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| 1 | Major advances in studies of the physical geography and living environment of China during the past 70 years and future prospects显示文摘The natural environment provides material essentials for human survival and development. The characteristics,processes, regional differentiation and forcing mechanisms of the elements of the natural environment(e.g. geomorphology,climate, hydrology, soil, etc.) are the main objects of research in physical geography. China has a complex natural environment and huge regional differentiation and therefore it provides outstanding reserach opportunities in physical geography. This review summarizes the most important developments and the main contributions of research in the physical geography and human living environment in China during the past 70 years. The major topics addressed are the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the evolution of its cryosphere, the development of fluvial systems, the acidification of the vast arid region of the Asian interior, variations in the monsoon and westerly climate systems on multiple timescales, the development of lakes and wetlands, the watershed system model, soil erosion, past human-environment interactions, biogeography, and physical geographic zonality. After briefly introducing international research developments, we review the history of research in physical geography in China, focusing on the major achievements and major academic debates, and finally we summarize the status of current research and the future prospects. We propose that in the context of the national demand for the construction of an ecological civilization, we should make full use of the research findings of physical geography, and determine the patterns and mechanisms of natural environmental processes in order to continue to promote the continued contribution of physical geography to national development strategies, and to further contribute to the theory of physical geography from a global perspective. | Fahu CHEN Bojie FU Jun XIA Duo WU Shaohong WU Yili ZHANG Hang SUN Yu LIU Xiaomin FANG Boqiang QIN Xin LI Tingjun ZHANG Baoyuan LIU Zhibao DONG Shugui HOU Lide TIAN Baiqing XU Guanghui DONG Jingyun ZHENG Wei YANG Xin WANG Zaijun LI Fei Wang Zhenbo HU Jie WANG Jianbao LIU Jianhui CHEN Wei HUANG Juzhi HOU Qiufang CAI Hao LONG Ming JIANG Yaxian HU Xiaoming FENG Xingguo MO Xiaoyan YANG Dongju ZHANG Xiuhong WANG Yunhe YIN Xiaochen LIU | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，11： | 11 |
| 2 | Review-material degradation assessed by digital image processing:Fundamentals,progresses,and challenges显示文摘Material degradation is accompanied by the changes in surface structure,morphology,and composition.These changes can be recorded by a variety of image acquisition devices that export digital images in grayscale or true color to a detector.Information regarding corrosion type and extent can be extracted with image processing methods.This paper provides a comprehensive review of material degradation assessed by digital image processing.Digital image processing systems used to assess material degradation are briefly reviewed,and the algorithms developed to process metallic materials degradation images are described.Physical and electrochemical methods that can be used to support digital image processing results are summarized,and future work that will augment the present methods of evaluating material degradation are discussed. | Da-Hai Xia Shizhe Song Lei Tao Zhenbo Qin Zhong Wu Zhiming Gao Jihui Wang Wenbin Hu Yashar Behnamian Jing-Li Luo | 2020 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2020，52，18： | 8 |
| 3 | Heterogeneous lamellar-edged Fe-Ni(OH)_(2)/Ni_(3)S_(2)nanoarray for efficient and stable seawater oxidation显示文摘Development of efficient non-precious catalysts for seawater electrolysis is of great significance but challenging due to the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and the impairment of chlorine electrochemistry at anode.Herein,we report a heterostructure of Ni_(3)S_(2)nanoarray with secondary Fe-Ni(OH)_(2)lamellar edges that exposes abundant active sites towards seawater oxidation.The resultant Fe-Ni(OH)_(2)/Ni_(3)S_(2)nanoarray works directly as a free-standing anodic electrode in alkaline artificial seawater.It only requires an overpotential