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| 1 | Ultralong-life and high-rate web-like Li4Ti5O12 anode for high-performance flexible lithium-ion batteries显示文摘 | Xianfu Wang Bin Liu Xiaojuan Hou Qiufan Wang Wenwu Li Di Chen Guozhen Shen | 2014 | Nano Research2014，7，7： | 16 |
| 2 | Economic power dispatch in smart grids: a framework for distributed optimization and consensus dynamics显示文摘By using the distributed consensus theory in multi-agent systems, the strategy of economic power dispatch is studied in a smart grid, where many generation units work cooperatively to achieve an optimal solution in a local area. The relationship between the distributed optimization solution and consensus in multi-agent systems is first revealed in this paper, which can serve as a general framework for future studies of this topic. First, without the constraints of capacity limitations, it is found that the total cost for all the generators in a smart grid can achieve the minimal value if the consensus can be reached for the incremental cost of all the generation units and the balance between the supply and demand of powers is kept. Then, by designing a distributed consensus control protocol in multi-agent systems with appropriate initial conditions,incremental cost consensus can be realized and the balance for the powers can also be satisfied. Furthermore,the difficult problem for distributed optimization of the total cost function with bounded capacity limitations is also discussed. A reformulated barrier function is proposed to simplify the analysis, under which the total cost can reach the minimal value if consensus can be achieved for the modified incremental cost with some appropriate initial values. Thus, the distributed optimization problems for the cost function of all generation units with and without bounded capacity limitations can both be solved by using the idea of consensus in multi-agent systems, whose theoretical analysis is still lacking nowadays. Finally, some simulation examples are given to verify the effectiveness of the results in this paper. | Wenwu YU Chaojie LI Xinghuo YU Guanghui WEN Jinhu LU | 2018 | Science China(Information Sciences)2018，61，1： | 13 |
| 3 | Phytophthora sojae Effector PsAvh240 Inhibits Host Aspartic Protease Secretion to Promote Infection显示文摘Plants secrete defense molecules into the extracellular space (the apoplast) to combat attacking microbes. However, the mechanisms by which successful pathogens subvert plant apoplastic immunity remain poorly understood. In this study, we show that PsAvh240, a membrane-localized effector of the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae, promotes P. sojae infection in soybean hairy roots. We found that PsAvh240 interacts with the soybean-resistant aspartic protease GmAP1 in planta and suppresses the secretion of GmAP1 into the apoplast. By solving its crystal structure we revealed that PsAvh240 contain six a helices and two WY motifs. The first two a helices of PsAvh240 are responsible for its plasma membrane-localization and are required for PsAvh240's interaction with GmAP1. The second WY motifs of two PsAvh240 molecules form a handshake arrangement resulting in a handshake-like dimer. This dimerization is required for the effector's repression of GmAP1 secretion. Taken together, these data reveal that PsAvh240 localizes at the plasma membrane to interfere with GmAP1 secretion, which represents an effective mechanism by which effector proteins suppress plant apoplastic immunity. | Baodian Guo Haonan Wang Bo Yang Wenjing Jiang Maofeng Jing Haiyang Li Yeqiang Xia Yuanpeng Xu Qinli Hu Fangfang Wang Feng Yu Yan Wang Wenwu Ye Suomeng Dong Weiman Xing Yuanchao Wang | 2019 | Molecular Plant2019，12，4： | 12 |
| 4 | Epidemiological Characteristics of Human Brucellosis-China,2016−2019显示文摘Introduction:Brucellosis is an important zoonotic infectious disease with its main mode of transmission from livestock to humans.The study analyzed epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis from 2016 to 2019 in China,aiming to understand progress of the National Program of Brucellosis Prevention and Control.Methods:The research obtained data on human brucellosis cases reported through China’s National Notifiable Disease Reporting System(NNDRS)from January 1,2016 to December 31,2019 and described brucellosis epidemiological patterns by region,seasonality,age,sex,and occupation.Results:The number of cases reported nationwide in China decreased from 47,139(3.4/100,000)in 2016 to 37,947(2.7/100,000)in 2018,and then increased to 44,036(3.2/100,000)in 2019,with an average annual incidence of 3.0/100,000 during the four study years.Brucellosis in Xinjiang declined