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| 1 | Carbon foam with microporous structure for high performance symmetric potassium dual-ion capacitor显示文摘A novel carbon foam with microporous structure(CFMS),with the advantages of a simple fabrication process,low energy consumption,large specific surface area and high conductivity,has been prepared by a facile one-step carbonization.In addition,the carbon foam possesses suitable interlayer spacing in short range which is flexible to accommodate the deformation of carbon layer caused by the ion insertion and deinsertion at the charge and discharge state.Furthermore,a low cost carbon-based symmetric potassium dual-ion capacitor(PDIC),which integrates the virtues of potassium ion capacitors and dual-ion batteries,is successfully established with CFMS as both the battery-type cathode and the capacitor-type anode.PDIC displays a superior rate performance,an ultra-long cycle life(90%retention after 10000 cycles),and a high power density of 7800 W kg^-1 at an energy density of 39Whkg^-1.The PDIC also exhibits excellent ultrafast charge and slow discharge properties,with a full charge in just 60 s and a discharge time of more than 3000 s. | Yanhong Feng Suhua Chen Jue Wang Bingan Lu | 2020 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2020，29，4： | 10 |
| 2 | Technology development for ultraintense all-OPCPA systems显示文摘Optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification(OPCPA) [Dubietis et al., Opt. Commun. 88, 437(1992)] implemented by multikilojoule Nd:glass pump lasers is a promising approach to produce ultraintense pulses(>1023 W/cm2).Technologies are being developed to upgrade the OMEGA EP Laser System with the goal to pump an optical parametric amplifier line(EP OPAL) with two of the OMEGA EP beamlines. The resulting ultraintense pulses(1.5 kJ, 20 fs,1024 W/cm2) would be used jointly with picosecond and nanosecond pulses produced by the other two beamlines. A midscale OPAL pumped by the Multi-Terawatt(MTW) laser is being constructed to produce 7.5-J, 15-fs pulses and demonstrate scalable technologies suitable for the upgrade. MTW OPAL will share a target area with the MTW laser(50 J, 1 to 100 ps), enabling several joint-shot configurations. We report on the status of the MTW OPAL system, and the technology development required for this class of all-OPCPA laser system for ultraintense pulses. | J.Bromage S.-W.Bahk I.A.Begishev C.Dorrer M.J.Guardalben B.N.Hoffman J.B.Oliver R.G.Roides E.M.Schiesser M.J.Shoup III M.Spilatro B.Webb D.Weiner J.D.Zuegel | 2019 | High Power Laser Science and Engineering2019，7，1： | 7 |
| 3 | Ultrafast Form Ⅱ to Ⅰ Transition of Isotactic Polybutene-1显示文摘Isotactic polybutene-1 (iPB-1) is a semi-crystalline polymer with polymorph and puzzled structural transitions. The stable form I of iPB-1 with excellent physical and mechanical properties can hardly be obtained directly from the melt;instead, metastable form II will spontaneously and slowly transform into form I. Bypassing the unstable form II formation is of great significance in polymer processing, which inspires extensive research on seeking the pathways to direct formation of form I. Methods for accelerating form II to I transition are another main focus in terms of practical approach for directly obtaining form I. Taking advantage of the solvent, an ultrafast transition of iPB-1 from form II to I within minutes has been achieved at room temperature. Such an ultrafast transition is detected after treating with dichloromethane (DCM) at 30 ℃, though the framework of isothermally crystalized iPB-1 spherulite morphology could not be fully modified. The ultrafast II-I transition of iPB-1 is attributed to the solvent-induced packed-mesophase and temperature-selected chain conformation adjustment.This ultrafast transition would shed light on understanding the mechanisms of polymorphic transitions in iPB-1. | Xing Qiu Umair Azhar Jing-Qing Li Ding-Hai Huang Shi-Chun Jiang | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Polymer Science2019，37，7： | 6 |
