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| 1 | On-the-fly active learning of interpretable Bayesian force fields for atomistic rare events显示文摘Machine learned force fields typically require manual construction of training sets consisting of thousands of first principles calculations,which can result in low training efficiency and unpredictable errors when applied to structures not represented in the training set of the model.This severely limits the practical application of these models in systems with dynamics governed by important rare events,such as chemical reactions and diffusion.We present an adaptive Bayesian inference method for automating the training of interpretable,low-dimensional,and multi-element interatomic force fields using structures drawn on the fly from molecular dynamics simulations.Within an active learning framework,the internal uncertainty of a Gaussian process regression model is used to decide whether to accept the model prediction or to perform a first principles calculation to augment the training set of the model.The method is applied to a range of single-and multi-element systems and shown to achieve a favorable balance of accuracy and computational efficiency,while requiring a minimal amount of ab initio training data.We provide a fully opensource implementation of our method,as well as a procedure to map trained models to computationally efficient tabulated force fields. | Jonathan Vandermause Steven B.Torrisi Simon Batzner Yu Xie Lixin Sun Alexie M.Kolpak Boris Kozinsky | 2020 | npj Computational Materials2020，，1： | 17 |
| 2 | COP9 signalosome: Discovery, conservation,activity, and function显示文摘The COP9 signalosome(CSN)is a conserved protein complex,typically composed of eight subunits(designated as CSN1 to CSN8)in higher eukaryotes such as plants and animals,but of fewer subunits in some lower eukaryotes such as yeasts.The CSN complex is originally identified in plants from a genetic screen for mutants that mimic light-induced photomorphogenic development when grown in the dark.The CSN complex regulates the activity of cullin-RING ligase(CRL)families of E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes,and play critical roles in regulating gene expression,cell proliferation,and cell cycle.This review aims to summarize the discovery,composition,structure,and function of CSN in the regulation of plant development in response to external(light and temperature)and internal cues(phytohormones). | Nanxun Qin Dongqing Xu Jigang Li Xing Wang Deng | 2020 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2020，62，1： | 6 |
| 3 | Deterministic Approach to Achieve Full-Polarization Cloak显示文摘Achieving full-polarization(σ)invisibility on an arbitrary three-dimensional(3D)platform is a long-held knotty issue yet extremely promising in real-world stealth applications.However,state-of-the-art invisibility cloaks typically work under a specific polarization because the anisotropy and orientation-selective resonant nature of artificial materials made theσ-immune operation elusive and terribly challenging.Here,we report a deterministic approach to engineer a metasurface skin cloak working under an arbitrary polarization state by theoretically synergizing two cloaking phase patterns required,respectively,at spin-up(σ+)and spin-down(σ−)states.Therein,the wavefront of any light impinging on the cloak can be well preserved since it is a superposition ofσ+andσ−wave.To demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability,several proof-of-concept metasurface cloaks are designed to wrap over a 3D triangle platform at microwave frequency.Results show that our cloaks are essentially capable of restoring the amplitude and phase of reflected beams as if light was incident on a flat mirror or an arbitrarily predesigned shape under full polarization states with a desirable bandwidth of~17.9%,conceiving or deceiving an arbitrary object placed inside.Our approach,deterministic and robust in terms of accurate theoretical design,reconciles the milestone dilemma in stealth discipline and opens up an avenue for the extreme capability of ultrathin 3D cloaking of an arbitrary shape,paving up the road for real-world applications. | He-Xiu Xu Yanzhao Wang Chaohui Wang Mingzhao Wang Shaojie Wang Fei Ding Yongjun Huang Xiaokuan Zhang Haiwen Liu Xiaohui Ling Wei Huang | 2021 | Research2021，，1： | 5 |