from 35.6/100,000 in 2016 to 16.3/100,000 in 2019-an average annual decrease of 22.9%.Brucellosis in Inner Mongolia increased from 23.8/100,000 in 2016 to 54.4/100,000 in 2019-an average increase of 31.8%per year and accounting for 22%of all reported cases.Northern China reported 95.2%of cases during this period and still had an incidence of 7.2/100,000 and 87.0%of counties being affected by brucellosis in 2019.In this region in 2019,males aged 45-64 years old had an incidence of over 15.9/100,000,compared with over 7.0/100,000 among females aged 45-64 years old.Conclusions:Although there was progress in prevention and control of human brucellosis in some provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)in 2016 through 2019,progress was limited nationwide and there was an overall resurgence of brucellosis in 2019.The resurgence was primarily in Inner Mongolia.An One Health approach should be strengthened to ensure successful and sustainable brucellosis prevention and control in China. | Zhongfa Tao Qiulan Chen Yishan Chen Yu Li Di Mu Huimin Yang Wenwu Yin | 2021 | China CDC weekly2021，3，6： | 6 |
| 5 | Conservation of Jiaohe ancient earthen site in China显示文摘Earthen sites,which are mainly made of earth,are cultural heritages with historical,artistic and scientific values.Many extremely valuable earthen sites have been preserved in the arid areas in China.The earthen site of Jiaohe Ancient City is one of the earliest National Protected Important Cultural Heritage Sites.The Jiaohe Ancient City site exhibits all kinds of deteriorations,which can be found in the earthen sites in arid environments in China.Through a case study of the Jiaohe ancient earthen site,we present in this paper the comprehensive conservation technologies,including the mud bricklaying and reparation,wooden rod anchorage,crack grouting,surface potassium silicate(PS) penetration consolidation,and suspended steel beam ceiling,etc.Results of this case study showed that better conservation effects could be achieved by selecting proper PS penetration and crack grouting processes based on the deterioration characteristics of the earthen sites.The technology of mud bricklaying and reparation was also an effective method for preventing the earthen body from collapsing.Compared with traditional conservation technologies,the suspended steel beam ceiling technology could effectively reduce the negative impacts to the original state of the earthen site.As for unstable cliffs,a new method using composite anchor rod of bamboo and steel with massive loose earth was applied.Deformation monitoring and temporary supports were critical and indispensable measures for the safe of site conservation projects.Through years of monitoring and practical operation at the Jiaohe ancient earthen site,deterioration at the site has been effectively controlled. | Zuixiong Li Xudong Wang Manli Sun Wenwu Chen Qinglin Guo Huyuan Zhang | 2011 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2011，3，3： | 6 |
| 6 | Cross-sectional survey of the relationship of symptomatology, disability and family burden among patients with schizophrenia in Sichuan, China显示文摘 | Zhuoqiu ZHANG Hong DENG Ying CHEN Shuiying LI Qian ZHOU Hua LAI Lifang LIU Ling LIU wenwu SHEN | 2014 | 上海精神医学2014，26，1： | 6 |
| 7 | A new distinct geminivirus causes soybean stay-green disease显示文摘Dear Editor,Plant viruses make up almost half of the plant disease-causing pathogens,affecting crop yields and the global economy(Savary et al.,2019).Soybean(Glycine max)is one of the most valuable legume crops in the world,supplying 25%of the global edible oil and two-thirds of the global concentrated protein for livestock feeding.Recently,the outbreak of soybean stay-green syndrome with delayed leaf senescence(stay-green),flat pods,and increased number of abnormal seeds has swept the soybean production in the Huang-Huai-Hai region of China,resulting in huge yield losses(Xu et al.,2019).This disease has become an epidemic and prominent problem in soybean production and is still expanding its geography,including North America,posing a serious threat to soybean production(Harbach et al.,2016;Zhang et al.,2016;Li et al.,2019).However,the cause of soybean stay-green syndrome remains obscure. | Ruixiang Cheng Ruoxin Mei Rong Yan Hongyu Chen Dan Miao Lina Cai Jiayi Fan Gairu Li Ran Xu Weiguo Lu Yu Gao Wenwu Ye Shuo Su Tianfu Han Junyi Gai Yuanchao Wang Xiaorong Tao Yi Xu | 2022 | Molecular Plant2022，15，6： | 6 |
