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| 1 | Benefit of neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced perihilar cholangiocarcinoma显示文摘AIM To clarify the role of neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy(NACCRT) followed by surgical resection for localized or locally advanced perihilar cholangiocarcinoma(CCA).METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 57 patients who underwent surgical resection with or without NACCRT for perihilar CCA; 12 patients received NACCRT and 45 patients did not received NACCRT. Patients with locally advanced perihilar CCA requiring NACCRT were defined as follows:(1) a mass involving unilateral branches of the portal vein or hepatic artery with insufficient volume of the anticipated remnant lobe; or(2) an infiltrating mass in the main portal vein that was too long for reconstruction, identified at preoperative staging. RESULTS The median disease-free survival(DFS) durations of the neoadjuvant and non-neoadjuvant CCRT groups were26.0 and 15.1 mo, respectively(P = 0.91). The median overall survival(OS) durations of the neoadjuvant and non-neoadjuvant CCRT groups were 32.9 and 27.1 mo, respectively(P = 0.26). The NACCRT group showed a downstaging tendency compared to the non-NACCRT group as compared with the tumor stage confirmed by histological examination after surgery and the tumor stage confirmed by imaging test at the time of diagnosis(P = 0.01). CONCLUSION NACCRT does not prolong DFS and OS in localized or locally advanced perihilar CCA. However, NACCRT may allow tumor downstaging and improve tumor resectability. | Jang Han Jung Hyun Jik Lee Hee Seung Lee Jung Hyun Jo In Rae Cho Moon Jae Chung Jeong Youp Park Seung Woo Park Si Young Song Seungmin Bang | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，18： | 21 |
| 2 | Heat-shocked tumor cell lysate-pulsed dendritic cells induce effective anti-tumor immune response in vivo显示文摘瞄准:学习震惊热的肿瘤房间是否能提高肿瘤房间的效果在唤起反肿瘤免疫者反应的搏动 lysate 的树枝状的房间(DC ) 在活体内。方法:老鼠无差别的结肠癌房间(CT-26 ) 为 1 h 然后结冰融化在 42 度摄氏被加热。骨头导出髓的 DC 与震惊热的 CT-26 房间溶解产物(HSCT-26 DC ) 搏动了被招募使 syngeneic 免疫天真的 BALB/c 老鼠。肿瘤的细胞毒素的活动在老鼠怒气的特定的细胞毒素的 T 淋巴细胞(CTL ) 被 IFN-enzyme-linked 免疫点(ELISpot ) 和 LDH 版本试金评估。在老鼠结肠癌的 DC 建模的 HSCT-26 导致的免疫 prophylactic 效果与单个 CT-26 房间导致的那些相比肿瘤体积,腹转移和老鼠的生存时间上的搏动 lysate 的 DC (CT-26 DC ) 。结果:对待热的 CT-26 房间显示出更高的 hsp70 蛋白质表情。震惊热的 CT-26 房间溶解产物 pulsing 提高了骨头的 co-stimulatory 和 MHC-II 分子表示导出髓的 DC 以及 interleukin-12 p70 分泌物。HSCT-26 DC 导致的 IFN-gamma secreting CTL 被 CT-26 DC (P=0.002 ) 显著地多于那些导致。以前的 CTL 的特定的细胞毒素的活动在 10:1, 20:1,和 40:1 的连续 E/T 比率比后者 CTL 的家高。尽管他们之间没有统计差别,鼠标结肠癌模型比 CT-26 DC,种痘在肿瘤体积上组织证明种痘组织的 HSCT-26 DC 的肿瘤卷小(24 mm3 对 8 mm3, P=0.480 ) 。与 HSCT-26 DC 使免疫的老鼠的中部的生存时间比与 CT-26 DC 使免疫的那些的长(57 d 对 43 d, P=0.0384 ) 。结论:震惊热的肿瘤房间搏动 lysate 的 DC 能有效地唤起反肿瘤免疫者反应在活体内并且用作一支新奇基于 DC 的肿瘤疫苗。 | Jian Qiu Guo-Wei Li Yan-Fang Sui Hong-Ping Song Shao-Yan Si Wei Ge | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，3： | 20 |
| 3 | Versatile Nucleotides Substitution in Plant Using an Improved Prime Editing System显示文摘Dear Editor,Base editors(BEs)based on the CRISPR/Cas9 system,including cytosine base editors and adenine base editors,which can efficiently perform four transition mutations(C·G-to-T·A and A·T-to-G·C),have been well studied and widely used to produce base mutations in a variety of organisms,including in plants such as rice. | Wen Xu Chengwei Zhang Yongxing Yang Si Zhao Guiting Kang Xiaoqing He Jinling Song Jinxiao Yang | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，5： | 20 |
| 4 | Role of oxygen free radicals in patients with acute pancreatitis显示文摘The generation of oxygen free radicals has been implicated in the pathogenesis of experimental pancreatitis.The aim of this study was to determine the role of oxygen free radicals in patients with acute pancreatitis.METHODS: The plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP),lipid peroxide (LPO), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured in 13 patients with acute pancreatitis and 14 healthy volunteers.RESULTS: Among the patients with acute pancreatitis, there were higher plasma levels of LPO and MPO and lower SOD activity in patients with