| 4 | Millisecond synthesis of CoS nanopartides for highly efficient overall water splitting显示文摘High performance and low-cost electrocatalysts for overall water splitting,i.e.,catalyzing hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions with the same material,are of great importance for large-scale,renewable energy conversion processes.Here,we report an ultrafast(~7 ms)synthesis tech nique for tran sition metal chalcoge nide n anoparticles assisted by high temperature treatme nt.As a proof of con cept,we dem on strate that cobalt sulfide(~20 nm in diameter)@few-layer graphe ne(~2 nm in thick ness)core-shell nan oparticles embedded in RGO nano sheets exhibit remarkable bifunctional electrocatalytic activity and stability for overall water splitting,which is comparable to commercial 40 wt.%platinum/carbon(Pt/C)electrocatalysts.After 60 h of continuous operation,10 mA crrT?water splitting current density can still be achieved at a low potential of^1.77 V without any activity decay,which is among the most active for non-noble material based electrocatalysts.The presented study provides prospects in synthesizing highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for large-scale energy conversion application via a simple yet efficient technique. | Yanan Chen Shaomao Xu Shuze Zhu Rohit Jiji Jacob Glenn Pastel Yanbin Wang Yiju Li Jiaqi Dai Fengjuan Chen Hua Xie Boyang Liu Yonggang Yao Lourdes G. Salamanca-Riba Michael R. Zachariah Teng Li Liangbing Hu | 2019 | Nano Research2019，12，9： | 6 |
| 5 | Challenges and strategies for ultrafast aqueous zinc-ion batteries显示文摘With the rising demand for fast-charging technology in electric vehicles and portable devices,significant efforts have been devoted to the development of the highrate batteries.Among numerous candidates,rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZlBs)are a promising option due to its high theoretical capacity,low redox potential of zinc metal anode and inherent high ionic conductivity of aqueous electrolyte.As the strong electrostatic interaction between Zn^(2+)and host generally leads to sluggish electrode kinetics,many strategies have been proposed to enhance fast(dis)charging performance.Herein,we review the state-of-the-art ultrafast aqueous ZIBs and focus on the rational electrode-designing strategies,such as crystal structure engineering,nanostructuring and morphology controlling,conductive materials introducing and organic molecule designing.Recent research directions and future perspectives are also proposed in this review. | Qiao-Nan Zhu Zhen-Ya Wang Jia-Wei Wang Xiao-Yu Liu Dan Yang Li-Wei Cheng Meng-Yao Tang Yu Qin Hua Wang | 2021 | Rare Metals2021，40，2： | 5 |
| 6 | Scalable and ultrafast epitaxial growth of single-crystal graphene wafers for electrically tunable liquid-crystal microlens arrays显示文摘The scalable growth of wafer-sized single-crystal graphene in an energy-efficient manner and compatible with wafer process is critical for the killer applications of graphene in high-performance electronics and optoelectronics. Here, ultrafast epitaxial growth of single-crystal graphene wafers is realized on singlecrystal Cu90Ni10(1 1 1) thin films fabricated by a tailored two-step magnetron sputtering and recrystallization process. The minor nickel(Ni) content greatly enhances the catalytic activity of Cu, rendering the growth of a 4 in. single-crystal monolayer graphene wafer in 10 min on Cu90Ni10(1 1 1), 50 folds faster than graphene growth on Cu(1 1 1). Through the carbon isotope labeling experiments, graphene growth on Cu90Ni10(1 1 1) is proved to be exclusively surface-reaction dominated, which is ascribed to the Cu surface enrichment in the Cu Ni alloy, as indicated by element in-depth profile. One of the best benefits of our protocol is the compatibility with wafer process and excellent scalability. A pilot-scale chemical vapor deposition(CVD) system is designed and built for the mass production of single-crystal graphene wafers, with productivity of 25 pieces in one process cycle. Furthermore, we demonstrate the application of single-crystal graphene in electrically controlled liquid-crystal microlens arrays(LCMLA), which exhibit highly tunable focal lengths near 2 mm under small driving voltages. By integration of the graphene based LCMLA and a CMOS sensor, a prototype camera is proposed that is available for simultaneous light-field and light intensity imaging. The single-crystal graphene wafers could hold great promising for highperformance electronics and optoelectronics that are compatible with wafer process. | Bing Deng Zhaowei Xin Ruiwen Xue Shishu Zhang Xiaozhi Xu Jing Gao Jilin Tang Yue Qi Yani Wang Yan Zhao Luzhao Sun Huihui Wang Kaihui Liu Mark H. Rummeli Lu-Tao Weng Zhengtang Luo Lianming Tong Xinyu Zhang Changsheng Xie Zhongfan Liu Hailin Peng | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，10： | 4 |