| 8 | Real-time detection of individual secondary organic aerosol particle from photooxidation of toluene using aerosol time of flight mass spectrometer显示文摘Photooxidation of the aromatic hydrocarbon toluene and its subsequent reactions were carried out using UV-irradiation of toluene/CH3ONO/NO/air mixtures in a home-made smog chamber. The secondary organic aerosols could be formed after those oxidation products of semi-volatile or- ganic compounds were partitioned between gas phase and particle phase. The aerosol time of flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS) was used to measure size and molecular composition of individual secondary organic aerosol particle. Size distribution and chemical composition of secondary organic aerosol were got in real time. | WANG Zhenya HAO Liqing ZHOU Liuzhu GUO Xiaoyong ZHAO Wenwu FANG Li ZHANG Weijun | 2006 | Science China Chemistry2006，49，3： | 5 |
| 9 | Baicalein suppresses vasculogenic mimicry through inhibiting RhoA/ROCK expression in lung cancer A549 cell line显示文摘Vasculogenic mimicry(VM)refers to a new tubular network of the blood supply system with abundant extracellular matrix.VM is similar to capillaries but does not involve endothelial cells.As a traditional herbal medicine commonly used in China,baicalein possesses anti-inflammatory and lipoxygenase activities.However,the effects of baicalein on the process of VM formation in nonsmall cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and the underlying mechanisms have remained poorly understood.In this study,baicalein was found to inhibit the viability and motility of A549 cells and induced the breakage of the cytoskeletal actin filament network.In addition,baicalein significantly decreased the formation of VM and downregulated the expressions of VM-associated factors,such as VEcadherin,EphA2,MMP14,MMP2,MIVIP9,PI3K and LAMC2,similar to the effects of ROCK inhibitors.In deed,baicalei n inhibited RhoA/ROCK expression in vitro and in vivo,suggesting the underlying mechanisms of reduced VM formation.Collectively,baicalein suppressed the formation of VM in NSCLC by targeting the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway,indicating that baicalein might serve as an emerging drug for NSCLC. | Zhe Zhang Li Nong Menglei Chen Xiaoli Gu Weiwei Zhao Minghui Liu Wenwu Cheng | 2020 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2020，52，9： | 5 |
| 10 | The self-regulation process and its mechanism of channels' bed changes in the Changjiang(Yangtze) Estuary in China显示文摘Recent bathymetric changes in the Changjiang Estuary under the influence of artificial regulation engineerings and basin reservoirs have been analyzed based on the maritime charts since 1997 and recent fieldworks. The results indicate a slight erosion of the channels in the upper and middle estuary, continuing deposition and seaward move of the mouth bar crest and intensifying erosion at the nearshore seabed. It is noteworthy that the morphological evolution caused by intensive human activities dominates over the changes from nature process.First, the riverbes are eroded overall in the South Branch(SB), the South Channel(SC) and the upper and middle reaches of the North Channel(NC). The nearshore seabed outside the river mouth is being eroded slightly, which is attributed to the declining sediment supply from the Changjiang Basin due to the construction of the Three Gorges Dam upstream. The sediment above the seabed is very active and coarsened, meanwhile, sand waves are becoming more distinct. Second, a deposition occurs in the North Brach(NB), the mouth of the NC, the mouth bars of the North Passage(NP) and the South Passage(SP) and especially the main channel of the NP, where it shows a massive siltation after the deep waterway project. The reasons for the recent changes are not only the dynamic structure in estuarine mouth bars, but also the supply of sediment resuspension in a local and offshore area. Meanwhile, the severe erosion and siltation in some reaches is related to the construction of estuarine engineerings. It is indicated that the Changjiang Estuary is gradually self-adjusted and adapting to the varying natural factors and intensive human activities. The study on the mechanism of self-regulation of the recent bathymetric changes in the Changjiang Estuary has important and practical significance. | ZHANG Xiaohe LI Jiufa ZHU Wenwu CHENG Heqin CHEN Wei | 2015 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2015，34，7： | 5 |
| 11 | A strategy for accurate detection of glucose in human serum and whole blood based on an upconversion nanoparticles-polydopamine nanosystem显示文摘 | Yan Liu Datao Tu Wei Zheng Lianyu Lu Wenwu You Shanyong Zhou Ping Huang Renfu Li Xueyuan Chen | 2018 | Nano Research2018，11，6： | 5 |