| 4 | MATRIEX imaging:multiarea two-photon real-time in vivo explorer显示文摘Two-photon laser scanning microscopy has been extensively applied to study in vivo neuronal activity at cellular and subcellular resolutions in mammalian brains.However,the extent of such studies is typically confined to a single functional region of the brain.Here,we demonstrate a novel technique,termed the multiarea two-photon real-time in vivo explorer(MATRIEX),that allows the user to target multiple functional brain regions distributed within a zone of up to 12mm in diameter,each with a field of view(FOV)of ~200μm in diameter,thus performing two-photon Ca2+imaging with single-cell resolution in all of the regions simultaneously.For example,we demonstrate real-time functional imaging of single-neuron activities in the primary visual cortex,primary motor cortex and hippocampal CA1 region of mice in both anesthetized and awake states.A unique advantage of the MATRIEX technique is the configuration of multiple microscopic FOVs that are distributed in three-dimensional space over macroscopic distances(>1 mm)both laterally and axially but that are imaged by a single conventional laser scanning device.In particular,the MATRIEX technique can be effectively implemented as an add-on optical module for an existing conventional single-beam-scanning two-photon microscope without requiring any modification to the microscope itself.Thus,the MATRIEX technique can be readily applied to substantially facilitate the exploration of multiarea neuronal activity in vivo for studies of brain-wide neural circuit function with single-cell resolution. | Mengke Yang Zhenqiao Zhou Jianxiong Zhang Shanshan Jia Tong Li Jiangheng Guan Xiang Liao Bing Leng Jing Lyu Kuan Zhang Min Li Yan Gong Zhiming Zhu Junan Yan Yi Zhou Jian K Liu Zsuzsanna Varga Arthur Konnerth Yuguo Tang Jinsong Gao Xiaowei Chen Hongbo Jia | 2019 | Light(Science & Applications)2019，8，1： | 4 |
| 5 | Hybridisation of perovskite nanocrystals with organic molecules for highly efficient liquid scintillators显示文摘Compared with solid scintillators,liquid scintillators have limited capability in dosimetry and radiography due to their relatively low light yields.Here,we report a new generation of highly efficient and low-cost liquid scintillators constructed by surface hybridisation of colloidal metal halide perovskite CsPbA_(3)(A:Cl,Br,I)nanocrystals(NCs)with organic molecules(2,5-diphenyloxazole).The hybrid liquid scintillators,compared to state-of-the-art CsI and Gd_(2)O_(2)S,demonstrate markedly highly competitive radioluminescence quantum yields under X-ray irradiation typically employed in diagnosis and treatment.Experimental and theoretical analyses suggest that the enhanced quantum yield is associated with X-ray photon-induced charge transfer from the organic molecules to the NCs.High-resolution X-ray imaging is demonstrated using a hybrid CsPbBr_(3) NC-based liquid scintillator.The novel X-ray scintillation mechanism in our hybrid scintillators could be extended to enhance the quantum yield of various types of scintillators,enabling low-dose radiation detection in various fields,including fundamental science and imaging. | Sangeun Cho Sungwoo Kim Jongmin Kim Yongcheol Jo Ilhwan Ryu Seongsu Hong Jae-Joon Lee SeungNam Cha Eun BiNam Sang Uck Lee Sam Kyu Noh Hyungsang Kim Jungwon Kwak Hyunsik Im | 2020 | Light(Science & Applications)2020，9，1： | 4 |
| 6 | Reuse of N95 Masks显示文摘As the C0V1D-19 pandemic enters its second month(April 2020)in the United States,one of the simplest pieces of medical equipment is in desperately short supply:medical-grade protective facemasks,typically engineered and specified for a single use only.Now,to meet the critical and quickly intensifying need,Chinese and American engineers are devising new procedures for decontaminating and reusing masks that hospitals already have on hand(Fig.1)[1].Although some of these procedures require specialized equipment,others are simple enough to use at home(Fig.2)[2,3]. | Dana Mackenzie | 2020 | Engineering2020，6，6： | 3 |
| 7 | Structural biology of SARS-CoV-2:open the door for novel therapies显示文摘Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)is the causative agent of the pandemic disease COVID-19,which is so far without efficacious treatment.The discovery of therapy reagents for treating COVID-19 are urgently needed,and the structures of the potential drug-target proteins in the viral life cycle are particularly important.SARS-CoV-2,a member of the Orthocoronavirinae subfamily containing the largest RNA genome,encodes 29 proteins including nonstructural,structural and accessory proteins which are involved in viral adsorption,entry and uncoating,nucleic acid replication and transcription,assembly and release,etc.These proteins individually act as a partner of the replication machinery or involved in forming the complexes with host cellular factors to participate in the essential physiological activities.This review summarizes the representative structures and typically potential therapy agents that target SARS-CoV-2 or some critical proteins for viral pathogenesis,providing insights into the mechanisms underlying viral infection,prevention of infection,and treatment.Indeed,these studies open the door for COVID therapies,leading to ways to prevent and treat COVID-19,especially,treatment of the disease caused by the viral variants are imperative. | Weizhu Yan Yanhui Zheng Xiaotao Zeng Bin He Wei Cheng | 2022 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2022，7，2： | 2 |