| 7 | Ultrafast growth of large single crystals of monolayer WS2 and WSe2显示文摘Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)have attracted considerable attention as atomically thin semiconductors for the ultimate transistor scaling.For practical applications in integrated electronics,large monolayer single crystals are essential for ensuring consistent electronic properties and high device yield.The TMDs available today are generally obtained by mechanical exfoliation or chemical vapor deposition(CVD)growth,but are often of mixed layer thickness,limited single crystal domain size or have very slow growth rate.Scalable and rapid growth of large single crystals of monolayer TMDs requires maximization of lateral growth rate while completely suppressing the vertical growth,which represents a fundamental synthetic challenge and has motivated considerable efforts.Herein we report a modified CVD approach with controllable reverse flow for rapid growth of large domain single crystals of monolayer TMDs.With the use of reverse flow to precisely control the chemical vapor supply in the thermal CVD process,we can effectively prevent undesired nucleation before reaching optimum growth temperature and enable rapid nucleation and growth of monolayer TMD single crystals at a high temperature that is difficult to attain with use of a typical thermal CVD process.We show that monolayer single crystals of 450μm lateral size can be prepared in 10 s,with the highest lateral growth rate up to 45μm/s.Electronic characterization shows that the resulting monolayer WSe2 material exhibits excellent electronic properties with carrier mobility up to 90 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1,comparable to that of the best exfoliated monolayers.Our study provides a robust pathway for rapid growth of high-quality TMD single crystals. | Zhengwei Zhang Peng Chen Xiangdong Yang Yuan Liu Huifang Ma Jia Li Bei Zhao Jun Luo Xidong Duan Xiangfeng Duan | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，4： | 4 |
| 8 | A protocol for structured illumination microscopy with minimal reconstruction artifacts显示文摘The imaging rate of structured illumination microscopy (SIM) reached 188 Hz recently. As the exposure time decreases, the camera detects fewer virtual photons, while the noise level remains the same. As a result, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) decreases sharply. Furthermore, the SNR decreases further because of photobleaching and phototoxicity. This decreased quality of SIM raw data may lead to surprising artifacts with various causes, which may confuse a new user of SIM microscopy. We summarize three significant possible sources of severe artifacts in reconstructed super-resolution (SR) images. Ultrafast motion of a biological sample or an uneven illumination pattern is the most difficult to be identified. The estimated parameter could also be incorrect, leading to artifact of regular patterns. Furthermore, rec on struction with the Wiener method generates stochastic artifacts due to the amplification of noise during the deconvolution process. To deal with these problems, we have established a protocol to reconstruct ultrafast SIM raw data obtained in low SNR conditions. First, we checked the quality of the raw data with the ImageJ plugin SIMcheck before rec on struction. Then, a modified parameter estimation method was used to improve the precision of the parameters. Finally, an iterative algorithm was used for SIM reconstruction under low signal-to-noise ratio cond让ions. This procedure effectively suppressed the artifacts in the super-resoluti on images rec on structed from raw data of low signal-to-noise ratio. | Junchao Fan Xiaoshuai Huang Liuju Li Shan Tan Liangyi Chen | 2019 | Biophysics Reports2019，5，2： | 4 |
| 9 | 激光、啁啾脉冲放大、超快光学和诺贝尔奖显示文摘2018年诺贝尔物理学奖表彰了两项在激光物理领域的突破性发明,其中啁啾脉冲放大是获得超强超短激光脉冲的核心技术.本文介绍了自1960年世界上第一台激光器问世以来,人们在追求超短激光脉冲过程中一系列关键成果,及其在现代科学研究中的重要应用. | 赵昆 | 2019 | 科学通报2019，64，14： | 4 |
