|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | Recent advances in fermented feeds towards improved broiler chicken performance, gastrointestinal tract microecology and immune responses: A review显示文摘Previously, fermentation has been associated with methods that improve the nutritional value of unconventional feed ingredients for broilers. In recent decades, the fermentation process has been employed to produce functional feeds that have the potential to improve broiler gastrointestinal tract microecology, health and production performance. Some of the functional ingredients found in fermented feed include lactic acid bacteria(LAB), lactic acid and other organic acids, and appear to play major roles in determining the beneficial effects of fermented feed on broiler gut health and performance. Unlike the pig, the available literature on broiler fermented feed is still rather limited. This review describes recent advances in the use of fermented feed(on the basis of conventional and unconventional feed ingredients) in broilers. Similarly, this review also shows that additional research is necessary to exploit fermented feed as a viable food source in broiler nutrition. | Sugiharto Sugiharto Samir Ranjitkar | 2019 | Animal Nutrition2019，，1： | 37 |
| 2 | Effects of Bacillus coagulans supplementation on the growth performance and gut health of broiler chickens with Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis显示文摘Background: The poultry industry is in need of effective antibiotic alternatives to control outbreaks of necrotic enteritis(NE) due to Clostridium perfringens.Methods: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding Bacil us coagulans on the growth performance and gut health of broiler chickens with C. perfringens-induced NE. Two hundred and forty 1-day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two dietary B. coagulans levels(0 or 4 × 109 CFU/kg of diet) and two disease chal enge statuses(control or NE chal enged).Results: NE-induced reduction in body weight gain was relieved by the addition of B. coagulans into broiler diets compared with the NE-infected birds. NE infection damaged intestinal morphological structure, promoted intestinal C.perfringens growth and liver invasion, and enhanced anti-C. perfringens specific sI gA concentrations in the gut and specific IgG levels in serum compared with the uninfected birds. NE infection significantly(P < 0.05) decreased mucin-2(at 14 d post-infection(DPI), tol-like receptor 2(TLR2, at 7 and 14 DPI), TLR4(at 7 and 14 DPI), tumor necrosis factor super family15(TNFSF15, at 7 and 14 DPI), lysozyme(LYZ, at 14 DPI) and fowlicidin-2(at 7 and 14 DPI) mR NA levels, whereas it dramatical y(P = 0.001) increased IFN-γ mR NA levels at 7 DPI. However, chal enged birds fed diets supplemented with B.coagulans showed a significant(P < 0.01) decrease in gut lesion scores, decreased C. perfringens numbers in the cecum and liver, and an increase in fowlicidin-2 mR NA levels in compared with the uninfected birds. In addition, compared with the non-supplemented group, dietary inclusion of B. coagulans improved intestinal barrier structure, further increased specific sI gA levels and alkaline phosphatase(IAP) activity in the jejunum, enhanced the expression of jejunum lysozyme mR NA, and inhibited the growth, colonization, and invasion of C. perfringens; in contrast, it reduced serum-specific IgG concentrations and jejunum IFN-γ mR NA levels.Conclusion: These results indicated that dietary B. coagulans supplementation appeared to be effective in preventing the occurrence and reducing the severity of C. perfringens-induced NE in broiler chickens. | Yuanyuan Wu Yujing Shao Bochen Song Wenrui Zhen Zhong Wang Yuming Guo Muhammad Suhaib Shahid Wei Nie | 2018 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2018，9，2： | 31 |
| 3 | Black soldier fly defatted meal as a dietary protein source for broiler chickens:Effects on growth performance,blood traits,gut morphology and histological features显示文摘Background: The present study has evaluated the effects of different inclusion levels of a partially defatted black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens L.; HI) larva meal on the growth performance, blood parameters and gut morphology of broiler chickens. A total of 256 male broiler chickens(Ross 308) were reared from d 1 to d 35 and assigned to4 dietary treatments(8 replicates/treatment and 8 birds/replicate). HI larva meal was included at increasing levels(0, 5%, 10% and 15%; HI0, HI5, HI10 and HI15, respectively) in isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets formulated for 3 feeding phases: starter(1–10 d), growing(10–24 d) and finisher(24–35 d). Two birds per pen were slaughtered at d 35 and morphometric investigations and histopathological alterations were performed.Results: The live weight(LW) showed linear and quadratic responses to increasing HI larva meal(maximum for HI10 group). Average daily gain(ADG) showed a linear and quadratic responses to HI meal(maximum for HI10 group) during starter and growing periods. A linear decrease was observed for ADG during the finisher period. The daily feed intake(DFI) showed a linear and quadratic effect during the starter period(maximum for HI10 group).Linear and quadratic responses were observed for