| 8 | Sharkskin-Inspired Magnetoactive Reconfigurable Acoustic Metamaterials显示文摘Most of the existing acoustic metamaterials rely on architected structures with fixed configurations,and thus,their properties cannot be modulated once the structures are fabricated.Emerging active acoustic metamaterials highlight a promising opportunity to on-demand switch property states;however,they typically require tethered loads,such as mechanical compression or pneumatic actuation.Using untethered physical stimuli to actively switch property states of acoustic metamaterials remains largely unexplored.Here,inspired by the sharkskin denticles,we present a class of active acoustic metamaterials whose configurations can be on-demand switched via untethered magnetic fields,thus enabling active switching of acoustic transmission,wave guiding,logic operation,and reciprocity.The key mechanism relies on magnetically deformable Mie resonator pillar(MRP)arrays that can be tuned between vertical and bent states corresponding to the acoustic forbidding and conducting,respectively.The MRPs are made of a magnetoactive elastomer and feature wavy air channels to enable an artificial Mie resonance within a designed frequency regime.The Mie resonance induces an acoustic bandgap,which is closed when pillars are selectively bent by a sufficiently large magnetic field.These magnetoactive MRPs are further harnessed to design stimuli-controlled reconfigurable acoustic switches,logic gates,and diodes.Capable of creating the first generation of untethered-stimuli-induced active acoustic metadevices,the present paradigm may find broad engineering applications,ranging from noise control and audio modulation to sonic camouflage. | Kyung Hoon Lee Kunhao Yu Hasan Al Ba’ba’a An Xin Zhangzhengrong Feng Qiming Wang | 2020 | Research2020，，1： | 2 |
| 9 | 自反应决定石墨烯团聚的不可逆显示文摘Graphene has received increased attention recently owing to its wide range of significant applications.Graphene is comprised of planar sheets of carbon atoms arranged in six-membered ring networks(Fig.1a).An atomically thin sheet of this substance can be regarded as molecular entity,in which nanometer-scale corrugations and defects create different physical and chemical environments.Knowledge about how these sheets interact with solvent molecules and how the defects govern these interactions is a critical component of understanding and predicting the liquid-phase chemistry of graphene.Contact angle measurements have been typically utilized to gain macroscopic information about interfacial interactions occurring between water and graphene.Owing to its one carbon atom thickness,the top single-layer of graphene is wetting transparent to the underlying substrates[1,2].The surface hydrophobicity of graphene can be induced by adsorption of airborne pollutants(e.g.,hydrocarbons)[3].In addition,graphenebased interfacial materials having either superhydrophobicity or superhydrophilicity have been developed. | 董莹 李静 阳晓宇 | 2022 | Science Bulletin2022，67，19： | 2 |
| 10 | Degeneration Versus Development: Hunting-Out the D-Unit of Huntington's Disease显示文摘Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion exceeding a threshold length (>35repeats) in exon 1 of the huntingtin gene (HTT)[1]. The age at onset is typically 40–50 years, except for a very low percentage (approximately 6%) of juvenile-onset HD patients carrying 75 or more CAG repeats;longer CAG repeats predict an earlier onset [1]. | Shengyi Lu Boxun Lu | 2021 | Neuroscience Bulletin2021，37，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Addressing e-cigarette health claims made on social media amidst the COVID-19 pandemic显示文摘We are in a global pandemic that is responsible for more than 73.6 million confirmed cases and over 1.64 million deaths.Recent evidence highlights that electronic cigarette(e-cig)use by young people has a strong association with COVID-19 diagnosis[1].The e-cig industry has successfully utilized social media platforms to market e-cigs to adolescents[2].The industry typically posts on various social media sites,such as Ins-tagram and Reddit,frequented by adolescents. | Nilanga Aki Bandara Jay Herath Vahid Mehrnoush | 2021 | World Journal of Pediatrics2021，17，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Photon Counting Optical Time Domain Reflectometry Applying a Single Photon Modulation Technique显示文摘Photon-counting optical time domain reflectometry(v-OTDR)is typically used in a mode with spatial resolution in the centimeter range.Here we demonstrate a 1550 nm v-OTDR system to optimize the discriminate voltage of a single photon avalanche detector using a single photon modulation and demodulation technique,which shows obvious improvement in the signal intensity.The intensity of signal is doubled when the discriminator voltage is optimized from 184 mV to 162 mV. | 王晓波 王晶晶 何博 肖连团 贾锁堂 | 2011 | Chinese Physics Letters2011，28，7： | 1 |