severe pancreatitis than in those with mild pancreatitis. However, there was no significant difference in the serum marker of oxidative stress no matter what the etiology was. The LPO level was especially correlated with the concentration of serum CRP and CT severity index.CONCLUSION: The oxygen free radicals may be closely associated with inflammatory process and the severity of acute pancreatitis. Especially, the concentration of plasma LPO is a meaningful index for determining the severity of the disease. | Byung Kyu Park Jae Bock Chung Jin Heon Lee Jeong Hun Suh Seung Woo Park Si Young Song Hyeyoung Kim Kyung Hwan Kim Jin Kyung Kang | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，10： | 18 |
| 5 | Prognosis-related classifi cation and dynamic monitoring of immune status in patients with sepsis:A prospective observational study显示文摘BACKGROUND:The dynamic monitoring of immune status is crucial to the precise and individualized treatment of sepsis.In this study,we aim to introduce a model to describe and monitor the immune status of sepsis and to explore its prognostic value.METHODS:A prospective observational study was carried out in Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,enrolling septic patients admitted between July 2016 and December 2018.Blood samples were collected at days 1 and 3.Serum cytokine levels(e.g.,tumor necrosis factor-α[TNF-α],interleukin-10[IL-10])and CD14+monocyte human leukocyte antigen-D-related(HLA-DR)expression were measured to serve as immune markers.Classifi cation of each immune status,namely systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS),compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome(CARS),and mixed antagonistic response syndrome(MARS),was defined based on levels of immune markers.Changes of immune status were classifi ed into four groups which were stabilization(SB),deterioration(DT),remission(RM),and non-remission(NR).RESULTS:A total of 174 septic patients were enrolled including 50 non-survivors.Multivariate analysis discovered that IL-10 and HLA-DR expression levels at day 3 were independent prognostic factors.Patients with MARS had the highest mortality rate.Immune status of 46.1%patients changed from day 1 to day 3.Among four groups of immune status changes,DT had the highest mortality rate,followed by NR,RM,and SB with mortality rates of 64.7%,42.9%,and 11.2%,respectively.CONCLUSIONS:Severe immune disorder defi ned as MARS or deterioration of immune status defi ned as DT lead to the worst outcomes.The preliminary model of the classifi cation and dynamic monitoring of immune status based on immune markers has prognostic values and is worthy of further investigation. | Jun Yin Yao Chen Jun-ling Huang Lei Yan Zhong-shu Kuang Ming-ming Xue Si Sun Hao Xiang Yan-yan Hu Zhi-min Dong Chao-yang Tong Chun-xue Bai Zhen-ju Song | 2021 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2021，12，3： | 16 |
| 6 | Eleven COVID-19 Outbreaks with Local Transmissions Caused by the Imported SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC-China,July-August,2021显示文摘Starting from December 2019,Wuhan,China,encountered the first outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)(1-2).The epidemic was successfully suppressed by strict containment so that the number of infected people was reduced to 0 on April 8,2020(3–4).After that,China experienced roughly 3 dozen outbreaks with local transmission caused by imported severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2). | Lei Zhou Kai Nie Hongting Zhao Xiang Zhao Bixiong Ye Ji Wang Cao Chen Hong Wang Jiangli Di Jinsong Li Chao Li Zhixiao Chen Ruiqi Ren Peihua Niu Hui Chen Tao Chen Yali Wang Lili Li Bingxue Han Ruhan A Si Chen Dan Li Dan Li Chunxia Jin Xin Zhang Jiangmei Liu Chunyu Xu Yecheng Yao Yenan Feng Zhili Li Bike Zhang Yang Song Peter Hao Yanping Zhang Hao Li Qun Li George F.Gao Guoqing Shi Wenbo Xu | 2021 | China CDC weekly2021，3，41： | 13 |