the feed conversion ratio(FCR) in the growing period and for the whole period of the experiment. The FCR showed a linear response in the finisher period(maximum for HI15).No significant effects were observed for the blood and serum parameters, except for the phosphorus concentration,which showed linear and quadratic responses as well as glutathione peroxidase(GPx) activity, the latter of which showed a linear response. The HI15 birds showed a lower villus height, a higher crypt depth and a lower villus height-to-crypt depth ratio than the other groups.Conclusions: Increasing levels of dietary HI meal inclusion in male broiler chickens may improve the LW and DFI during the starter period, but may also negatively affect the FCR and gut morphology, thus suggesting that low levels may be more suitable. However, no significant effects on the haematochemical parameters or histological findings were observed in relation to HI meal utilization. | Sihem Dabbou Francesco Gai Ilaria Biasato Maria Teresa Capucchio Elena Biasibetti Daniela Dezzutto Marco Meneguz Iveta Plachà Laura Gasco Achille Schiavone | 2018 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2018，9，4： | 34 |
| 4 | Studying the effect of formic acid and potassium diformate on performance,immunity and gut health of broiler chickens显示文摘Our trial was conducted to study the effects of formic acid(FA) and potassium di-formate(KDF) in broiler ration on performance, carcass traits, blood biochemical, intestinal microbial load, histological picture of intestine and immune parameters of broilers. In this study 360 one-day-old broiler chicks were divided to 3 groups with 3 replicates of 40 chicks each. The trial continued for 35 days. The control group was fed only basal diet(G1). Group 2(G2) were fed basal diet supplemented with FA(5 g/kg diet), and group 3(G3) received basal diet supplemented with KDF(5 g/kg diet). The results showed that both FA and KDF significantly increased body weight gain(BWG), dressing percentage of broilers and significantly decreased feed conversion ratio(FCR)(P < 0.05). The highest percent of breast and thigh was observed in G3. The improvement in villus height was observed in G2 and G3 compared with the control one, and the highest was in G3. The results evidence that the using of FA or KDF in broiler feeds have significant effects on performance, immune parameters, and gut health without having any significant effects on blood biochemical. However, KDF is more effective than FA as little amount of FA reaches the small intestine due to metabolism and absorption, whereas KDF permits a proportion of FA to pass through the fore-gut intact and enter the small intestinal tract. In addition, FA has a strong odor and corrosiveness to gastrointestinal tract which limits its use. | Naela M.Ragaa Reda M.S.Korany | 2016 | Animal Nutrition2016，，4： | 30 |
| 5 | Nutritional value of a partially defatted and a highly defatted black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens L.) meal for broiler chickens: apparent nutrient digestibility,apparent metabolizable energy and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility显示文摘Background: The study aimed to determine the apparent total tract digestibility coefficients(ATTDC) of nutrients, the apparent metabolizable energy(AME and AMEn) and the amino acid(AA) apparent ileal digestibility coefficients(AIDC)of a partially defatted(BSFp) and a highly defatted(BSFh) black soldier fly larvae meal. The experimental diets were: a basal diet and two diets prepared by substituting 250 g/kg(w/w) of the basal diet with BSFp or BSFh, respectively.Results: Significant differences were found between BSFp and BSFh meals for ATTDC of the nutrients: BSFp resulted more digestible than BSFh, except for ATTDC of CP which did not differed between meals, while a statistical trend was observed for ATTDC of DM and EE. The AME and AMEn values were significantly(P < 0.05) different between the two BSF meals, with higher levels for BSFp(16.25 and 14.87 MJ/kg DM, respectively). The AIDC of the AA in BSFp ranged from 0.44 to 0.92, while in BSFh they ranged from 0.45 to 0.99. No significant differences were observed for the AA digestibility(0.77 and 0.80 for BSFp and BSFh, respectively), except for glutamic acid, proline and serine that were more digestible in the BSFh meal(P < 0.05).Conclusions: Defatted BSF meals can be considered as an excellent source of AME and digestible AA for broilers with a better efficient nutrient digestion. These considerations suggested the effective utilization of defatted BSF larvae meal in poultry feed formulation. | Achille Schiavone Michele De Marco Silvia Martínez Sihem Dabbou Manuela Renna Josefa Madrid Fuensanta Hernandez Luca Rotolo Pierluca Costa Francesco Gai Laura Gasco | 2017 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2017，8，4： | 27 |
