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| 1 | Advances in research of the mid-deep South China Sea circulation显示文摘The South China Sea(SCS)is a large marginal sea connecting the Indian and Pacific oceans.Under the factors of monsoons,strait transport,and varied bathymetry,the SCS presents a three-layer structure and strong diapycnal mixing which is far greater than that in the open ocean.Theoretical analysis and observations reveal that internal tides,internal solitary waves,and strong winds are the sources of the strong mixing in the northern SCS.A major consequence of the strong mixing is an active mid-deep circulation system.This system promotes exchange of water between the SCS and adjacent oceans,and also regulates the upper layer of wind-driven circulation,making the 3 dimensional SCS circulation clearly different from that in other tropical and subtropical marginal seas.The mass transport capacity of the mid-deep circulation has a substantial impact on marine sedimentation,the biogeochemical cycle,and other processes in the SCS.This paper summarizes the recent advances in middeep sea circulation dynamics of the SCS,and discusses the opportunities and challenges in this area. | Dongxiao WANG Qiang WANG Shuqun CAI Xiaodong SHANG Shiqiu PENG Yeqiang SHU Jingen XIAO Xiaohui XIE Zhiwei ZHANG Zhiqiang LIU Jian LAN Dake CHEN Huijie XUE Guihua WANG Jianping GAN Xinong XIE Rui ZHANG Hui CHEN Qingxuan YANG | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，12： | 8 |
| 2 | Suppressing secondary reactions of coal pyrolysis by reducing pressure and mounting internals in fixed-bed reactor显示文摘Pyrolysis of Shenmu coal was performed in fixed-bed reactors indirectly heated by reducing operating pressure and mounting internals in the reactor to explore their synergetic effects on coal pyrolysis. Mounting internals particularly designed greatly improved the heat transfer inside coal bed and raised the yield of tar production.Reducing pressure further facilitated the production of tar through its suppression of secondary reactions occurring in the reactor. The absolute increase in tar yield reached 3.33 wt% in comparison with the pyrolysis in the reactor without internals under atmospheric pressure. The obtained tar yield in the reactor with internals under reduced pressure was even higher than the yield of Gray–King assay. Through experiments in a laboratory fixed bed reactor, it was also clarified that the effect of reducing pressure is related to volatile release rate in pyrolysis. It did not obviously vary tar yield at pyrolysis temperatures below 600 °C, while the effect was evident at 650 and 700 °C but became limited again above 800 °C. Under reduced pressure the produced tar contained more aliphatics and phenols but less aromatics. | Shuai Cheng Dengguo Lai Zhen Shi Leisheng Hong Jianling Zhang Xi Zeng Shiqiu Gao Guangwen Xu | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2017，25，4： | 7 |
| 3 | Synthesis of texture-excellent mesoporous alumina using PEG1000 as structure-directing agent显示文摘By varying concentration of PEG1000 as a structure-directing agent,mesoporous alumina with excellent textural properties was synthesized.The prepared mesoporous alumina displays high thermal stability,as shown by its textural properties at different calcination temperatures of 600-850 °C.Characterization by SEM and TEM revealed that the added PEG surfactant induced the formation of petal-like alumina.XRD results clarified that all samples were amorphous and their peaks were around the peaks of γ-alumina.N_2 adsorption-desorption analysis showed that the prepared mesoporous alumina,if with PEG1000 in hydrolysis of aluminum isopropoxide,had excellent textural properties with large specific surface area,high pore volume and suitable pore size.The petal-like structure existing in the alumina samples improved their textural parameters,and the role and influential mechanism of PEG1000 were analyzed. | Kui Zhang Changming Li Jian Yu Shiqiu Gao Guangwen Xu | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2017，25，1： | 5 |