| 7 | Treatment of urethral strictures using lingual mucosas urethroplasty: experience of 92 cases显示文摘复杂尿道的苛评的背景 Urethroplasty 是一个困难的过程,并且没有在出版文学描述的广泛地接受的标准途径。我们为在 2006 年 8 月和 2009 年 4 月之间的尿道的 strictures.Methods 的修理用语言的 mucosa 接枝(LMG ) 评估了 urethroplasty 的功效和安全,尿道的苛评的 92 个盒子(长度从 2.5 厘米到 18 厘米,平均数 6.5 厘米) 用 LMG 被对待。92 个病人, 38 与长片断的尿道的苛评(9-18 厘米) 经历了与包皮拍动相结合的双 LMG 或 LMG 或口腔的 mucosal 接枝 urethroplasty.Results 后续手术后地被获得 3-33 月(平均数 17.2 月) 。复杂并发症发生在 8 个病人,包括在 4 个病人的尿管;周期性的苛评 post-operatively 在 3-4 月在 4 个病人发展了。留下的病人 voided 井手术后地,与在 14.3 ml/s 和 54.6 ml/s (平均数 28.4 ml/s ) 之间的山峰流动 .Conclusions 舌头是为前面的 mucosal 苛评的修理的接枝材料的优秀来源。双 LMG 替换 urethroplasty 能成功地对待更长的、更复杂的尿道的苛评。 | XU Yue-min FU Qiang SA Ying-long ZHANG Jiong JIN Chong-rui SI Jie-min SONG Lu-jie | 2010 | Chinese Medical Journal2010，，4： | 13 |
| 8 | Efficient BoPDS Gene Editing in Cabbage by the CRISPR/Cas9 System显示文摘Genome editing offers great advantages in identifying gene function and generating agronomically important mutations in crops. Here,we report that the genome of cabbage(Brassica oleracea var. capitata), an important cruciferous vegetable, can also be precisely edited by a CRISPR/Cas9 system stacked with multiple single-guide RNA-expressing cassettes. When the phytoene desaturase Bo PDS gene was used as the target gene, an albino-phenotype transgenic shoot in T0 Basta-resistant lines was observed, and 37.5% of the transgenic cabbage shoots carried Bo PDS gene mutations as a result of nucleotide deletions at the expected position. Moreover, mutations were detected in sites with the same target sequence in gene Bol016089 which is paralogous to the Bo PDS gene. Our results show that the CRISPR/Cas9 system is a powerful tool for cabbage variety improvement by genome editing. | Cunfa Ma Mengci Liu Qinfei Li Jun Si Xuesong Ren Hongyuan Song | 2019 | Horticultural Plant Journal2019，5，4： | 12 |
| 9 | Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia diagnosed by capsule endoscopy and double balloon enteroscopy显示文摘Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia(PIL)is a rare disorder characterized by dilated intestinal lymphatics and the development of protein-losing enteropathy.Patients with PIL develop hypoalbuminemia,hypocalcemia,lymphopenia and hypogammaglobulinemia,and present with bilateral lower limb edema,fatigue,abdominal pain and diarrhea.Endoscopy reveals diffusely elongated,circumferential and polypoid mucosae covered with whitish enlarged villi,all of which indicate intestinal lymphangiectasia.Diagnosis is conf irmed by characteristic tissue pathology,which includes dilated intestinal lymphatics with diffusely swollen mucosa and enlarged villi.The prevalence of PIL has increased since the introduction of capsule endoscopy.The etiology and prevalence of PIL remain unknown.Some studies have reported that several genes and regulatory molecules for lymphangiogenesis are related to PIL.We report the case of a patient with PIL involving the entire small bowel that was confirmed by capsule endoscopy and double-balloon enteroscopy-guided tissue pathology who carried a deletion on chromosome 4q25.The relationship between this deletion on chromosome 4 and PIL remains to be investigated. | Tak Geun Oh Joo Won Chung Hee Man Kim Seok-Joo Han Jin Sung Lee Jung Yeob Park Si Young Song | 2011 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2011，3，11： | 12 |
| 10 | Three-dimensional adaptive finite-time guidance law for intercepting maneuvering targets显示文摘To intercept maneuvering targets at desired impact angles, a three-dimensional terminal guidance problem is investigated in this study. Because of a short terminal guidance time, a finitetime impact angle control guidance law is developed using the fast nonsingular terminal sliding mode control theory. However, the guidance law requires the upper bound of lumped uncertainty including target acceleration, which may not be accurately obtained. Therefore, by adopting a novel reaching law, an adaptive sliding mode guidance law is provided to release the drawback. At the same time, this method can accelerate the convergence rate and weaken the chattering phenomenon to a certain extent. In addition, another novel adaptive guidance law is also derived; this ensures systems asymptotic and finite-time stability without the knowledge of perturbations bounds.Numerical simulations have demonstrated that all the three guidance laws have effective performances and outperform the traditional terminal guidance laws. | Yujie SI Shenmin SONG | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2017，30，6： | 12 |