| 6 | Effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus on the growth performance and intestinal health of broilers challenged with Clostridium perfringens显示文摘Background: Clostridium perfringens is the main etiological agent of necrotic enteritis. Lactobacil i show beneficial effects on intestinal health in infectious disease, but the protective functions of lactobacil i in C. perfringens-infected chickens are scarcely described. This study examined the effects of Lactobacil us acidophilus(L. acidophilus) on the growth performance and intestinal health of broiler chickens chal enged with Clostridium perfringens(C. perfringens) over a 28-day period. Using a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, a total of 308 1-day-old male Arbor Acres broiler chicks were included to investigate the effects of Lactobacil us acidophilus(L. acidophilus) on the growth performance and intestinal health of broiler chickens chal enged with Clostridium perfringens(C. perfringens) during a 28-day trial.Results: During infection(d 14–21), C. perfringens challenge decreased the average daily gain(P < 0.05), and increased feed conversion ratio and the mortality rate(P < 0.05). However, dietary supplementation with L. acidophilus increased the body weight of C. perfringens-infected broilers on d 21(P < 0.05), and tended to decrease the mortality(P = 0.061).C. perfringens challenge decreased the villus height(P < 0.05), the ratio of villus height to crypt depth(P < 0.05) and OCLN(occludin) m RNA expression(P < 0.05), and increased the pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the spleen and jejunum, the intestinal populations of C. perfringens and Escherichia(P < 0.05), and the serum content of endotoxin(P < 0.05), regardless of L. acidophilus supplementation. In contrast, dietary L. acidophilus reducedthe intestinal lesion score of challenged broilers(P < 0.05), the m RNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, ileal populations of Escherichia and serum endotoxin content(P < 0.05), but increased the intestinal Lactobacillus populations(P < 0.05),irrespective of C. perfringens challenge.Conclusion: Dietary addition of L. acidophilus could improve the intestinal health and reduce the mortality of broilers suffering from necrotic enteritis. | Zhui Li Weiwei Wang Dan Liu Yuming Guo | 2018 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2018，9，3： | 22 |
| 7 | Effect of storage time on the characteristics of corn and efficiency of its utilization in broiler chickens显示文摘Corn is one of the staple food and feed ingredients in China, therefore its storage is of particular importance. Corn is typically stored for 2 or more years in national barns before it is sold as a food or feed ingredient. However, the effects of stored corn in national barns on the animal performance and nutrient utilization have not been investigated thus far. This study attempted to determine the effects of storage time on the chemical and physical characteristics of corn and its nutritional value, broiler growth performance, and meat quality. Corn grains used in the present study were stored for 4 different periods,from 2 to 5 yr, under the same conditions in a building at the Beijing National Grain Storage Facility. A total of 240 birds in Exp. 1 and 90 birds in Exp. 2 were used to compare the effects of storage time on the utilization of nutrients of corn, the performance, and meat quality of broilers. The content of starch, crude protein, amino acids, fatty acids, and test weight generally decreased with increasing storage time. Corn stored for over 4 yr showed decreased catalase(CAT) and peroxidase(POD) activities and increased fat acidity. Body weight gain(BWG) and European production index(EPI) of broilers from 0 to 3 wk tended to decrease linearly with storage time(0.05 < P < 0.10), and the BWG and EPI of broilers from 4 to 6 wk decreased quadratically(P < 0.05), whereas feed conversion ratio(FCR) increased with storage time(P < 0.05). The FCR, performance, and EPI of broilers positively correlated with CAT activity(P < 0.05), and negatively correlated with fat acidity(P < 0.05). Drip loss of breast muscle increased linearly with corn storage time(P < 0.001); however, pH decreased linearly with corn storage time. Drip loss had a strong negative correlation with POD(P < 0.05). There were no significant differences of the storage length on metabolizable energy(ME), digestibility of crude protein, and starch(P > 0.05). The digestibility of histidine and arginine, and C18:2 and C18:3 changed quadratically with storage time(P < 0.05).Collectively, the results suggest that the use of corn stored for 4 yr in animal feed decreased the performance and meat quality of broilers. Fat acidity, CAT, and POD activities can be used as indexes for evaluating the storage quality of corn. | Dafei Yin Jianmin Yuan Yuming Guo Lee I.Chiba | 2017 | Animal Nutrition2017，，3： | 20 |
| 8 | Impact of essential oils and organic acids on the growth performance,digestive functions and immunity of broiler chickens显示文摘The aim of the experiment was to study the effects of feeding blends of sorbic acid, fumaric acid, and thymol(EOA) on growth performance, digestive functions, and immunity of broiler chickens. A total of 640 one-day-old male Cobb 500 chicks with similar BW(41.8 ± 0.6 g) were randomly divided into 4dietary treatment groups consisting of 10 replicates with 16 birds per replicate and fed a basal diet until d 42(CON) or diets with 0.15 g/kg enramycin during the grower period(AG), 0.30 g/kg EOA during the grower period(EG), or 0.30 g/kg EOA during the finisher period(EF). At d 42, the feed conversion ratio was reduced(P < 0.05) for birds in EG group compared with other groups. Birds in EG group showed