of 269 mV to afford a current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2)and the Tafel slope is as low as 46 m V·dec^(-1).The 27-hour chronopotentiometry operated at high current density of 100 mA·cm^(-2)shows negligible deterioration,suggesting good stability of the Fe-Ni(OH)_(2)/Ni_(3)S_(2)@NF electrode.Faraday efficiency for oxygen evolution is up to〜95%,revealing decent selectivity of the catalyst in saline water.Such desirable catalytic performance could be benefitted from the introduction of Fe activator and the heterostructure that offers massive active and selective sites.The density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicate that the OER has lower theoretical overpotential than Cl_(2) evolution reaction in Fe sites,which is contrary to that of Ni sites.The experimental and theoretical study provides a strong support for the rational design of high-performance Fe-based electrodes for industrial seawater electrolysis. | Baihua Cui Zheng Hu Chang Liu Siliang Liu Fangshuai Chen Shi Hu Jinfeng Zhang Wei Zhou Yida Deng Zhenbo Qin Zhong Wu Yanan Chen Lifeng Cui Wenbin Hu | 2021 | Nano Research2021，14，4： | 7 |
| 4 | Rough Set Model for Cognitive Expectation Embedded Interval-Valued Decision Systems显示文摘Interval-valued information system is a kind of knowledge representation model for uncertain information. An interval-valued attribute has an expectation by experience or background knowledge, called cognitive expectation. There are few studies aiming at intervalvalued attributes with cognitive expectations. We propose the concept of Interval-valued decision system with expectations(IDSE). A new dominance relation based on the distances between expectations and interval values is constructed. Based on the constructed dominance relation, a rough set model for IDSE is investigated. Attribute reduction in IDSE is also examined by using discernibility matrices and discernibility functions. | DAI Jianhua LIU Zhenbo HU Hu SHI Hong | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Electronics2018，27，4： | 3 |
| 5 | Enhancing the Stability of Passive Film on 304 SS by Chemical Modification in Alkaline Phosphate–Molybdate Solutions显示文摘The purpose of this work was to enhance the corrosion resistance of the passive fi lm on 304 stainless steel(SS)by chemical modifi cation in alkaline phosphate–molybdate solutions.The 304 SS was passivated in both phosphate and phosphate–molybdate mixed solutions to investigate the eff ect of molybdate on its corrosion resistance.The experimental results indicated that the passive fi lm showed better corrosion resistance in Cl?-containing solutions after modifi cation in phosphate–molybdate solutions than in phosphate-only solutions.Energy-dispersive spectroscopy analyses revealed that the passive fi lm formed in phosphate–molybdate solutions contained Mo and P after modifi cation,which is the reason for the enhanced corrosion resistance. | Chengcheng Pan Yang Song Weixian Jin Zhenbo Qin Shizhe Song Wenbin Hu Da-Hai Xia | 2020 | Transactions of Tianjin University2020，26，2： | 2 |
| 6 | Quantifi cation of the Atmospheric Corrosion of 304 and 2205 Stainless Steels Using Electrochemical Probes Based on Thevenin Electrochemical Equivalent Circuit Model显示文摘Stainless steel(SS)is one of the most widely used engineering materials in marine engineering.However,its corrosion in the marine atmospheric environment due to the high concentration of Cl-is a problem.The SS corrosion is a threat to the development and security of marine industry;therefore,evaluating the corrosion resistance of SSs is necessary.In this work,atmospheric corrosion detection probes based on a symmetrical electrode system were used to study the corrosion behaviors of 304 SS and 2205 duplex stainless steel(DSS)in a simulated marine atmosphere.A theoretical model for electrochemical noise(EN)data analysis based on the Thevenin electrochemical equivalent circuit(EEC)model was established.The relationship between the EN characteristic parameters and the corrosion rate was obtained.The Thevenin EEC model analysis showed that the relationship between the noise resistance(Rn),the noise impedance[Rsn(f)],and the impedance modulus(|Z(f)|)was Rn≈Rsn=■.Thus,Rn and Rsn can be used as indicators for quantitative corrosion evaluation.The results of EN detection for the 304 SS and 2205 DSS showed that in a simulated marine atmospheric environment,the passive fi lms on the two SSs were relatively intact at the initial exposure stage,and their dissolution rates were slow.The corrosion resistance of the 2205 DSS was higher than that of the 304 SS.With the deposition of Cl-on the SS surface,pitting was initiated and the dissolution rate increased.The pitting initiation process on the SS surface was random,and part of the active pores could be repassivated. | Yu Zhu Yang Song Likun Xu Zhenbo Qin Shizhe Song Wenbin Hu Da-Hai Xia | 2020 | Transactions of Tianjin University2020，26，3： | 2 |
