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| 1 | A Small-Scale Medication of Leflunomide as a Treatment of COVID-19 in an Open-Label Blank-Controlled Clinical Trial显示文摘We recently reported that inhibitors against human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase(DHODH)have broad-spectrum antiviral activities including their inhibitory efficacies on SARS-CoV-2 replication in infected cells.However,there are limited data from clinical studies to prove the application of DHODH inhibitors in Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients.In the present study,we evaluated Leflunomide,an approved DHODH inhibitor widely used as a modest immune regulator to treat autoimmune diseases,in treating COVID-19 disease with a small-scale of patients.Cases of 10 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients of moderate type with obvious opacity in the lung were included.Five of the patients were treated with Leflunomide,and another five were treated as blank controls without a placebo.All the patients accepted standard supportive treatment for COVID-19.The patients given Leflunomide had a shorter viral shedding time(median of5 days)than the controls(median of 11 days,P=0.046).The patients given Leflunomide also showed a significant reduction in C-reactive protein levels,indicating that immunopathological inflammation was well controlled.No obvious adverse effects were observed in Leflunomide-treated patients,and they all discharged from the hospital faster than controls.This preliminary study on a small-scale compassionate use of Leflunomide provides clues for further understanding of Leflunomide as a potential antiviral drug against COVID-19. | Ke Hu Mengmei Wang Yang Zhao Yunting Zhang Tao Wang Zhishui Zheng Xiaochen Li Shaolin Zeng Dong Zhao Honglin Li Ke Xu Ke Lan | 2020 | Virologica Sinica2020，35，6： | 7 |
| 2 | High-Temperature Metamorphism, Anataxis and Tectonic Evolution of a Mafic Granulite from the Eastern Himalayan Orogen显示文摘The Himalayan Orogen, resulting from the Tertiary collision of Indian and Asian continents, is a natural laboratory for studying metamorphism, partial melting and granite formation of collisional orogens. However, metamorphic and anatectic conditions and timescales of meta-mafic rocks in the Greater Himalayan Sequences(GHS) in the east-central Himalaya remain controversial. In this paper, we conduct a study of petrology and geochronology of mafic granulite from the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis(EHS). The mafic granulite with abundant leucosome bands occurs as layers within felsic granulites and is well deformed. The granulite consists of garnet, plagioclase, amphibole and quartz with minor clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, biotite, rutile, titanite and ilmenite. The garnet has growth compositional zoning and contains abundant mineral inclusions in its core. Peak metamorphic mineral assemblage of the granulite is garnet, amphibole, plagioclase, quartz, clinopyroxene and rutile, recording a high-pressure(HP) and high-temperature(HT) peak-metamorphism under conditions of 14–15.5 kbar and 780–790℃ in the presence of melt. The reconstructed clockwise P-T path is characterized by an early heating and burial prograde metamorphism, and late isothermal and cooling decompression retrogression. The granulite witnessed a long lasting HT metamorphism, partial melting and melt crystallization process which began at ca. 39 Ma and lasted to ca. 11 Ma. The present study shows that various high-grade rocks of the GHS in the EHS core experienced similar metamorphic conditions and P-T-t paths, indicating that they occurred as a coherent slab during the subduction and exhumation of Indian lithosphere. The significant melts generated during the prograde metamorphism of the GHS rocks not only contributed to the formation of the Himalayan leucogranite, but also resulted in the rheological weakening and ductile flow of the thickened lower crust of the Himalayan Orogen. | Zeming Zhang Huixia Ding Xin Dong Zuolin Tian Dongyan Kang Hongchen Mu Shengkai Qin Yuanyuan Jiang Mengmei Li | 2018 | Journal of Earth Science2018，29，5： | 7 |