a higher villus height of the duodenum and jejunum and muscular layers of the duodenum and ileum than birds in CON group(P < 0.05). Compared with other groups, crypt depth of the jejunum and ileum was markedly increased(P < 0.05) by EOA supplementation during the finisher period at d 42. The EOA supplementation during grower period increased significantly lipase, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities of the duodenum at d 21 and 42, as well as lipase and trypsin at d 21, and trypsin and chymotrypsin at d 42 in the jejunum, and trypsin and chymotrypsin activities of the ileum at d 21 compared to the control diet(P < 0.05). Birds of EG and EF groups showed a higher(P < 0.05) spleen index than birds of CON group. The level of secretory immunoglobulin A in duodenal and ileal mucosa was increased(P < 0.05) in EF group at d 42 compared with other groups. In conclusion, the results indicate that EOA can be effectively applied in broiler diets, especially during the grower phase by improving intestinal morphology and increasing digestive enzyme activity. | Xin Yang Hongliang Xin Chengbo Yang Xiaojun Yang | 2018 | Animal Nutrition2018，，4： | 20 |
| 9 | Effects of dietary supplementation of Artemisia argyi aqueous extract on antioxidant indexes of small intestine in broilers显示文摘The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of Artemisia argyi aqueous extract(AAE) on antioxidant indexes in the small intestine. A total of 192 Arbor Acre broiler chickens(one-day-old) were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 6 replicates of 8 chickens. These 4 diets were formulated by adding 0, 500,1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg AAE to the basal diet. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the control, the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC) in ileum for the 2,000 mg/kg treatment group was significantly increased at 21 days of age(P < 0.05); the T-AOC levels in jejunum and ileum were significantly increased in broilers supplemented with 500 mg/kg AAE at 42 days of age(P < 0.05), and the T-AOC levels in jejunum and ileum were significantly improved in 1,000 mg/kg treatment group(P < 0.01), 2) At 21 days of age, supplementation of 500 mg/kg AAE significantly increased the catalase(CAT) activity of small intestine, and the glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity of jejunum was improved(P < 0.01), meanwhile, the GSH-Px activity of duodenum and the total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD) activity of duodenum and jejunum were significantly higher than those of the control group(P < 0.05); supplementation of 1,000 mg/kg AAE significantly increased the CAT activity of duodenum and ileum and the GSH-Px activity of duodenum and jejunum(P < 0.05), and the ileum GSH-Px activity was significantly increased(P < 0.01); supplementation of 2,000 mg/kg AAE significantly increased the CAT activity of duodenum and ileum(P < 0.05). At 42 days of age, supplementation of 500 mg/kg AAE significantly increased the GSH-Px activity of ileum and the T-SOD activity of duodenum(P < 0.05),meanwhile, the T-SOD activity of jejunum was significantly increased(P < 0.01); supplementation of1,000 mg/kg AAE significantly increased the CAT activity of jejunum and the T-SOD activity of ileum(P < 0.01), and the GSH-Px activity of jejunum was significantly increased(P < 0.05); supplementation of2,000 mg/kg AAE significantly increased the T-SOD activity of ileum(P < 0.05), but significantly decreased the CAT activity of ileum and the GSH-Px activity of jejunum(P < 0.05). 3) The malondialdehyde(MDA) levels of 3 AAE supplementation groups were significantly decreased at 21 and 42 days of age(P < 0.05). The results suggested that dietary supplementation with AAE could improve the antioxidative capacity of small intestine in broilers. | Fei Zhao Binlin Shi Dengsheng Sun Hongyan Chen Manman Tong Pengfei Zhang Xiaoyu Guo Sumei Yan | 2016 | Animal Nutrition2016，，3： | 18 |
| 10 | Differential expression analysis of the broiler tracheal proteins responsible for the immune response and muscle contraction induced by high concentration of ammonia using iTRAQ-coupled 2D LC-MS/MS显示文摘Ammonia has been considered the contaminant primarily responsible for respiratory disease in poultry. Even though it can cause tracheal lesions, its adverse effects on the trachea have not been sufficiently studied. The present study investigated tracheal changes in Arbor Acres broilers(Gallus gallus) induced by high concentration of ammonia using isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification(iTRAQ)-based proteome analysis. In total, 3,706 proteins within false discovery rate of 1% were identified, including 119 significantly differentially expressed proteins. Functional analysis revealed that proteins related to immune response and muscle contraction were significantly enriched. With respect to the immune response, up-regulated proteins(like FGA) were pro-inflammatory, while down-regulated proteins participated in antigen processing and antigen presenting(like MYO1G), immunoglobulin and cathelicidin production(like fowlicidin-2), and immunodeficiency(like PTPRC). Regarding muscle contraction, all differentially expressed proteins(like TPM1) were up-regulated. An over-expression of mucin, which is a common feature of airway disease, was also observed. Additionally, the transcriptional alterations of 6 selected proteins were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. Overall, proteomic changes suggested the onset of airway obstruction and diminished host defense in trachea after ammonia exposure. These results may serve as a valuable reference for future interventions against ammonia toxicity. | Yan Xiong Xiangfang Tang Qingshi Meng Hongfu Zhang | 2016 | Science China(Life Sciences)2016，59，11： | 15 |