| 7 | Science with the 2.5-meter Wide Field Survey Telescope(WFST)显示文摘The Wide Field Survey Telescope(WFST) is a dedicated photometric surveying facility being built jointly by University of Science and Technology of China(USTC) and the Purple Mountain Observatory(PMO). It is equipped with a 2.5-meter diameter primary mirror, an active optics system, and a mosaic CCD camera with 0.73 gigapixels on the primary focal plane for highquality image capture over a 6.5-square-degree field of view. The installation of WFST near the summit of Saishiteng mountain in the Lenghu region is scheduled in summer of 2023, and the operation is planned to start three months later. WFST will scan the northern sky in four optical bands(u, g, r and i) at cadences from hourly/daily in the deep high-cadence survey(DHS) program, to semi-weekly in the wide field survey(WFS) program. During a photometric night, a nominal 30 s exposure in the WFS program will reach a depth of 22.27, 23.32, 22.84, and 22.31(AB magnitudes) in these four bands, respectively, allowing for the detection of a tremendous amount of transients in the low-z universe and a systematic investigation of the variability of Galactic and extragalactic objects. In the DHS program, intranight 90 s exposures as deep as 23(u) and 24 mag(g), in combination with target of opportunity follow-ups, will provide a unique opportunity to explore energetic transients in demand for high sensitivities, including the electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave events, supernovae within a few hours of their explosions,tidal disruption events and fast, luminous optical transients even beyond redshift of unity. In addition, the final 6-year co-added images, anticipated to reach g■25.8 mag in WFS or 1.5 mags deeper in DHS, will be of fundamental importance to general Galactic and extragalactic science. The highly uniform legacy surveys of WFST will serve as an indispensable complement to those of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time(LSST) that monitors the southern sky. | Tinggui Wang Guilin Liu Zhenyi Cai Jinjun Geng Min Fang Haoning He Ji-an Jiang Ning Jiang Xu Kong Bin Li Ye Li Wentao Luo Zhizheng Pan Xuefeng Wu Ji Yang Jiming Yu Xianzhong Zheng Qingfeng Zhu Yi-Fu Cai Yuanyuan Chen Zhiwei Chen Zigao Dai Lulu Fan Yizhong Fan Wenjuan Fang Zhicheng He Lei Hu Maokai Hu Zhiping Jin Zhibo Jiang Guoliang Li Fan Li Xuzhi Li Runduo Liang Zheyu Lin Qingzhong Liu Wenhao Liu Zhengyan Liu Wei Liu Yao Liu Zheng Lou Han Qu Zhenfeng Sheng Jianchun Shi Yiping Shu Zhenbo Su Tianrui Sun Hongchi Wang Huiyuan Wang Jian Wang Junxian Wang Daming Wei Junjie Wei Yongquan Xue Jingzhi Yan Chao Yang Ye Yuan Yefei Yuan Hongxin Zhang Miaomiao Zhang Haibin Zhao Wen Zhao | 2023 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2023，66，10： | 1 |
| 8 | The late Archaean to early Proterozoic origin and evolution of anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea显示文摘Impact statement Microorganisms,called anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea(ANME),can reduce a large amount of greenhouse gas methane and therefore have the potential to cool the Earth.We collected nearly all ANMEs genomes in public databases and performed a comprehensive comparative genomic analysis and molecular dating.Our results show that ANMEs originated in the late Archaean to early Proterozoic eon.During this period of time,our planet Earth was experiencing the Great Oxygenation Event and Huronian Glaciation,a dramatic drop in the Earth's surface temperature.This suggests that the emergence of ANMEs may contribute to the reduction of methane at that time,which is an unappreciated potential cause that led to the Huronian Glaciation. | Yinzhao Wang Ruize Xie Jialin Hou Zhenbo Lv Liuyang Li Yaoxun Hu Hungchia Huang Fengping Wang | 2022 | mLife2022，1，1： | 1 |