| 11 | Carbon pools and fluxes in the China Seas and adjacent oceans显示文摘The China Seas include the South China Sea, East China Sea, Yellow Sea, and Bohai Sea. Located off the Northwestern Pacific margin, covering 4700000 km^2 from tropical to northern temperate zones, and including a variety of continental margins/basins and depths, the China Seas provide typical cases for carbon budget studies. The South China Sea being a deep basin and part of the Western Pacific Warm Pool is characterized by oceanic features; the East China Sea with a wide continental shelf, enormous terrestrial discharges and open margins to the West Pacific, is featured by strong cross-shelf materials transport; the Yellow Sea is featured by the confluence of cold and warm waters; and the Bohai Sea is a shallow semiclosed gulf with strong impacts of human activities. Three large rivers, the Yangtze River, Yellow River, and Pearl River, flow into the East China Sea, the Bohai Sea, and the South China Sea, respectively. The Kuroshio Current at the outer margin of the Chinese continental shelf is one of the two major western boundary currents of the world oceans and its strength and position directly affect the regional climate of China. These characteristics make the China Seas a typical case of marginal seas to study carbon storage and fluxes. This paper systematically analyzes the literature data on the carbon pools and fluxes of the Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea, including different interfaces(land-sea, sea-air, sediment-water, and marginal sea-open ocean) and different ecosystems(mangroves, wetland, seagrass beds, macroalgae mariculture, coral reefs, euphotic zones, and water column). Among the four seas, the Bohai Sea and South China Sea are acting as CO_2 sources, releasing about0.22 and 13.86–33.60 Tg C yr^(-1) into the atmosphere, respectively, whereas the Yellow Sea and East China Sea are acting as carbon sinks, absorbing about 1.15 and 6.92–23.30 Tg C yr^(-1) of atmospheric CO_2, respectively. Overall, if only the CO_2 exchange at the sea-air interface is considered, the Chinese marginal seas appear to be a source of atmospheric CO_2, with a net release of 6.01–9.33 Tg C yr^(-1), mainly from the inputs of rivers and adjacent oceans. The riverine dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) input into the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea are 5.04, 14.60, and 40.14 Tg C yr^(-1),respectively. The DIC input from adjacent oceans is as high as 144.81 Tg C yr^(-1), significantly exceeding the carbon released from the seas to the atmosphere. In terms of output, the depositional fluxes of organic carbon in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea are 2.00, 3.60, 7.40, and 5.92 Tg C yr^(-1), respectively. The fluxes of organic carbon from the East China Sea and South China Sea to the adjacent oceans are 15.25–36.70 and 43.93 Tg C yr^(-1), respectively. The annual carbon storage of mangroves, wetlands, and seagrass in Chinese coastal waters is 0.36–1.75 Tg C yr^(-1), with a dissolved organic carbon(DOC) output from seagrass beds of up to 0.59 Tg C yr^(-1). Removable organic carbon flux by Chinese macroalgae mariculture account for 0.68 Tg C yr^(-1) and the associated POC depositional and DOC releasing fluxes are 0.14 and 0.82 Tg C yr^(-1), respectively. Thus, in total, the annual output of organic carbon, which is mainly DOC, in the China Seas is 81.72–104.56 Tg C yr^(-1). The DOC efflux from the East China Sea to the adjacent oceans is 15.00–35.00 Tg C yr^(-1). The DOC efflux from the South China Sea is 31.39 Tg C yr^(-1). Although the marginal China Seas seem to be a source of atmospheric CO_2 based on the CO_2 flux at the sea-air interface, the combined effects of the riverine input in the area, oceanic input, depositional export,and microbial carbon pump(DOC conversion and output) indicate that the China Seas represent an important carbon storage area. | Nianzhi JIAO Yantao LIANG Yongyu ZHANG Jihua LIU Yao ZHANG Rui ZHANG Meixun ZHAO Minhan DAI Weidong ZHAI Kunshan GAO Jinming SONG Dongliang YUAN Chao LI Guanghui LIN Xiaoping HUANG Hongqiang YAN Limin HU Zenghu ZHANG Long WANG Chunjie CAO Yawei LUO Tingwei LUO Nannan WANG Hongyue DANG Dongxiao WANG Si ZHANG | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，11： | 12 |