| 11 | Dietary sources and levels of selenium supplements affect growth performance,carcass yield,meat quality and tissue selenium deposition in broilers显示文摘This study examined the effects of sources and levels of selenium(Se)on performance,carcass parts yield,meat quality and tissue Se concentration in broilers.A total of 960 one-day-old male broilers were divided into 8 treatments in a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement.Chicks were penned in groups of 20 with6 pens per group.Selenium sources were sodium selenite(SS),Se enriched yeast(SY),DLselenomethionine(SM)and nano-selenium(NS)and dietary supplemental Se levels were 0.1 and0.3 mg/kg diet.The average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),feed:gain ratio,mortality,and carcass parts yield were not affected by dietary treatments.The level of 0.3 mg/kg Se decreased lightness and increased yellowness of the breast and thighs(P<0.001).Nano-selenium improved yellowness,redness and meat quality(P<0.05).The interactive effects of sources and the levels of Se affected Se retention(P<0.001).Inorganic Se showed poor retention compared to other sources of Se;and NS showed equal retention with the organic sources.With consideration to meat quality responses,NS had a more signific:ant positive effect compared to SS as an inorganic source of Se.Overall,NS and organic sources of Se resulted in better meat quality compared with the inorganic source.Moreover,the highest Se retention percentage was achieved by supplementation of NS followed by organic sources at0.1 mg/kg compared to SS. | Reza Bakhshalinejad Ahmad Hassanabadi Robert A.Swick | 2019 | Animal Nutrition2019，，3： | 13 |
| 12 | Meat quality traits of four Chinese indigenous chicken breeds and one commercial broiler stock显示文摘Meat quality traits of four genotypes of Chinese indigenous chicken [Ninghai chicken(NC),frizzle chicken(FC),Ninghai xiang chicken(XC),and Zhenning loquat chicken(LC)] and one genotype of commercial broiler [Arbor Acres plus broiler(AAB)] were analyzed.The indigenous chickens were raised before the commercial chickens in order to achieve the same final processed days.Indigenous chickens of NC,FC,XC,and LC showed significantly higher inosine-5′-monophosphate(IMP) content,shorter fiber diameter,and lower shear force than those of AAB(P<0.05).In the indigenous genotypes,NC and FC had significantly shorter fiber diameters and lower shear forces than XC and LC(P<0.05),and NC and XC had a higher IMP content than FC and LC(P<0.05).Moreover,the indigenous genotype of LC significantly displayed the highest protein content(P<0.05) in the five genotypes of birds,and no significant differences of protein content were found between the other genotypes of NC,FC,XC,and AAB(P>0.05).The indigenous chickens from FC displayed the highest total lipid content in the five bird genotypes(P<0.05).Significant differences of pH,color values of L* and a*,and drip loss for the five genotypes of birds were also observed.In conclusion,there were significant differences in the meat quality traits of the bird breeds selected in this study,and the indigenous chickens,especially the NC genotype,produced better quality meat as far as the IMP content,fiber diameters,and shear forces were concerned. | Rong-fa GUAN Fei LYU Xiao-qiang CHEN Jie-qing MA Han JIANG Chao-geng XIAO | 2013 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2013，14，10： | 12 |
| 13 | Dietary supplementation with Clostridium butyricum improves growth performance of broilers by regulating intestinal microbiota and mucosal epithelial cells显示文摘Clostridium butyricum has been widely considered an antibiotic substitute in recent years.It can promote growth performance,improve the immune response and enhance the intestinal barrier function of the host.In the present study,1-d-old Arbor Acres(AA)broilers were fed C.butyricum(1×109 cfu/kg)for 28 d.The transcriptomic characteristics of epithelial cells of the cecal mucosa were determined by RNA-sequence,and the cecal microbiota composition was explored by 16 S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.The changes in the intestinal mucosa of broilers were then analyzed by tissue staining.Gene Ontology(GO)annotations identified substance transport and processes and pathways that might participate in intestinal development and cell viability.