| 3 | Study on the relationship between waste classification,combustion condition and dioxin emission from waste incineration显示文摘Domestic waste in China is mainly collected as a combination of different types of materials.The components are variable and complex,with very different combustion characteristics making it difficult to optimize the burning to reduce pollution.There are still some controversies about the accuracy of using carbon monoxide(CO)emission to characterize waste incineration performance.Here,we investigated the relationship between waste classification,incineration conditions and dioxin emission and concluded that the concentration of CO in flue gas could not be used as the only criterion of combustion efficiency and safety.Considering the close relationship between the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs)and products of incomplete combustion,the relatively low concentrations of CO are not a reliable indicator that an incinerator equipped with an activated carbon injection system and fabric filter could achieve the national standards for PCDD/F emission.The goal,therefore,is not only to lower the emission of PCDD/Fs and other pollutants through clas-sifying the waste components at the source,but also to reduce the need for the treatment of incinerated waste to protect the environment and to increase the power generation efficiency of municipal solid waste incineration(MSWI)plants.As the demand for waste disposal continues to rapidly increase,the need for a safe waste incineration system with dioxin emission controls makes the classification of waste an indispensable part of future MSWI systems. | Xiaodong Li Yunfeng Ma Mengmei Zhang Mingxiu Zhan Peiyue Wang Xiaoqing Lin Tong Chen Shengyong Lu Jianhua Yan | 2019 | Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy2019，1，2： | 3 |
| 4 | Control of ribosome synthesis in bacteria:the important role of rRNA chain elongation rate显示文摘Bacteria growth depends crucially on protein synthesis,which is limited by ribosome synthesis.Ribosomal RNA(rRNA)transcription is the rate-limiting step of ribosome synthesis.It is generally proposed that the transcriptional initiation rate of rRNA operon is the primary factor that controls the r RNA synthesis.In this study,we established a convenient GFP-based reporter approach for measuring the bacterial rRNA chain elongation rate.We showed that the rRNA chain elongation rate of Escherichia coli remains constant under nutrient limitation and chloramphenicol inhibition.In contrast,rRNA chain elongation rate decreases dramatically under low temperatures.Strikingly,we found that Vibrio natriegens,the fastest growing bacteria known,has a 50%higher rRNA chain elongation rate than E.coli,which contributes to its rapid ribosome synthesis.Our study demonstrates that r RNA chain elongation rate is another important factor that affects the bacterial ribosome synthesis capacity. | Manlu Zhu Haoyan Mu Mengmei Jia Lingfu Deng Xiongfeng Dai | 2021 | Science China(Life Sciences)2021，64，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Hierarchical Fe3O4@TiO2 Yolk–Shell Microspheres with Enhanced Microwave‐Absorption Properties显示文摘 | Jiwei Liu Junjie Xu Renchao Che Huajun Chen Mengmei Liu Zhengwang Liu | 2013 | Chem. Eur. J2013，，21： | 1 |
| 6 | Dorsomorphin induces cancer cell apoptosis and sensitizes cancer cells to HSP90 and proteasome inhibitors by reducing nuclear heat shock factor 1 levels显示文摘Objective: Heat shock factor 1(HSF1), a transcriptional regulator of heat shock proteins(HSPs), is an attractive therapeutic target for cancer. However, only a few HSF1 inhibitors have been identified so far.Methods: The mRNA and protein levels of HSF1, HSPs, cleaved PARP, and phosphorylated HSF1 were examined by real-time PCR and Western blot. Forced expression, RNA interference, and immunofluorescence assay were used for mechanistic studies.Cell viability and apoptosis were measured by WST-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Xenograft studies were performed in nude mice to evaluate the effect of dorsomorphin and an HSP90 inhibitor on tumor growth.Results: Dorsomorphin suppressed multiple stimuli-induced and constitutive HSPs expression in cancer cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that dorsomorphin reduced heat-induced HSP expression independent