| 13 | Astrocytes:everything but the glue显示文摘The current knowledge in neuroscience indicates that the neural tissue has two major cell populations:neurons and glia(term derived from the Greek word for glue).Neuronal population is characterized by the capacity to produce action potentials,whereas glial cells are typically identified as the subordinate cell population of neurons.Till date,this point of view has changed dramatically,and growing evidence indicates that glial cells play a crucial role in normal mental functions and the pathogenesis of neurological diseases. | Oscar Gonzalez-Perez Veronica Lopez-Virgen Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa | 2015 | Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation2015，2，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Latent Space Phenotyping:Automatic Image-Based Phenotyping for Treatment Studies显示文摘Association mapping studies have enabled researchers to identify candidate loci for many important environmental tolerance factors,including agronomically relevant tolerance traits in plants.However,traditional genome-by-environment studies such as these require a phenotyping pipeline which is capable of accurately measuring stress responses,typically in an automated highthroughput context using image processing.In this work,we present Latent Space Phenotyping(LSP),a novel phenotyping method which is able to automatically detect and quantify response-to-treatment directly from images.We demonstrate example applications using data from an interspecific cross of the model C_(4) grass Setaria,a diversity panel of sorghum(S.bicolor),and the founder panel for a nested association mapping population of canola(Brassica napus L.).Using two synthetically generated image datasets,we then show that LSP is able to successfully recover the simulated QTL in both simple and complex synthetic imagery.We propose LSP as an alternative to traditional image analysis methods for phenotyping,enabling the phenotyping of arbitrary and potentially complex response traits without the need for engineering-complicated image-processing pipelines. | Jordan Ubbens Mikolaj Cieslak Przemyslaw Prusinkiewicz Isobel Parkin Jana Ebersbach Ian Stavness | 2020 | Plant Phenomics2020，2，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Decision framework of group consensus with hesitant fuzzy linguistic preference relations显示文摘Group decision making typically requires eliciting and coordinating the preferences of group members.In this study,the authors develop an overall framework of group consensus in context of hesitant fuzzy linguistic preference relations(HFLPRs).A new notion of distance measure between two HFLPRs is defined,based on which a consensual framework consists of two mechanisms,the automatic consensus reaching and the interactive consensus reaching is presented.Accordingly,they,respectively,design two algorithms to implement these mechanisms.Finally,a group decision problem of green supplier selection is provided to exemplify and verify both of the proposed methods,and a comparative analysis with some related approaches is performed. | Yang Lin Ying-Ming Wang | 2020 | CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology2020，5，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Non-invasive electrical stimulation as a potential treatment for retinal degenerative diseases显示文摘More than 38.5 million people are estimated to be affected by blindness worldwide in 2020(Flaxman et al., 2017). Among the diseases that cause visual impairment, refractive errors are typically corrected with glasses and cataract with surgery. The leading causes of irreversible blindness nowadays are usually degenerative diseases related to the retina and its extending optic nerves. | Karen Chang Sam Enayati Kin-Sang Cho Tor P.Utheim Dong Feng Chen | 2021 | Neural Regeneration Research2021，16，8： | 1 |