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes are involved in numerous pathways related to amino acid and vitamin metabolism and antioxidant and defensive functions,among others.The relative expression of some genes associated with intestinal barrier function(claudins 2,15,19,and 23,tight junction proteins 1,2,and 3 and mucin 1)was significantly increased in the treatment group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Moreover,the proportion of Firmicutes was higher in the C.butyricum-treated group,whereas the proportion of Proteobacteria was higher in the control group.At the genus level,the relative abundances of Butyricicoccus and Lactobacillus,among other bacteria,were increased after C.butyricum supplementation.The tissue staining analysis showed that the cecal mucosa of broilers was significantly ameliorated after the addition of C.butyricum(P<0.05 or P<0.01).These results showed that dietary supplementation with C.butyricum can enhance the antioxidant capacity,mucosal barrier function,and stabilize the cecal microbiota,resulting in improving the growth performance. | Laipeng Xu Xiangli Sun Xianhua Wan Keke Li Fuchun Jian Wenting Li Ruirui Jiang Ruili Han Hong Li Xiangtao Kang Yanbin Wang | 2021 | Animal Nutrition2021，，4： | 12 |
| 14 | Diet supplementation with an organic acids-based formulation affects gut microbiota and expression of gut barrier genes in broilers显示文摘This study was designed to study the effect of diet supplementation with an organic acids-based formulation(OABF) on luminal-and mucosa-associated bacteria, concentration of volatile fatty acids(VFA), microbial glycolytic enzyme activity and expression of mucin 2(MUC2), immunoglobulin A(IgA)and tight junction protein, i.e., zonula occludens-1(ZO1), zonula occludens-2(ZO2), claudin-1(CLDN1),claudin-5(CLDN5) and occludin(OCLN), genes at the ileal and cecal level. A 2 × 2 factorial design was used having OABF inclusion and avilamycin as main factors. Subsequently, 544 day-old male Cobb broilers were allocated in the following 4 treatments, each with 8 replicates: no additions(CON), 1 g OABF/kg diet(OA),2.5 mg avilamycin/kg diet(AV) and combination of OA and AV(OAAV). The trial lasted for 42 days. In the ileum, OAAV resulted in lower mucosa-associated total bacteria levels(PO × A= 0.028) compared with AV.In addition, ileal digesta levels of Clostridium perfringens subgroup were decreased by avilamycin(PA= 0.045). Inclusion of OABF stimulated the activity of microbial glycolytic enzymes, whereas avilamycin resulted in lower acetate(PA= 0.021) and higher butyrate(PA= 0.010) molar ratios. Expression of ZO1 and CLDN5 was down-regulated by both OABF(PO= 0.016 and PO= 0.003, respectively) and avilamycin(PA= 0.016 and PA= 0.001, respectively). In addition, CLDN1 was down-regulated in AV compared with CON(PO × A= 0.012). Furthermore, OABF down-regulated MUC2(PO= 0.027), whereas avilamycin down-regulated nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1(NFKB1)(PA= 0.024), toll-like receptor 2 family member B(TLR2B)(PA= 0.011) and toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)(PA= 0.014) expression. In the ceca, OABF inclusion increased digesta levels of Clostridium coccoides(PO= 0.018) and Clostridium leptum(PO= 0.040) subgroups, while it up-regulated MUC2 expression(PO= 0.014). Avilamycin(PA= 0.044) and interaction(PO × A< 0.001) effects for IgA expression were noted, with CON having higher IgA expression compared with AV. In conclusion, new findings regarding OABF inclusion effects on an array of relevant biomarkers for broiler gut ecology have been reported and discussed in parallel with avilamycin effects used as a positive control. This new knowledge is expected to provide a response baseline for follow up trials under various stress and challenge conditions. | Irida Palamidi Konstantinos C.Mountzouris | 2018 | Animal Nutrition2018，，4： | 11 |
| 15 | Cassava:Nutrient composition and nutritive value in poultry diets显示文摘Insufficient supply, high prices and competition with the human food and biofuel industries means there is a continuous demand for alternative energy sources for poultry. As a result, cassava is becoming an increasingly important ingredient in poultry diets, largely due to its high availability. Efficient use of cassava products has been shown to reduce feed costs of poultry production. The utilisation of cassava is,however, limited by a number of factors, including its high fibre and low energy content and the presence of anti-nutritional factors, primarily hydrocyanic acid(HCN). With correct processing the inclusion level of cassava in poultry diets could be increased. Extensive research has been conducted on cassava products for poultry, but there is still a lack of consistency amongst the measured nutritive values for cassava and its products, hence variation exists in results from poultry studies. This paper reviews the nutrient composition of cassava products and its value as an alternative energy source in poultry diets. | Natalie K.Morgan Mingan Choct | 2016 | Animal Nutrition2016，，4： | 11 |