of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase. Dorsomorphin reduced heat-stimulated HSF1 Ser320 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, as well as resting nuclear HSF1 levels in cancer cells. Dorsomorphin induced cancer cell apoptosis by inhibiting HSF1 expression. A structure-activity study revealed that the 4-pyridyl at the 3-site of the pyrazolo [1, 5-a]pyrimidine ring is critical for the anti-HSF1 activities of dorsomorphin. Dorsomorphin sensitized cancer cells to HSP90 and proteasome inhibitors and inhibited HSP70 expression induced by these inhibitors in vitro. In tumor-bearing nude mice, dorsomorphin enhanced HSP90 inhibitor-induced cancer cell apoptosis, tumor growth inhibition, and HSP70 expression.Conclusions: Dorsomorphin is an HSF1 inhibitor. It induces cancer cell apoptosis, sensitizes cancer cells to both HSP90 and proteasome inhibitors, and suppresses HSP upregulation by these drugs, which may prevent the development of drug resistance.Hence, dorsomorphin and its derivates may serve as potential precursors for developing drugs against cancer. | Na Li Ting Wang Zongmeng Li Xiaoli Ye Bo Deng Shu Zhuo Pengle Yao Mengmei Yang Hong Mei Xiaofang Chen Tengfei Zhu Shiting Chen Hui Wang Jiming Wang Yingying Le | 2019 | Cancer Biology & Medicine2019，16，2： | 1 |
| 7 | The Eocene corundum-bearing rocks in the Gangdese arc, south Tibet:Implications for tectonic evolution of the Himalayan orogen显示文摘The genesis of Liangguo corundum deposit in the southern Gangdese magmatic arc, east-central Himalaya, remains unknown. The present study shows that the corundum-bearing rocks occur as lenses with variable sizes in the Eocene gabbro that intruded into marble. These corundum-bearing rocks have highly variable mineral assemblage and mode. The corundum-rich rocks are characterized by containing abundant corundum, and minor spinel, ilmenite and magnetite, whereas the corundum-poor and corundum-free rocks have variable contents of spinel, plagioclase, sillimanite, cordierite, ilmenite and magnetite. The host gabbro shows variable degrees of hydration and carbonization. The corundum grains are mostly black, and rarely blue, and have minor Fe O and TiO_2. The spinel is hercynite, with high Fe O and low Mg O contents. The corundum-bearing rocks have variable but high Al_2O_3, FeO and TiO_2, and low SiO_2 contents. Inherited magmatic and altered zircons of the corundum-bearing rocks have similar U e Pb ages(~47 Ma) to the magmatic zircons of the host gabbro, indicating corundum-bearing rock formation immediately after the gabbro intrusion. We considered that emplacement of gabbro induced the contact metamorphism of the country-rock marble and the formation of silica-poor fluid. The channeled infiltration of generated fluid in turn resulted in the hydrothermal metasomatism of the gabbro, which characterized by considerable loss of Si from the gabbro and strong residual enrichment of Al. The metasomatic alteration probably formed under Pe T conditions of ~2.2 -2.8 kbar and ~650 -700℃. We speculate that SiO_2, CaO and Na_2O were mobile, and Al_2O_3, FeO, TiO_2 and high field strength elements remained immobile during the metasomatic process of the gabbro. The Liangguo corundum deposit, together with metamorphic corundum deposits in Central and Southeast Asia, were related to the Cenozoic Himalayan orogeny, and therefore are plate tectonic indicators. | Zeming Zhang Huixia Ding Xin Dong Zuolin Tian Hongchen Mu Mengmei Li Shengkai Qin Zhixiang Niu Ning Zhang | 2018 | Geoscience Frontiers2018，9，5： | 0 |
| 8 | Do alternative stable states exist in large shallow Taihu Lake,China?