| 12 | Comprehensive Marine Observing Experiment Based on High-Altitude Large Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(South China Sea Experiment2020 of the “Petrel Project”)显示文摘In collaboration with 12 other institutions, the Meteorological Observation Center of the China Meteorological Administration undertook a comprehensive marine observation experiment in the South China Sea using the Yilong-10 high-altitude large unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV). The Yilong-10 UAV carried a self-developed dropsonde system and a millimeter-wave cloud radar system. In addition, a solar-powered unmanned surface vessel and two drifting buoys were used. The experiment was further supported by an intelligent, reciprocating horizontal drifting radiosonde system that was deployed from the Sansha Meteorological Observing Station, with the intent of producing a stereoscopic observation over the South China Sea. Comprehensive three-dimensional observations were collected using the system from 31 July to2 August, 2020. This information was used to investigate the formation and development processes of Typhoon Sinlaku(2020). The data contain measurements of 21 oceanic and meteorological parameters acquired by the five devices, along with video footage from the UAV. The data proved very helpful in determining the actual location and intensity of Typhoon Sinlaku(2020). The experiment demonstrates the feasibility of using a high-altitude, large UAV to fill in the gaps between operational meteorological observations of marine areas and typhoons near China, and marks a milestone for the use of such data for analyzing the structure and impact of a typhoon in the South China Sea. It also demonstrates the potential for establishing operational UAV meteorological observing systems in the future, and the assimilation of such data into numerical weather prediction models. | Xuefen ZHANG Liangxu LI Rongkang YANG Ran GUO Xia SUN Jianping LUO Hongbin CHEN Daxin LIU Kebing TANG Wenwu PENG Xiaodong HAN Qiyun GUO Xiaoxia LI Xikun FEI | 2021 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2021，38，4： | 4 |
| 13 | Two Confirmed Patients of Anthrax—Binzhou City,Shandong Province,China,August 2021显示文摘As of August 15,2021,2 confirmed cases of anthrax were reported to Shandong CDC,one of which was a 14-year-old student(Patient A)and the other was a 35-year-old man(Patient B)engaging in the slaughter of cattle.Patient A died on August 6,and Patient B has been transferred to an infectious disease hospital for isolation and treatment.The Shandong CDC formed a joint investigation team to determine the source of infection and prevent any further spread. | Xiaolin Yu Lifang Zhang Ming Fang Hao Liang Qi Zhang Xiusheng Yin Zengqiang Kou Wenwu Yin Zhong Li Enmin Zhang Shujun Ding | 2021 | China CDC weekly2021，3，38： | 4 |
| 14 | 'Chameleon-like' optical behavior of lanthanide-doped fluoride nanoplates for multilevel anti-counterfeiting applications显示文摘Lanthanide-based luminescent anti-counterfeiting materials are widely used in various kinds of products.However,the emission color of traditional lanthanide-based luminescent materials usually remains nearly unaltered upon different excitation lights,which may only work for single-level anti-counterfeiting.Herein,the NaYbF4∶2%Er@NaYF4 core/shell nanoplates (NPs) with 'chameleon-like' optical behavior are developed.These NPs display single-band red or green downshifting (DS) emission upon excitation at 377 or 490 nm,respectively.Upon 980 nm excitation,the color of upconversion (UC) emission can be finely tuned from green to yellow,and to red with increasing the excitation power density from 0.1 to 4.0 W/cm^2.The proposed materials readily integrate the advantages of excitation wavelength-dependent DS single-band emissions and sensitive excitation power-dependent UC multicolor emissions in one and the same material,which has never been reported before.Particularly,the proposed NPs exhibit excellent performance as security labels on trademark tag and security ink on painting,thus revealing the great potential of these lanthanide-doped fluoride NPs in multilevel anti-counterfeiting applications. | Wenwu You Datao Tu Renfu Li Wei Zheng Xueyuan Chen | 2019 | Nano Research2019，12，6： | 3 |