| 16 | Influence of starch sources and dietary protein levels on intestinal functionality and intestinal mucosal amino acids catabolism in broiler chickens显示文摘Background: There is growing interest in carbohydrate and protein nutrition to enhance the efficiency of animal production.Reduced-crude protein diets depress environmental pollution and feeding cost,but the challenge to their adoption is maintaining digestive function and growth performance of birds.The present study was conducted to evaluate the influence of different dietary starch sources and protein levels on intestinal functionality and mucosal amino acid catabolism.Methods: Six dietary treatments,based on maize and soybean meal,were offered to 360 AA+male chicks from 6 to 35 d post-hatch as a 3 × 2 factorial array.Either waxy rice or amylose was added to a conventional maize-soy diet to provide three sources of starch with different digestion rates and relatively high and low dietary protein levels.Growth performance,parameters of intestinal functionality and concentrations of free amino acid in the portal circulation were determined.Results: In the grower phase,starch source influenced(P < 0.02) weight gain as diets containing amylose supported significantly higher weight gains than waxy rice.Significant increase of ileal ATP concentrations and Na^+/K^+-ATPase activity were found in amylose treatment.Also,amylose decreased BrdU positive cell numbers and down-regulated m RNA expression for CASP-3.GOT activity in the ileum was higher(P < 0.01) in birds offered low protein diets and there was a trend(P = 0.057) for waxy rice as a starch source to increase ileal GOT activities.There was a significant influence on the concentration of seventeen amino acids in the portal circulation with tryptophan the one exception.Waxy rice as a starch source generated 13.6% and 22.4% numerically higher concentrations of non-essential amino acids than maize and amylose,respectively.Conclusions: Amino acid catabolism in the gut mucosa is subject to nutritional regulation.Given that amino acids can be spared from catabolism in the gut mucosa by supplementation of amylose,it follows their post-enteral availability would be improved and intestinal energy would be derived more efficiently from glucose. | Dafei Yin Peter H.Selle Amy F.Moss Youli Wang Xiaoyu Dong Zhibin Xiao Yuming Guo Jianmin Yuan | 2019 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2019，10，3： | 10 |
| 17 | Effects of yeast cell wall on growth performance, immune responses and intestinal short chain fatty acid concentrations of broilers in an experimental necrotic enteritis model显示文摘Subclinical necrotic enteritis(NE) causes devastating economic losses in the broiler chicken industry,especially in birds raised free of in-feed antibiotics. Prebiotics are potential alternatives to in-feed antibiotics. Yeast cell wall extract(YCW) derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a prebiotic with known immune modulating effects. This study examined the effects of YCW and antibiotics(AB) during subclinical NE on broiler growth performance, intestinal lesions, humoral immune response and gut microflora metabolites. The study employed a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Factors were:NE challenge(yes or no) and feed additive(control, AB, or YCW). Each treatment was replicated in 8 floor pens with 15 birds per pen. Challenged birds had higher feed conversion ratio(FCR) than unchallenged birds on d 35(P < 0.05). Dietary inclusion of AB decreased FCR regardless of challenge(P < 0.05) on d 24 and 35. Inclusion of YCW reduced serum interleukin-1(IL-1) concentration in NE challenged birds(P < 0.01) and increased immunoglobulin(Ig) G(P < 0.05) and Ig M(P < 0.05) levels compared to other dietary treatments regardless of challenge. Yeast cell wall extract increased formic acid concentration in cecal contents during challenge and increased butyric acid concentration in unchallenged birds on d 16.This study indicates YCW suppressed inflammatory response, promoted generation of immunoglobulin and increased short chain fatty acid production suggesting potential benefits to bird health. | Guang-Da Xue Shu-Biao Wu Mingan Choct Robert A.Swick | 2017 | Animal Nutrition2017，，4： | 9 |
| 18 | Supplemental magnolol or honokiol attenuates adverse effects in broilers infected with Salmonella pullorum by modulating mucosal gene expression and the gut microbiota显示文摘Background:Salmonella pullorum is one of the most harmful pathogens to avian species.Magnolol and honokiol,natural compounds extracted from Magnolia officinalis,exerts anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidant and antibacterial activities.This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplemental magnolol and honokiol in broilers infected with S.pullorum.A total of 360 one-day-old broilers were selected and randomly divided into four groups with six replicates:the negative control group(CTL),S.pullorum-infected group(SP),and the S.pulloruminfected group supplemented with 300 mg/kg honokiol(SPH)or magnolol(SPM).Results:The results showed that challenging with S.pullorum impaired growth performance in broilers,as indicated by the observed decreases in body weight(P<0.05)and average daily gains(P<0.05),along with increased spleen(P<0.01)and bursa of Fabricus weights(P<0.05),serum globulin contents,and the decreased intestine villus height and villus/crypt ratios(P<0.05).Notably,supplemental magnolol and honokiol attenuated these adverse changes,and the effects of magnolol were better than those of honokiol.Therefore,we performed RNA-Seq in ileum tissues and 16S rRNA gene sequencing of ileum bacteria.Our analysis revealed that magnolol increased the α-diversity(observed species,Chao1,ACE,and PD whole tree)and β-diversity of the ileum bacteria(P<0.05).In addition,magnolol supplementation increased the abundance of Lactobacillus(P<0.01)and decreased unidentified Cyanobacteria(P<0.05)both at d 14 and d 21.Further study confirmed that differentially expressed genes induced by magnolol and honokiol supplementation enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions,in the intestinal immune network for IgA production,and in the cell adhesion molecule pathways.Conclusions:Supplemental magnolol and honokiol alleviated S.pullorum-induced impairments in growth performance,and the effect of magnolol was better than that of honokiol,which could be partially due to magnolol’s ability to improve the intestinal microbial and mucosal barrier. | Fang Chen Hao Zhang Encun Du Qiwen Fan Na Zhao Feng Jin Wei Zhang Wanzheng Guo Shaowen Huang Jintao Wei | 2022 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2022，13，1： | 9 |