| 12 | Low-dose quercetin positively regulates mouse healthspan显示文摘Dear Editor,Aging is the leading risk factor for many chronic diseases,accounting for almost 60%of all deaths worldwide.How to achieve healthy aging,alleviate aging-related diseases,and extend healthspan has become a main topic of biomedical research(He et al.,2019).Geroprotective compounds,such as metformin and rapamycin,have been shown to improve both healthspan and lifespan in mice(Martin-Montalvo et al.,2013;Bitto et al.,2016),whereas nicotinamide partially improves healthspan in mice(Mitchell et al.,2018). | Lingling Geng Zunpeng Liu Si Wang Shuhui Sun Shuai Ma Xiaoqian Liu Piu Chan Liang Sun Moshi Song Weiqi Zhang Guang-Hui Liu Jing Qu | 2019 | Protein & Cell2019，10，10： | 12 |
| 13 | Single-cell transcriptomic atlas of primate cardiopulmonary aging显示文摘Aging is a major risk factor for many diseases,especially in highly prevalent cardiopulmonary comorbidities and infectious diseases including Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19).Resolving cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with aging in higher mammals is therefore urgently needed.Here,we created young and old non-human primate single-nucleus/cell transcriptomic atlases of lung,heart and artery,the top tissues targeted by SARS-CoV-2.Analysis of cell type-specific aging-associated transcriptional changes revealed increased systemic inflammation and compromised virus defense as a hallmark of cardiopulmonary aging.With age,expression of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)was increased in the pulmonary alveolar epithelial barrier,cardiomyocytes,and vascular endothelial cells.We found that interleukin 7(IL7)accumulated in aged cardiopulmonary tissues and induced ACE2 expression in human vascular endothelial cells in an NF-κB-dependent manner.Furthermore,treatment with vitamin C blocked IL7-induced ACE2 expression.Altogether,our findings depict the first transcriptomic atlas of the aged primate cardiopulmonary system and provide vital insights into age-linked susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2,suggesting that geroprotective strategies may reduce COVID-19 severity in the elderly. | Shuai Ma Shuhui Sun Jiaming Li Yanling Fan Jing Qu Liang Sun Si Wang Yiyuan Zhang Shanshan Yang Zunpeng Liu Zeming Wu Sheng Zhang Qiaoran Wang Aihua Zheng Shuguang Duo Yang Yu Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte Piu Chan Qi Zhou Moshi Song Weiqi Zhang Guang-Hui Liu | 2021 | Cell Research2021，31，4： | 10 |
| 14 | SIRT7 antagonizes human stem cell aging as a heterochromatin stabilizer显示文摘SIRT7,a sirtuin family member implicated in aging and disease,is a regulator of metabolism and stress responses.It remains elusive how human somatic stem cell populations might be impacted by SIRT7.Here,we found that SIRT7 expression declines during human mesenchymal stem cell(hMSC)aging and that SIRT7 deficiency accelerates senescence.Mechanistically,SIRT7 forms a complex with nuclear lamina proteins and heterochromatin proteins,thus maintaining the repressive state of heterochromatin at nuclear periphery.Accordingly,deficiency of SIRT7 results in loss of heterochromatin,derepression of the LINE1 retrotransposon(LINE1),and activation of innate immune signaling via the cGAS-STING pathway.These agingassociated cellular defects were reversed by overexpression of heterochromatin proteins or treatment with a LINE1 targeted reverse-transcriptase inhibitor.Together,these findings highlight how SIRT7 safeguards chromatin architecture to control innate immune regulation and ensure geroprotection during stem cell aging. | Shijia Bi Zunpeng Liu Zeming Wu Zehua Wang Xiaoqian Liu Si Wang Jie Ren Yan Yao Weiqi Zhang Moshi Song Guang-Hui Liu Jing Qu | 2020 | Protein & Cell2020，11，7： | 10 |