显示文摘Regime shifts from submersed macrophyte dominance to phytoplankton dominance have been widely reported in small-to medium-sized shallow lakes.However,alternative stable states in large shallow lakes(surface area>500 km^(2))remain unconfirmed.To understand the alternative stable states and the main influencing factors of submersed macrophytes in large lakes,the ecosystem states from monitoring data from 1959 to 2019 in large shallow Taihu Lake(2338 km^(2)in average depth of 2.12 m)in China were examined.Changes in submersed macrophyte coverage(C_(Mac))and phytoplankton chlorophyll a(Chl a)in the time series and their relationships with environmental factors were analyzed.During the field investigation from August 2018 to May 2019,nutrients and Chl a showed obvious heterogeneity across the lake,being generally higher in the western and northern areas and lower in the southeast area,while C_(Mac)was only observed in the eastern areas,e.g.,East Taihu Lake,Xukou Bay,and Gonghu Bay.During the long-term monitoring from 1959 to 2019 in the Central Region,Meiliang Bay,and East Taihu Lake,Chl a increased significantly in the time series.C_(Mac)varied slightly among different subareas,always at low levels(<10%)in the Central Region and Meiliang Bay but at relatively high levels in East Taihu Lake(10%–90%).Frequency distributions of response variables had no multimodality except for C_(Mac)in East Taihu Lake,with two peaks between 15%and 20%and between 55%and 60%.A dual relationship was found between Chl a and total phosphorus(TP)in the areas with and without macrophytes,while C_(Mac)showed no relationship with TP,and submersed macrophytes did not flourish in the Central Region and Meiliang Bay even when TP was at very low levels(≈10 mg/m3).Taihu Lake had similar algal turbidity(TurbAlg)as small-to mediumsized lakes but generally presented with higher values of nonalgal turbidity(TurbNonAlg),as did their contribution to total turbidity as a percentage.This study suggested that large shallow Taihu Lake may have no alternative stable states,but more evidence is needed for East Taihu Lake,which was dominated by macrophytes,as it remains unknown whether hysteresis occurs between the processes of eutrophication and oligotrophication.Unfavorable conditions caused by wind might be the main reason due to the absence of submersed macrophytes in Taihu Lake.These results demonstrate that stricter nutrient control is needed to maintain a healthy state or to recover from a decayed state for large lakes. | Yan LI Yu MA Haijun WANG Hongzhu WANG Yongde CUI Shijun BIAN Miao ZHANG Mengmei LIU Yexin YU Marc SCHALLENBERG | 2023 | Journal of Oceanology and Limnology2023，41，3： | 0 |
| 9 | A novel lysosome‐localized fluorescent probe with aggregation‐induced emission without alkalinizing effect显示文摘Herein,a novel small molecule probe,tetraphenylethylene‐cystein(TPE‐Cys),was rationally designed and developed for the intracellular lysosome localization.The combination of tetraphenylethylene and cysteine serve as a novel strategy for lysosome‐targeting,with significant aggregation‐induced emission increases with the proportion of water by as high as 25‐folds.Biofluorescence imaging experiments show that the probe TPE‐Cys has a good colocalization effect with the commercially available lysotracker red,with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.91.In addition,we also demonstrate that TPE‐Cys has good light stability.TPE‐Cys,as a neutral compound,is free of alkalinizing effect when applied in lysosome localization.Moreover,molecular dynamics simulations and density function theories are employed to explore the detailed aggregation process and the mechanism of TPE‐Cys aggregation in water solution.The mechanism of lysosome localization of probe TPE‐Cys was explained by cellular endocytosis process and the formation of larger particle in the more acidic environment of lysosomes.This work not only demonstrates an efficient strategy for the construction of fluorescent probes for lysosome localization,but also indicates that they are promising as live cell imaging tools. | Jingran Zhang Yan Jia Xinyi Xing Mengmei Qin Zibo Wu Yingqian Zhong Lele Liu Shuqing Sun Peng Li Haiyuan Wang Guangjiu Zhao | 2021 | SmartMat2021，2，4： | 0 |
| 10 | A Computer Simulation of the Rutherford Backscattering Spectra显示文摘A simulation program for the Rutherford backscattering in the microcomputer has been developed.The energy spectra for any ion incident on any target(up to 10 elements)can be calculated.Energy resolution of the detecting system and energy straggling of ions have been taken into account in the program.Comparisons between experiments and calculations for MeV He and Li ions show a good agreement. | JIANG Weilin ZHAI Guangnian REN Mengmei ZHU Peiran | 1992 | Chinese Physics Letters1992，9，5： | 0 |
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