| 4 | Cost-Effective Control of Ground-Level Ozone Pollution in and around Beijing显示文摘Ground level ozone pollution has become a significant air pollution problem in Beijing. Because of the complex way in which ozone is formed, it is difficult for policy makers to identify optimal control options on a cost-effective basis. This paper identi-fies and assesses a range of options for addressing this problem. We apply the Ambient Least Cost Model and compare the eco-nomic costs of control options, then recommend the most effective sequence to realize pollution control at the lowest cost. The study finds that installing of Stage II gasoline vapor recovery system at Beijing's 1446 gasoline stations would be the most cost-effective option. Overall, options to reduce ozone pollution by cutting ve-hicular emissions are much more cost-effective than options to 'clean up' coal-fired power plants. | Xie Xuxuan Zhang Shiqiu Xu Jianhua Wu Dan Zhu Tong | 2012 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2012，10，2： | 5 |
| 5 | New WHO global air quality guidelines help prevent premature deaths in China显示文摘The air quality guidelines (AQGs) issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2005 are key references for the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQSs) in China.On 22September 2021,the WHO issued new AQGs (NAQGs)[1],which propose more stringent targets to control exposure to multiple air pollutants,including fine particulate matter (PM_(2.5)) and ozone (O_(3)),to which,in 2019,451 million premature deaths,globally,were attributable [2]. | Tao Xue Guannan Geng Xia Meng Qingyang Xiao Yixuan Zheng Jicheng Gong Jun Liu Wei Wan Qiang Zhang Haidong Kan Shiqiu Zhang Tong Zhu | 2022 | National Science Review2022，9，4： | 3 |
| 6 | Urchin-like NiCo2S4 structures synthesized through a one-step solvothermal process for high-performance supercapacitors显示文摘Nickel cobalt sulfides (MCo2S4) have attracted considerable attention as electrode materials for supercapacitors. Herein, a sea-urchin-like NiCo2S4 material was synthesized through a one-step solvothermal process. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 200 and thiourea were used as a shape-control age nt and sulfur source for in-s让u sulfuration, respectively. The urchin-like NiC02S4 was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area, and electrochemical measurements. The resulting NiCo2S4 with ion diffusion-favored structure demonstrated remarkable electrochemical characteristics for supercapacitor with a high specific capacitance (1334F/g at 0.5 A/g) and superior rate capability (78.1% of the original capacity from 0.5 to 20 A/g) in 6M KOH aqueous solution. Furthermore, an asymmetric supercapacitor was assembled using NiCo2S4 as a positive electrode and activated carb on (AC) as a n egative electrode. A NiCo2Sj/AC device exhibited a high energy density of 37.32 Wh/kg at a power density of 317.8 W/kg with capacity retention of 91.9% and up to 2000 charge/discharge cycles at 3 A/g. The results demonstrate that the sea-urchin-like NiCo2S4 has potential applications in supercapacitors. | Yan Hu Jie Zhang Di Wang Jiangbo Sun Li Zhang Yanjie Liu Shiqiu Gao Yanbin Cui | 2019 | Particuology2019，17，4： | 2 |
| 7 | Effect of Increase in Price of Oil on Behavior of Private Car Owners in Beijing显示文摘In order to understand the short-term response of private car owners to changes in the price of oil,a survey was conducted in Beijing after the gasoline price in China rose in June 2008.It showed that private car drivers in Beijing reduced their trips in the one month period following the price adjustment.Certain trip characteristics and drivers' demographics significantly influenced price elasticity in the short term,including the purpose of the trip,the distance covered and the income of the car driver. | Yi Ru Zhang Shiqiu | 2010 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2010，8，1： | 2 |
| 8 | Novel application of red mud as disposal catalyst for pyrolysis and gasification of coal显示文摘Red mud(RM)with the high alkalinity as a catalyst was evaluated for coal pyrolysis in a fixed bed as well as CO_(2) gasification of its resultant char in a thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA).The addition of RM into coal could improve the quality of tar during pyrolysis and enhance the reactivity of char during gasification.For catalytic pyrolysis with 12 wt%RM at 600℃,the light fraction in tar was 72.0 wt%,which increased by 20.0%,compared with coal pyrolysis alone.The role of metal oxides in RM on coal pyrolysis was further clarified as well.After catalytic pyrolysis with RM,the specific surface area of resultant char increased,especially for mesoporous surface area,and meanwhile the sodium in RM was proved to migrate to the char surface.These positive factors contributed to the CO_(2) gasification activity of char.RM with the high alkalinity showed a promising catalyst candidate for coal pyrolysis and gasification in terms of its catalytic effects and low cost. | Zhaohui Chen Deliang Wang Hang Yang Yusheng Zhang Yunjia Li Changming Li Jian Yu Shiqiu Gao | 2021 | Carbon Resources Conversion2021，4，1： | 2 |