| 17 | When pressure meets light: detecting the photoacoustic effect at the origin显示文摘Modern optical microscopy1,including confocal microscopy,twophoton microscopy and optical coherence tomography(OCT),has revolutionized life sciences by providing detailed information of biological samples with cellular and subcellular resolutions,and has become an essential tool for biomedical research labs.However,optical microscopy typically has a limited penetration depth of~1 mm in biological tissue due to strong optical scattering2,3.Moreover,with respective contrast mechanisms,confocal and two-photon microscopy usually rely on fluorescent labeling of the samples and OCT still lacks sensitivity to many biological functions.In contrast,optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy(OR-PAM)has emerged over the last decade as a complementary imaging tool to the existing optical microscopy by taking advantage of its unique optical absorption contrast4.By acoustically detecting the optical absorption in the tissue,OR-PAM has been proven a powerful tool for anatomical,functional and molecular imaging with endogenous or exogenous contrast agents.In particular,using hemoglobin as the endogenous optical absorber,OR-PAM currently represents the most sensitive blood detector and has been widely used for in vivo imaging of the blood perfusion and oxygenation,especially for cancer and brain studies.Nevertheless,the acoustic detection in OR-PAM is a doubleedged sword;on the one hand,it provides a relatively deep penetration with one-way optical attenuation and negligible acoustic attenuation,but on the other hand,the acoustic detection typically needs a coupling medium,such as water and ultrasound gel,between the tissue surface and the ultrasound transducer.The need for acoustic coupling has become one of the major factors that has hindered the wide adoption of OR-PAM by biomedical researchers whenever the biological samples are not compatible with an aquatic environment.Therefore,contact-free detection of the photoacoustic signals(that is,without the need for acoustic coupling)has captured the attention of the photoacoustic imaging community and resulted in many exciting advancements.If successful,the contact-free photoacoustic technologies will free up the working space and greatly expand the territory of PAM applications. | Junjie Yao | 2017 | Light(Science & Applications)2017，6，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Efficacy and safety of light therapy for Parkinson disease显示文摘To the Editor:Parkinson disease(PD)is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder associated with significant disability and negative impact on quality of life(QoL),affecting 2%to 3%of the population≥65 years of age.^([1])Although the disorder is defined by motor features including asymmetric tremor,bradykinesia,and rigidity,various non-motor features are typically seen,including cognitive impairment,depression,sensory symptoms,autonomic dysfunction,and sleep disturbances.Due to the complexity,PD is challenging to treat.There are currently no effective treatments to prevent or halt the progression of PD. | Yanghong Li Xiaoxia Zhou Xinyin Wu Beisha Tang | 2022 | Chinese Medical Journal2022，，7： | 1 |
| 19 | How green composite materials could benefit aircraft construction显示文摘Aeronautical composite materials can be typically characterized by their excellent mechanical properties, light weight and high performance when compared to the more conventional materials, and the ability to tailor their structure to produce more aerodynamically efficient structural configurations. | SOUTIS Constantinos YI XiaoSu BACHMANN Jens | 2019 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2019，62，8： | 1 |
| 20 | ERCC6L2 promotes DNA orientation-specific recombination in mammalian cells显示文摘Programmed DNA recombination in mammalian cells occurs predominantly in a directional manner.While random DNA breaks are typically repaired both by deletion and by inversion at approximately equal proportions,V(D)J and class switch recombination(CSR)of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene overwhelmingly delete intervening sequences to yield productive rearrangement.What factors channel chromatin breaks to deletional CSR in lymphocytes is unknown.Integrating CRISPR knockout and chemical perturbation screening we here identify the Snf2-family helicase-like ERCC6L2 as one such factor.We show that ERCC6L2 promotes double-strand break end-joining and facilitates optimal CSR in mice.At the cellular levels,ERCC6L2 rapidly engages in DNA repair through its C-terminal domains.Mechanistically,ERCC6L2 interacts with other end-joining factors and plays a functionally redundant role with the XLF end-joining factor in V(D)J recombination.Strikingly,ERCC6L2 controls orientation-specific joining of broken ends during CSR,which relies on its helicase activity.Thus,ERCC6L2 facilitates programmed recombination through directional repair of distant breaks. | Xiaojing Liu Tingting Liu Yafang Shang Pengfei Dai Wubing Zhang Brian J.Lee Min Huang Dingpeng Yang Qiu Wu Liu Daisy Liu Xiaoqi Zheng Bo O.Zhou Junchao Dong Leng-Siew Yeap Jiazhi Hu Tengfei Xiao Shan Zha Rafael Casellas X.Shirley Liu Fei-Long Meng | 2020 | Cell Research2020，30，9： | 1 |
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