| 10 | Biexciton Auger recombination in mono-dispersed, quantum-confined CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals obeys universal volume-scaling显示文摘Auger recombination has been a long?standing obstacle to many prospective applications of colloidal quantum dots (QDs) ranging from lasing, light-emitting diodes to bio-labeling. As such, understanding the physical underpinnings and scaling laws for Auger recombination is essential to these applications. Previous studies of biexciton Auger recombination in various QDs established a universal scaling of biexciton lifetime (rxx) with QD volume (V):τxx =γV. However, recent measurements on perovskite nanocrystals (NCs), an emerging class of enablers for light harvest!ng and emitting applications, showed significant deviations from this universal scaling law, likely because the measured NCs are weakly-confined and also have relatively broad size-distributions. Here we study biexciton Auger recombination in mono-dispersed (size distributions within 1.7%—9.0%), quantunvconfined CsPbBr3 NCs (with confinement energy up to 410 meV) synthesized using a latest approach based on thermodynamic equilibrium control. Our measurements clearly reproduce the volume-scaling of τxx in confined CsPbBb QDs. However, the scaling factor γ(0.085 ± 0.001 ps/nm^3) is one order of magnitude lower than that reported for CdSe and PbSe QDs (1.00 ± 0.05 ps/nm^3), suggest!ng unique mechanisms enhancing Auger recombination rate in perovskite NCs. | Yulu Li Tao Ding Xiao Luo Zongwei Chen Xue Liu Xin Lu Kaifeng Wu | 2019 | Nano Research2019，12，3： | 4 |
| 11 | Supplementary Materials: Ultrafast charge transfer in dual graphene-WS_2 van der Waals quadrilayer heterostructures显示文摘1. The transient absorption spectra of the WS2 monolayer sample.In the measurement of the transient absorption spectra of the WS2 monolayer sample, A 400-nm (3.1eV) pump pulse with a peak fluence of about 10μJ/cm2excites the electrons from the valence band into the conduction band。 | 宋宗鹏 朱海鸥 史文涛 孙大林 阮双琛 | 2018 | Chinese Physics Letters2018，35，12： | 3 |
| 12 | Biomimetic fibrous Murray membranes with ultrafast water transport and evaporation for smart moisture-wicking fabrics显示文摘With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,a study by the research group led by Prof.Ding Bin(丁彬)and Prof.Wang XianFeng(王先锋),both from the Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology,Donghua University,demonstrates the antigravity directional water transport and quick dry performance in the biomimetic micro-and nanofibrous Murray membranes,which was published in ACS Nano(DOI:10.1021/acsnano.8b08242). | | 2019 | Science Foundation in China2019，27，1： | 3 |
| 13 | Quantum model simulations of attosecond electron diffraction显示文摘Ultrafast diffraction with free attosecond electron pulses promises insight into the four-dimensional motion of charge density inatoms,molecules and condensed matter. Here we consider the quantum dynamics of the electron-electron scattering process on anattosecond time scale. By numerically solving the time-dependent two-electron Schrdinger equation,we investigate the interactionof an incoming keV-range electron wavepacket by the bound electron of an aligned H+2 molecule,using a one-dimensional model.Our findings reveal the ratio of elastic to inelastic contributions,the role of exchange interaction,and the influence of the molecularelectron density to diffraction. Momentum transfer during the scattering process,from the incoming to the bound electron mediatedby the nuclei,leaves the bound electron in a state of coherent oscillation with attosecond recurrences. Entanglement causes relatedstate-selective oscillations in the phase shift of the scattered electron. Two scenarios of distinguishable and indistinguishable freeand bound electrons yield equivalent results,irrespective of the electronic spins. This suggests to employ the scenario of distinguishable electrons,which is computationally less demanding. Our findings support the possibility of using electron diffraction forimaging the motion of charge density,but also suggest the application of free electron pulses for inducing attosecond dynamics. | Peter BAUM Jrn MANZ Axel SCHILD | 2010 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2010，53，6： | 3 |