| 9 | Economic Valuation of Health Impact of PM_(10) Pollution in Beijing from 2001 to 2006显示文摘In light of the practical need for research to inform policy in Beijing,this study evaluates the economic cost of the impact of PM 10 pollution in Beijing from 2001 to 2006,taking health as the main impact,and mortality as the main outcome.Based on the literature review,this study adopts relatively conservative parameters as the basis for calculating the health impacts.It concludes that nearly 30%of mortality among registered residents above age 30 in Beijing can be attributed to PM 10 pollution,and that the economic cost equals 0.8%-1.2%of the city's GDP over the same period.This is lower than the results of previous studies,but still high enough to warrant a commitment to solve the city's air pollution problem. | Zou Wenbo Zhang Shiqiu | 2010 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2010，8，2： | 2 |
| 10 | Dual bed pyrolysis gasification of coal: Process analysis and pilot test显示文摘 | Yuming Zhang Yin Wang Lianguo Cai Changbin Yao Shiqiu Gao Chun-Zhu Li Guangwen Xu | 2013 | Fuel2013，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Continuous high-temperature fluidized bed pyrolysis of coal in complex atmospheres: Product distribution and pyrolysis gas显示文摘 | Mei Zhong Zhikai Zhang Qi Zhou Junrong Yue Shiqiu Gao Guangwen Xu | 2012 | Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis2012，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Envi- ronmental economic impact assessment in China: Problems and pros- pects 显示文摘 | Lindhjem Henrik Hu Tao Ma Zhong Skjelvik John Magne Song Guojun Vennemo Haakon Wu Jian Zhang Shiqiu | | Environmental hnpact Assessment Review0，27，1： | 1 |
| 13 | When should household be compensated for land-use restriction? A decision-making framework for Chinese forest poliey显示文摘 | Katrina Mullan Andreas Kontoleon Tim Swanson Shiqiu Zhang | 2011 | Land Use Policy2011，28，2： | 1 |
| 14 | How Do Residents Respond to Price under Increasing Block Tariffs? Evidence from Experiments in Urban Residential Water Demand 显示文摘 | Ma Xunzhou Zhang Shiqiu Mu Quan | 2014 | Water Resources Management2014，28，14： | 1 |
| 15 | Health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after China’s clean air actions:progress in efficacy and geographic equality显示文摘Clean air actions(CAAs)in China have been linked to considerable benefits in public health.However,whether the beneficial effects of CAAs are equally distributed geographically is unknown.Using high-resolution maps of the distributions of major air pollutants(fine particulate matter[PM_(2.5)]and ozone[O_(3)])and population,we aimed to track spatiotemporal changes in health impacts from,and geographic inequality embedded in,the reduced exposures to PM_(2.5)and O_(3)from 2013 to 2020.We used a method established by the Global Burden of Diseases Study.By analyzing the changes in loss of life expectancy(LLE)attributable to PM_(2.5)and O_(3),we calculated the gain of life expectancy(GLE)to quantify the health benefits of the air-quality improvement.Finally,we assessed the geographic inequality embedded in the GLE using the Gini index(GI).Based on risk assessments of PM_(2.5)and O_(3),during the first stage of CAAs(2013 to 2017),the mean GLE was 1.87 months.Half of the sum of the GLE was disproportionally distributed in about one quarter of the population exposed(GI 0.44).During the second stage of CAAs(2017 to 2020),the mean GLE increased to 3.94 months and geographic inequality decreased(GI 0.18).According to our assessments,CAAs were enhanced,from the first to second stages,in terms of not only preventing premature mortality but also ameliorating health inequalities.The enhancements were related to increased sensitivity to the health effects of air pollution and synergic control of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)levels.Our findings will contribute to optimizing future CAAs. | Tao Xue Ruohan Wang Meng Wang Yanying Wang Dan Tong Xia Meng Conghong Huang Siqi Ai Fangzhou Li Jingyuan Cao Mingkun Tong Xueqiu Ni Hengyi Liu Jianyu Deng Hong Lu Wei Wan Jicheng Gong Shiqiu Zhang Tong Zhu | 2024 | National Science Review2024，11，2： | 0 |
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