| 19 | Supplementation of grape pomace(Vitis vinifera) in broiler diets and its effect on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients,blood profile,and meat quality显示文摘This experiment was conducted to explore the efficacy of grape pomace(Vitis vinifera) on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients, blood profile, and meat quality in commercial broilers.Four hundred broiler chicks(3-d-old) were randomly allotted to 4 dietary treatments for 28 d.Each treatment had 5 replicates with 20 birds per replicate.The dietary treatments were 1) control, 2)5 g/kg grape pomace(GP), 3) 7.5 g/kg GP, and 4) 10 g/kg GP supplemented in diets after drying.Supplementation of GP did not show linear effects(P > 0.05) on body weight(BW) gain, however, quadratic effects(P < 0.05) on BW gain were observed during d 0 to 7 and d 8 to 14.Body weight gain, feed intake,and feed conversion ratio remained unaffected during d 22 to 28 and overall period.The nutrient digestibility studies conducted at the end of the feeding trial did not show(P > 0.05) any effect due to GP supplementation, except a quadratic trend(P=0.07) for digestibility of ash was observed.Serum levels of glucose, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were not affected(P > 0.05), however,total cholesterol and serum immunoglobulin G levels showed quadratic effects(P < 0.05) due to GP supplementation.The thio-barbituric acid reactive substances values in breast meat linearly decreased(P < 0.01) in supplemented groups at 0, 5, and 10 d of storage showing linear effects due to GP supplementation, and quadratic effects were also observed at 5 and 10 d of storage.The meat color value such as redness was also decreased(P < 0.05) in supplemented groups showing both linear and quadratic effects.Overall, it could be concluded that GP supplementation showed quadratic effects on BW gain during early growth stages and was effective in reducing serum cholesterol level and improving meat quality parameters in broilers. | Siska Aditya Sang-Jip Ohh Musabbir Ahammed Jayant Lohakare | 2018 | Animal Nutrition2018，，2： | 9 |
| 20 | Effects of ammonia exposure on carcass traits and fatty acid composition of broiler meat显示文摘We aimed to study the effects of ammonia on carcass traits, organ indices and fatty acid composition of broilers. Four hundred 21-d-old male Arbor Acres broilers with initial weight 563.52 ± 2.82 g were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 groups treated with ammonia at <3 mg/kg(control),25 ± 3. 50 ± 3, and75 ± 3 mg/kg concentrations. Each group consisted of 4 replicates of 25 birds. Broilers from 21 to 42 d were reared on the net floor in the respiration-metabolism chambers where similar environmental conditions were maintained. At 32 and 42 d of age, carcass traits and organ indices were determined for4 birds per pen. At 42 d of age, fatty acid composition in the breast and thigh muscle of broilers was measured. Results showed as follows: 1) At 32 d, the dressing percentage of broilers exposed to 25 and75 mg/kg ammonia were lower than those in the control group(P < 0.05); eviscerated yield percentage of broilers in the 25 mg/kg ammonia group was also lower(P < 0.05). At 42 d, the dressing percentage of broilers in the ammonia treatments and the thigh muscle percentage of broilers in the 50 and 75 mg/kg ammonia groups were lower(P < 0.05) than those in the control. Breast muscle percentage of broilers exposed to 25 and 50 mg/kg ammonia and eviscerated yield percentage exposed to 50 mg/kg ammonia were lower than those in the control(P < 0.05). 2) The kidney index of broilers(d 32) exposed to ammonia was greater(P < 0.05) than that of the control. At 42 d, hepatic index of broilers exposed to ammonia was increased(P < 0.05), and spleen index was decreased(P < 0.05). 3) At 42 d, stearic(C18:0)and saturated fatty acids(SFA) in the thigh muscle of broilers were higher, while the unsaturated fatty acid:saturated fatty acid(U:F) ratio and unsaturated fatty acid(UFA) were lower in the 50 mg/kg ammonia treatment than in the control group(P < 0.05). In conclusion, ammonia over 25 mg/kg could decline carcass traits and immune organ indices and increase the kidney and hepatic indices. Further,exposure to 50 mg/kg ammonia could also decrease breast and thigh muscle yield percentage while increasing SFA content and decreasing UFA content in the thigh muscle of broilers. | Huan Xing Sujun Luan Yongbo Sun Renna Sa Hongfu Zhang | 2016 | Animal Nutrition2016，，4： | 8 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员