipitation treatment on SCE and its dependences on soil temperature and moisture in a semiarid grassland. Precipitation manipulation included ambient precipitation, decreased precipitation(- 43%), or increased precipitation(+ 17%). The SCE was measured from July2013 to December 2014, and CO_2 emission during the experimental period was assessed.The response curves of SCE to soil temperature and moisture were analyzed to determine whether the dependence of SCE on soil temperature or moisture varied with precipitation manipulation. The SCE significantly varied seasonally but was not affected by precipitation treatments regardless of season. Increasing precipitation resulted in an upward shift of SCE–temperature response curves and rightward shift of SCE–moisture response curves,while decreasing precipitation resulted in opposite shifts of such response curves. These shifts in the SCE response curves suggested that increasing precipitation strengthened the dependence of SCE on temperature or moisture, and decreasing precipitation weakened such dependences. Such shifts affected the predictions in soil CO_2 emissions for different precipitation treatments. When considering such shifts, decreasing or increasing precipitation resulted in 43 or 75% less change, respectively, in CO_2 emission compared with changes in emissions predicted without considering such shifts. Furthermore, the effects of shifts in SCE response curves on CO_2 emission prediction were greater during the growing than the non-growing season. | Xiaorong Wei Yanjiang Zhang Jian Liu Hailong Gao Jun Fan Xiaoxu Jia Jimin Cheng Mingan Shao Xingchang Zhang | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，7： | 2 |
| 7 | Long-term impact of farming practices on soil organic carbon and nitrogen pools and microbial biomass and activity显示文摘 | Yi Wang Cong Tu Lei Cheng Chunyue Li Laura F. Gentry Greg D. Hoyt Xingchang Zhang Shuijin Hu | 2011 | Soil & Tillage Research2011，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Soil water dynamics and deep soil recharge in a recordwet year in the southern Loess Plateau of China显示文摘 | Liu Wenzhao Zhang Xingchang Dang Tinghui | 2010 | Ag-riculture Water Management2010，97，8： | 1 |
| 9 | Carbon concentration variability of 10 Chinese temperate tree spe- cies 显示文摘 | Zhang Quanzhi Wang Chuankuan Wang Xingchang | 2009 | Forest Ecology and Management2009，258，5： | 1 |
| 10 | Spatial variability of soil total nitrogen and soil total phosphorus under different land uses in a small watershed on the Loess Plateau, China 显示文摘 | Wang Yunqiang Zhang Xingchang Huang Chuanqin | 2009 | Geoderma2009，150，12： | 1 |
| 11 | Spatial variability of soil total nitrogen and soil total phosphorus under different land uses in a small watershed on the Loess Plateau, China显示文摘 | WANG Yunqiang ZHANG Xingchang HUANG Chuanqin | 2009 | Geoderma2009，150，12： | 1 |
| 12 | Spatial variability of soil total nitrogen and soil total phosphorus under different land uses in a small watershed on the Loess Plateau, China显示文摘 | Wang Yunqiang Zhang Xingchang Huang Chuanqin | 2009 | Geoderma2009，150，： | 1 |
| 13 | Carbon concentration variability of 10 Chinese temperate tree species显示文摘 | Quanzhi Zhang Chuankuan Wang Xingchang Wang Xiankui Quan | 2009 | Forest Ecology and Management2009，，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Evapo- transpiration over the grassland field in the Liudaogou Basin of the Loess Plateau, China显示文摘 | Kimura R Fan Jun Zhang Xingchang | 2005 | Acta Oecologi- ca2005，29，1： | 1 |