| 15 | A human circulating immune cell landscape in aging and COVID-19显示文摘Age-associated changes in immune cells have been linked to an increased risk for infection.However,a global and detailed characterization of the changes that human circulating immune cells undergo with age is lacking.Here,we combined scRNA-seq,mass cytometry and sCATAC-seq to compare immune cell types in peripheral blood collected from young and old subjects and patients with COVID-19.We found that the immune cell landscape was reprogrammed with age and was characterized by T cell polarization from naive and memory cells to effector,cytotoxic,exhausted and reg-ulatory cells,along with increased late natural killer cells,age-associated B cells,inflammatory monocytes and age-associated dendritic cells.In addition,the expression of genes,which were implicated in coron-avirus susceptibility,was upregulated in a cell subtype-specific manner with age.Notably,COVID-19 promoted age-induced immune cell polarization and gene expression related to inflammation and cellular senes-cence.Therefore,these findings suggest that a dysreg-ulated immune system and increased gene expression associated with SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility may at least partially account for COVID-19 vulnerability in the elderly. | Yingfeng Zheng Xiuxing Liu Wenqing Le Lihui Xie He Li Wen Wen Si Wang Shuai Ma Zhaohao Huang Jinguo Ye Wen Shi Yanxia Ye Zunpeng Liu Moshi Song Weiqi Zhang Jing-Dong J.Han Juan Carlos lzpisua Belmonte Chuanle Xiao Jing Qu Hongyang Wang Guang-Hui Liu Wenru Su | 2020 | Protein & Cell2020，11，10： | 10 |
| 16 | Bionic Coupling of Hardness Gradient to Surface Texture for Improved Anti-wear Properties显示文摘 | Long Zheng Jianjun Wu Si Zhang Shishuai Sun Zhihui Zhang Song Liang Zhenning Liu Luquan Ren | 2016 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2016，13，3： | 9 |
| 17 | Inter-decadal variations,causes and future projection of the Asian summer monsoon显示文摘The present paper presents a concise summary of our recent studies on the Asian summer monsoon,with highting decadal and inter- decadal scales. The studies on the long- term variations of the Asian summer monsoon and its impacts on the change in the summer precipitation in China are reviewed. Moreover,recent changes in the Asian summer monsoon and summer precipitation in East Asia(including Meiyu precipitation)are discussed. Finally,the future changes of the Asian summer monsoon are also pointed out in this paper. | Ding Yihui Si Dong Sun Ying Liu Yanju Song Yafang | 2014 | Engineering Sciences2014，12，2： | 8 |
| 18 | Stabilization of heterochromatin by CLOCK promotes stem cell rejuvenation and cartilage regeneration显示文摘Accumulating evidence indicates an association between the circadian clock and the aging process.However,it remains elusive whether the deregulation of circadian clock proteins underlies stem cell aging and whether they are targetable for the alleviation of aging-associated syndromes.Here,we identified a transcription factor-independent role of CLOCK,a core component of the molecular circadian clock machinery,in counteracting human mesenchymal stem cell(hMSC)decay.CLOCK expression was decreased during hMSC aging.In addition,CLOCK deficiency accelerated hMSC senescence,whereas the overexpression of CLOCK,even as a transcriptionally inactive form,rejuvenated physiologically and pathologically aged hMSCs.Mechanistic studies revealed that CLOCK formed complexes with nuclear lamina proteins and KAP1,thus maintaining heterochromatin architecture and stabilizing repetitive genomic sequences.Finally,gene therapy with lentiviral vectors encoding CLOCK promoted cartilage regeneration and attenuated age-related articular degeneration in mice.These findings demonstrate a noncanonical role of CLOCK in stabilizing heterochromatin,promoting tissue regeneration,and mitigating aging-associated chronic diseases. | Chuqian Liang Zunpeng Liu Moshi Song Wei Li Zeming Wu Zehua Wang Qiaoran Wang Si Wang Kaowen Yan Liang Sun Tomoaki Hishida Yanning Cai Juan Carlos lzpisua Belmonte Pedro Guillen Piu Chan Qi Zhou Weiqi Zhang Jing Qu Guang-Hui Liu | 2021 | Cell Research2021，31，2： | 8 |