| 15 | Epidemic Characteristics,High-Risk Areas and Space-Time Clusters of Human Brucellosis—China,2020-2021显示文摘Introduction:Analyze the recent epidemiological and temporal-spatial characteristics of human brucellosis in China and provide information for adjusting strategies for brucellosis control.Methods:Human brucellosis data were obtained from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System(NNDRS).A geographical information system(GIS)was used to visualize high-risk areas with annual incidence based on county(district)polygons.The space-time scan statistic(STSS)was applied to detect the space-time clusters of human brucellosis.Results:A total of 69,767 cases were reported from 2,083 counties in the mainland of China in 2021,a 47.7%increase from 2020(47,425).About 95.5%of the total cases were centralized in northern China and 31.8%in Inner Mongolia(IM).The number of counties with an incidence exceeding 100 per 100,000 was 34 in 2020 and 65 in 2021.From 2020 to 2021,24 space-time clusters were detected.The two primary clusters were located northeast of IM,including 109 counties.The secondary clusters affected 208 counties in 2020 and spread to 297 counties in 2021,the majority of which were located in the middle of IM,exhibiting a trend spreading west from IM to neighboring provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs).Conclusions:From 2020 to 2021,the incidence of human brucellosis nationwide was exponential,demonstrating distinct spatiotemporal characteristics.Space-time clusters were located in IM and neighboring areas.Therefore,considerable efforts are required to curb this momentum. | Huimin Yang Quilan Chen Yu Li Di Mu Yanping Zhang Wenwu Yin | 2023 | China CDC weekly2023，5，1： | 3 |
| 16 | GROUP CONSENSUS FOR MULTIPLE NETWORKED EULER-LAGRANGE SYSTEMS WITH PARAMETRIC UNCERTAINTIES显示文摘In this paper,a group consensus problem is investigated for multiple networked agents with parametric uncertainties where all the agents are governed by the Euler-Lagrange system with uncertain parameters.In the group consensus problem,the agents asymptotically reach several different states rather than one consistent state.A novel group consensus protocol and a time-varying estimator of the uncertain parameters are proposed for each agent in order to solve the couple-group consensus problem.It is shown that the group consensus is reachable even when the system contains the uncertain parameters.Furthermore,the multi-group consensus is discussed as an extension of the couple-group consensus,and then the group consensus with switching topology is considered.Simulation results are finally provided to validate the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis. | HU Hongxiang ZHANG Zhe YU Li YU Wenwu XIE Guangming | 2014 | Journal of Systems Science & Complexity2014，27，4： | 3 |
| 17 | Long- versus short-interval follow-up after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study显示文摘Background:Average postoperative follow-up intervals vary in patients undergoing hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)resection because of limited evidence regarding the optimal interval.We aimed to compare the associations of long-versus short-interval follow-up with survival and recurrence in risk-stratified HCC patients.Methods:We performed a retrospective cohort study between 2007 and 2014.In total,1227 patients treated by curative resection of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A or B HCC were stratified as having a low(n=865)or high(n=362)risk of early recurrence(within the first 2 years after resection)based on prognostic factors identified by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operation algorithm.Patients were further classified into long-interval(every 4-6 months)and short-interval(every 2-4 months)follow-up subgroups based on follow-up within 2 years after resection(low risk,long vs.short:n=390 vs.n=475;high-risk,long vs.short:n=149 vs.n=213).Results:The short-interval follow-up did not prolong overall survival in either the low-risk(hazard ratio[HR]=1.152;95%confidence interval[CI]0.720-1.843)or high-risk(HR=1.213;95%CI 0.702-2.094)patients.Early recurrence occurred in 401 patients.For high-risk patients,the short-interval follow-up subgroup exhibited smaller intrahepatic recurrence than did the long-interval group(2.6 vs.3.5 cm,respectively,P=0.045).However,no significant difference in the rate of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage 0/A recurrence was found between the long-and short-interval follow-up groups in either low-or high-risk patients(63.1%vs.68.2%,respectively,P=0.580;31.3%vs.41.5%,respec-tively,P=0.280).The rate of curative intent treatment for recurrence(34.5%vs.39.7%,respectively,P=0.430;14.6%vs.20.3%,respectively,P=0.388)was also similar between the follow-up groups for low-and high-risk patients.Conclusions:Shortening the postoperative follow-up interval from every 4-6 months to every 2-4 months within the first 2 years after resection did not increase the rate of curative intent treatment or prolong the overall survival of patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A or B HCC. | Wei He Yun Zheng Ruhai Zou Jingxian Shen Junping Yang Jiliang Qiu Qiang Tao Wenwu Liu Zhiwen Yang Yuanping Zhang Binkui Li Yunfei Yuan | 2018 | Cancer Communications2018，38，1： | 2 |