| 15 | 颜色和物候表明46种温带落叶木本植物衰老叶片的养分变异显示文摘不同共生植物的叶片养分含量差异显著,反映了不同的叶片养分利用策略。然而,衰老叶片养分的种间变异及其驱动因素尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨衰老叶片养分的种间变异及其驱动因素。我们在中国东北的帽儿山森林生态系统研究站测定了46种共存温带落叶木本植物新鲜落叶的碳、氮、磷浓度。采用随机森林模型量化10个生物因素(菌根类型、固氮类型、生长形态、耐阴性、叶片质地、变色程度、变色类型、叶片变色峰期、落叶峰期和落叶末期)的相对重要性。研究结果表明,落叶氮浓度种间变化为4倍,磷浓度变化达9倍。较高的氮和磷平均浓度(15.38和1.24 mg·g^(−1))表明该森林氮和磷限制较弱。功能群仅对特定养分及其比值有显著影响。磷浓度、氮磷比与外生菌根树种的落叶高峰日和落叶结束日呈负相关。颜色鲜艳的叶片(红色>棕色>黄色>黄绿色>绿色)倾向于比绿色叶片氮和磷浓度更低而碳氮比和碳磷比较高。随机森林模型表明,秋季叶变色和落叶物候贡献了80%的种间变异解释量。这些结果增加了我们对温带森林木本植物营养策略之衰老叶片养分变异性的理解。 | Xingchang Wang Qi Wang Yue Chen Rui Zhao Jiahui Zhang Xiankui Quan Fan Liu Chuankuan Wang | 2022 | Journal of Plant Ecology2022，15，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Systematic microwave network analysis for multilayer printed circuit boards with vias and decoupling capacitors显示文摘 | Zhang Yaojiang OO Z Z Wei Xingchang | 2010 | IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility2010，52，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Temporal variation in soil detachment under different land uses in the Loess Plateau of China显示文摘 | Zhang Guanghui Tang Mingke Zhang Xingchang | 2009 | Earth Surface Processes and Landforms2009，34，9： | 1 |
| 18 | Theestimation of soil organic carbon distribution and storagein a small catchment area of the Loess Plateau显示文摘 | Li Ming Zhang Xingchang Pang Guowei | 2013 | Cate-na2013，，101： | 1 |
| 19 | Research on Methods for Building Volcano Disaster Information System--taking Changbai Mountain as an example | ZHANG Xuexia, BO Liqun and LU Xingchang (Changchun Institute of Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130021) | 2001 | Natural Disaster Reduction in China2001，，3： | 0 |
| 20 | Filling the“vertical gap”between canopy tree species and understory shrub species:biomass allometric equations for subcanopy tree species显示文摘Subcanopy tree species are an important component of temperate secondary forests.However,their biomass equations are rarely reported,which forms a“vertical gap”between canopy tree species and understory shrub species.In this study,we destructively sampled six common subcanopy species(Syringa reticulate var.amurensis(Rupr.)Pringle,Padus racemosa(Lam.)Gilib.,Acer ginnala Maxim.,Malus baccata(Linn.)Borkh.,Rhamnus davurica Pall.,and Maackia amurensis Rupr.et Maxim.)to establish biomass equations in a temperate forest of Northeast China.The mixed-species and species-specifi c biomass allometric equations were well fi tted against diameter at breast height(DBH).Adding tree height(H)as the second predictor increased the R^(2)of the models compared with the DBH-only models by–1%to+3%.The R^(2)of DBH-only and DBH-H equations for the total biomass of mixed-species were 0.985 and 0.986,respectively.On average,the biomass allocation proportions for the six species were in the order of stem(45.5%)>branch(30.1%)>belowground(19.5%)>foliage(4.9%),with a mean root:shoot ratio of 0.24.Biomass allocation to each specifi c component diff ered among species,which aff ected the performance of the mixed-species model for particular biomass component.When estimating the biomass of subcanopy species using the equations for canopy species(e.g.,Betula platyphylla Suk.,Ulmus davidiana var.japonica(Rehd.)Nakai,and Acer mono Maxim.),the errors in individual biomass estimation increased with tree size(up to 68.8%at 30 cm DBH),and the errors in stand biomass estimation(up to 19.2%)increased with increasing percentage of basal area shared by subcanopy species.The errors caused by selecting such inappropriate models could be removed by multiplying adjustment factors,which were usually power functions of DBH for biomass components.These results provide methodological support for accurate biomass estimation in temperate China and useful guidelines for biomass estimation for subcanopy species in other regions,which can help to improve estimates of forest biomass and carbon stocks. | Xue Sun Xingchang Wang Chuankuan Wang Quanzhi Zhang Qingxi Guo | 2023 | Journal of Forestry Research2023，34，4： | 0 |
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