| 14 | Highly stable femtosecond pulse generation from a MXene Ti_3C_2T_x(T = F, O, or OH) mode-locked fiber laser显示文摘Ultrafast fiber lasers are in great demand for various applications, such as optical communication, spectroscopy,biomedical diagnosis, and industrial fabrication. Here, we report the highly stable femtosecond pulse generation from a MXene mode-locked fiber laser. We have prepared the high-quality Ti_3C_2 T_x nanosheets via the etching method, and characterized their ultrafast dynamics and broadband nonlinear optical responses. The obvious intensity-and wavelength-dependent nonlinear responses have been observed and investigated. In addition, a highly stable femtosecond fiber laser with signal-to-noise ratio up to 70.7 dB and central wavelength of 1567.3 nm has been delivered. The study may provide some valuable design guidelines for the development of ultrafast, broadband nonlinear optical modulators, and open new avenues toward advanced photonic devices based on MXenes. | JIE LI ZILONG ZHANG LIN DU LILI MIAO JUN YI BIN HUANG YANHONG ZOU CHUJUN ZHAO SHUANGCHUN WEN | 2019 | Photonics Research2019，7，3： | 3 |
| 15 | High-repetition-rate, high-peak-power 1450 nm laser source based on optical parametric chirped pulse amplification显示文摘We present a high-peak-power,near-infrared laser system based on optical parametric chirped pulse amplification pumped by a home-built picosecond pumping laser,which can generate over 40 mJ energy at 1450 nm center wavelength and operate at 100 Hz repetition rate.Subsequently,the chirped laser pulses are compressed down to 60 fs with 26.5 mJ energy,corresponding to a peak power of 0.44 TW. This high-energy,long-wavelength laser source is highly suitable for driving various nonlinear optical phenomena,such as high-order harmonic generation and high-flux coherent extreme ultraviolet/soft X-ray radiation. | Pengfei Wang Beijie Shao Hongpeng Su Xinlin Lv Yanyan Li Yujie Peng Yuxin Leng | 2019 | High Power Laser Science and Engineering2019，7，2： | 2 |
| 16 | Interference pattern generation and simulation in the single beam of a white light continuum显示文摘We demonstrate the interference phenomenon in the White Light Continuum(WLC) generated by a single femtosecond laser beam. Different kinds of spatial interference patterns of the WLC generation under various conditions were investigated. The spatial patterns were attributed to interference between the filaments in the WLC generated by the fundamental laser beam yielding the diffraction effect from spatial confinement. Simulations of different patterns were performed. By comparing the results of simulation with those of experiments,the distances of several micrometers between the neighboring filaments can be derived,which agree with the literature values from direct measurements. | YU ZhiHao & WENG YuXiang Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics,Institute of Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics,Beijing 100190,China | 2010 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2010，53，6： | 2 |
| 17 | Nonadiabatic dynamics and geometric phase of an ultrafast rotating electron spin显示文摘The spin in a rotating frame has attracted a lot of attentions recently,as it deeply relates to both fundamental physics such as pseudo-magnetic field and geometric phase,and applications such as gyroscopic sensors.However,previous studies only focused on adiabatic limit,where the rotating frequency is much smaller than the spin frequency.Here we propose to use a levitated nano-diamond with a built-in nitrogen-vacancy(NV)center to study the dynamics and the geometric phase of a rotating electron spin without adiabatic approximation.We find that the transition between the spin levels appears when the rotating frequency is comparable to the spin frequency at zero magnetic field.Then we use Floquet theory to numerically solve the spin energy spectrum,study the spin dynamics and calculate the geometric phase under a finite magnetic field,where the rotating frequency to induce resonant transition could be greatly reduced. | Xing-Yan Chen Tongcang Li Zhang-Qi Yin | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，6： | 2 |