| 18 | Growth and property enhancement of Er^(3+)-doped 0.68Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3-0.32PbTiO_3 single crystal显示文摘Er^(3+)-modified 0.68 Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3-0.32 PbTiO_3(PMN-32 PT) single crystals were grown by using the flux method. The growth mechanism of the crystal and influences of Er^(3+) ions on phase structure,electrical and optical properties were investigated. Results reveal that the crystals are still pure perovskite structure with Er3+ ions doping, but lattice enlarges slightly. The coercive electric field is increased from 4.83 to 6.37 kV/cm for [100]-oriented crystals comparing to undoped PMN-32 PT single crystals.Moreover, the crystal exhibits upconversion emission properties. Green(531 and 552 nm) and red(670 nm) emission bands are recorded under the excitation of 980 nm diode laser, which correspond to the ~2 H_(11/2)→~4 I_(15/2), ~4 S_(3/2)→~4 I_(15/2) and ~4 F_(9/2)→~4 I_(15/2) transitions of Er^(3+) ions. Our results show the feasibility of using this crystal in photoelectric multifunctional devices. | Wei Long Xing Chu Zengzhe Xi Pinyang Fang Xiaojuan Li Wenwu Cao | 2018 | Journal of Rare Earths2018，36，8： | 2 |
| 19 | An imputed whole-genome sequence-based GWAS approach pinpoints causal mutations for complex traits in a specific swine population显示文摘Sequencing-based genome-wide association studies(GWAS) have facilitated the identification of causal associations between genetic variants and traits in diverse species. However, it is cost-prohibitive for the majority of research groups to sequence a large number of samples. Here, we carried out genotype imputation to increase the density of single nucleotide polymorphisms in a large-scale Swine F;population using a reference panel including 117 individuals, followed by a series of GWAS analyses. The imputation accuracies reached 0.89 and 0.86 for allelic concordance and correlation, respectively. A quantitative trait nucleotide(QTN) affecting the chest vertebrate was detected directly, while the investigation of another QTN affecting the residual glucose failed due to the presence of similar haplotypes carrying wild-type and mutant allelesin the reference panel used in this study. A high imputation accuracy was confirmed by Sanger sequencing technology for the most significant loci. Two candidate genes,CPNE5 and MYH3, affecting meat-related traits were proposed. Collectively, we illustrated four scenarios in imputation-based GWAS that may be encountered by researchers, and our results will provide an extensive reference for future genotype imputation-based GWAS analyses in the future. | Guorong Yan Xianxian Liu Shijun Xiao Wenshui Xin Wenwu Xu Yiping Li Tao Huang Jiangtao Qin Lei Xie Junwu Ma Zhiyan Zhang Lusheng Huang | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022，65，4： | 2 |
| 20 | Effects of different CdCl_2 annealing methods on the performance of CdS/Cd Te polycrystalline thin film solar cells显示文摘In this paper, the effects of different Cd Cl2 annealing methods, including vapor annealing and dip-coating annealing, on the performance of Cd S/Cd Te polycrystalline thin-film solar cells are studied. After annealing, the samples are lightly etched with 1% bromine in methanol to remove surface oxides. Both annealing methods give Cd Te polycrystalline thin films with good crystallinity and complete structure. For solar cells containing the annealed Cd Te films, cell efficiency first increases and then decreases as the concentration of Cd Cl2 solution used for dip-coating annealing increases, and the optimized Cd Cl2 concentration is 12%. The uniformity of the performance of all cells is analyzed by calculating the relative standard deviation for each parameter. The uniformity of cell performance can be improved dramatically by dip-coating annealing instead of vapor annealing. Most notably, an appropriate concentration of Cd Cl2(12%) acts as a protective layer that is conducive to realizing uniform high-performance Cd S/Cd Te solar cells. According to the location of depletion regions, the Cd Te films treated by dip-coating annealing show a relatively low doping concentration, except for the sample treated with a Cd Cl2 concentration of 6%, which is consistent with the changes of short-circuit current density of the cells. It is believed that these results can be applied to the large-scale production of Cd Te polycrystalline thin-film solar cells. | ZENG GuangGen ZHANG JingQuan LI Bing LI Wei WU LiLi WANG WenWu FENG LiangHuan | 2015 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2015，58，5： | 1 |
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