| 19 | Discriminated sgRNAs-Based SurroGate System Greatly Enhances the Screening Efficiency of Plant Base-Edited Cells显示文摘The development of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated base editing has made genomic modification more efficient. However, selection of genetically modified cells from millions of treated cells, especially plant cells, is still challenging. In this study, an efficient surrogate reporter system based on a defective hygromycin resistance gene was established in rice to enrich base-edited cells. After step-by-step optimization, the Discriminated sgRNAs-based SurroGate system (DisSUGs) was established by artificially differentiating the editing abilities of a wild-type single guide RNA (sgRNA) targeting the surrogate reporter gene and an enhanced sgRNA targeting endogenous sites. The DisSUGs enhanced the efficiency of screening base-edited cells by 3- to 5-fold for a PmCDA1-based cytosine-to-tyrosine base editor (PCBE), and 2.5- to 6.5-fold for an adenine base editor (ABE) at endogenous targets. These targets showed editing efficiencies of <25% in the conventional systems. The DisSUGs greatly enhanced the frequency of homozygous substitutions and expanded the activity window slightly for both a PCBE and an ABE. Analyses of the total number of single-nucleotide variants from whole-genome sequencing revealed that, compared with the no-enrichment PCBE strategy, the DisSUGs did not alter the frequency of genome-wide sgRNA-independent off-target mutations, but slightly increased the frequency of target-dependent off-target mutations. Collectively, the DisSUGs developed in this study greatly enhances the efficiency of screening plant base-edited cells and will be a useful system in future applications. | Wen Xu Yongxing Yang Ya Liu Guiting Kang Feipeng Wang Lu Li Xinxin Lv Si Zhao Shuang Yuan Jinling Song Ying Wu Feng Feng Xiaoqing He Chengwei Zhang Wei Song Jiuran Zhao Jinxiao Yang | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，1： | 8 |
| 20 | CRISPR/Cas9-mediated multiple gene editing in Brassica oleracea var.capitata using the endogenous tRNA-processing system显示文摘Cabbage(Brassica oleracea var.capitata)is a biennial plant with strong self-incompatibility and an obligate requirement for prolonged vernalization by exposure to low temperatures to induce flowering.These characteristics significantly increase the difficulty of exploiting novel germplasm induced by physical or chemical mutagens.In this study,we report a CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system based on endogenous tRNA processing to induce high efficiency and inheritable mutagenesis in cabbage.Using the phytoene desaturase gene BoPDS,the S-receptor kinase gene BoSRK,and the male-sterility-associated gene BoMS1 as the target genes,multisite and multiple gene mutations were achieved using a construct with tandemly arrayed tRNA-sgRNA architecture to express multiple sgRNAs.The BoSRK3 gene mutation suppressed self-incompatibility completely,converting the self-incompatible line into a self-compatible line.In addition,the BoMS1 gene mutation produced a completely male-sterile mutant,which was highly cross compatible with its nonmutant isoline at the flowering stage as a result of a simultaneous BoSRK3 gene mutation,enabling the economic propagation of the male-sterile line through bee-mediated cross-pollination.Interestingly,higher site mutation efficiency was detected when a guide sequence was inserted into a location in the tandemly arrayed tRNA-sgRNA architecture that was distal from the upstream Pol III promoter.In addition,mutation sites were also detected in the paralogous genes of the BoPDS and BoSRK genes that had fully consistent sequences or base mismatches but beyond the“seed”region in the spacer sequence compared with the target sgRNAs.Collectively,our results demonstrate that the CRISPR/Cas9 system,coupled with an endogenous tRNA-processing system,is an efficient tool to improve cabbage traits. | Cunfa Ma Chenzeng Zhu Min Zheng Mengci Liu Dejun Zhang Baoli Liu Qinfei Li Jun Si Xuesong Ren Hongyuan Song | 2019 | Horticulture Research2019，6，1： | 8 |
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