| 18 | Real-time whole-brain imaging of hemodynamics and oxygenation at micro-vessel resolution with ultrafast wide-field photoacoustic microscopy显示文摘High-speed high-resolution imaging of the whole-brain hemodynamics is critically important to facilitating neurovascular research.High imaging speed and image quality are crucial to visualizing real-time hemodynamics in complex brain vascular networks,and tracking fast pathophysiological activities at the microvessel level,which will enable advances in current queries in neurovascular and brain metabolism research,including stroke,dementia,and acute brain injury.Further,real-time imaging of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin(sO_(2))can capture fast-paced oxygen delivery dynamics,which is needed to solve pertinent questions in these fields and beyond.Here,we present a novel ultrafast functional photoacoustic microscopy(UFF-PAM)to image the whole-brain hemodynamics and oxygenation.UFF-PAM takes advantage of several key engineering innovations,including stimulated Raman scattering(SRS)based dual-wavelength laser excitation,water-immersible 12-facet-polygon scanner,high-sensitivity ultrasound transducer,and deep-learning-based image upsampling.A volumetric imaging rate of 2 Hz has been achieved over a field of view(FOV)of 11×7.5×1.5 mm^(3) with a high spatial resolution of~10 μm.Using the UFF-PAM system,we have demonstrated proof-of-concept studies on the mouse brains in response to systemic hypoxia,sodium nitroprusside,and stroke.We observed the mouse brain's fast morphological and functional changes over the entire cortex,including vasoconstriction,vasodilation,and deoxygenation.More interestingly,for the first time,with the whole-brain FOV and micro-vessel resolution,we captured the vasoconstriction and hypoxia simultaneously in the spreading depolarization(SD)wave.We expect the new imaging technology will provide a great potential for fundamental brain research under various pathological and physiological conditions. | Xiaoyi Zhu Qiang Huangl Anthony Dispirito Tri Vu Qiangzhou Rong Xiaorui Peng Huaxin Sheng Xiling Shen Qifa Zhou Laiming Jiang Ulrike Hoffmann Junjie Yao | 2022 | Light(Science & Applications)2022，11，6： | 2 |
| 19 | Ultrahigh spatiotemporal resolved spectroscopy显示文摘We review the technique and research of the ultrahigh spatiotemporal resolved spectroscopy and its applications in the field of the ultrafast dynamics of mesoscopic systems and nanomaterials. Combining femtosecond time-resolved spectroscopy and scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM),we can obtain the spectra with ultrahigh temporal and spatial resolutions simultaneously. Some problems in doing so are discussed. Then we show the important applications of the ultrahigh spatiotemporal resolved spectroscopy with a few typical examples. | LI Zhi,ZHANG JiaSen,YANG Jing & GONG QiHuang Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China | 2007 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2007，50，6： | 2 |
| 20 | Recycle spent graphite to defect-engineered,high-power graphite anode显示文摘Graphite is a dominant anode material for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to its outstanding electrochemical performance.However,slow lithium ion(Li+)kinetics of graphite anode restricts its further application.Herein,we report that high-temperature shock(HTS)can drive spent graphite(SG)into defect-rich recycled graphite(DRG)which is ideal for high-rate anode.The DRG exhibits the charging specific capacity of 323 mAh/g at a high current density of 2 C,which outperforms commercial graphite(CG,120 mAh/g).The eminent electrochemical performance of DRG can be attributed to the recovery of layered structure and partial remaining defects of SG during ultrafast heating and cooling process,which can effectively reduce total strain energy,accelerate the phase transition in thermodynamics and improve the Li+diffusion.This study provides a facile strategy to guide the re-graphitization of SG and design high performance battery electrode materials by defect engineering from the atomic level. | Jiawei Luo Jingchao Zhang Zhaoxin Guo Zhedong Liu Shuming Dou Wei-Di Liu Yanan Chen Wenbin Hu | 2023 | Nano Research2023，16，4： | 2 |
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