| 9 | The approximate age of the planation surface and the incision of the Yellow River显示文摘 | Baotian Pan Zhenbo Hu Junping Wang Jef Vandenberghe Xiaofei Hu Yuhua Wen Qiong Li Bo Cao | 2010 | Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology2010，，： | 1 |
| 10 | Highly robust spatiotemporal wavefront prediction with a mixed graph neural network in adaptive optics显示文摘The time-delay problem,which is introduced by the response time of hardware for correction,is a critical and nonignorable problem of adaptive optics(AO)systems.It will result in significant wavefront correction errors while turbulence changes severely or system responses slowly.Predictive AO is proposed to alleviate the time-delay problem for more accurate and stable corrections in the real time-varying atmosphere.However,the existing prediction approaches either lack the ability to extract non-linear temporal features,or overlook the authenticity of spatial features during prediction,leading to poor robustness in generalization.Here,we propose a mixed graph neural network(MGNN)for spatiotemporal wavefront prediction.The MGNN introduces the Zernike polynomial and takes its inherent covariance matrix as physical constraints.It takes advantage of conventional convolutional layers and graph convolutional layers for temporal feature catch and spatial feature analysis,respectively.In particular,the graph constraints from the covariance matrix and the weight learning of the transformation matrix promote the establishment of a realistic internal spatial pattern from limited data.Furthermore,its prediction accuracy and robustness to varying unknown turbulences,including the generalization from simulation to experiment,are all discussed and verified.In experimental verification,the MGNN trained with simulated data can achieve an approximate effect of that trained with real turbulence.By comparing it with two conventional methods,the demonstrated performance of the proposed method is superior to the conventional AO in terms of root mean square error(RMS).With the prediction of the MGNN,the mean and standard deviation of RMS in the conventional AO are reduced by 54.2%and 58.6%at most,respectively.The stable prediction performance makes it suitable for wavefront predictive correction in astronomical observation,laser communication,and microscopic imaging. | JU TANG JI WU JIAWEI ZHANG MENGMENG ZHANG ZHENBO REN JIANGLEI DI LIUSEN HU GUODONG LIU JIANLIN ZHAO | 2023 | Photonics Research2023，11，11： | 0 |
| 11 | Solidification Behavior and Microstructures Characteristics of Ti-48Al-3Nb-1.5Ta Powder Produced by Supreme-Speed Plasma Rotating Electrode Process显示文摘In this study,the characteristics and solidification behavior of Ti-48Al-3Nb-1.5Ta powder produced by supreme-speed plasma rotating electrode process(SS-PREP®)were investigated.The microstructure,phase and characteristics were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction and other methods.The atomization mechanism is direct drop formation.The relationship between the particle size and cooling rate is vc=3.14×10^(-7)·d^(-2)+1.18×10^(-2)·d^(3/2),and the relationship between secondary dendrite arm space and the particle size isλ=0.028d+0.11,as well as the relationship between SDAS and cooling rate isλ=4.84×10^(-5)·T^(-1.43).With increase in particle size,the surface structure gradually changes from the featureless smooth structure to dendritic and cellular dendritic morphology,and the flow ability becomes better.The carbides mainly exist within 5 nm of the surface and the oxidation layer is about 20 nm thick.Ti-48Al-3Nb-1.5Ta powder was mainly composed ofα2 phase andγphase.With increase in particle size,the content ofγphase increases,and the hardness decreases accordingly.The 106–250μm particles are composed of multiple grains with the grain size of 70–80μm.The microstructure,phase composition and hardness of different TiAl powders with the same size are similar,but the elastic modulus is different. | Zhenbo Zuo Rui Hu Xian Luo Qingxiang Wang Chenxi Li Zhen Zhu Jian Lan Shujin Liang Hongkui Tang Kang Zhang | 2023 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2023，36，8： | 0 |
| 12 | Effect of Post-irradiation Annealing on Microstructure Evolution and Hardening in GH3535 Alloy Irradiated by Au Ions显示文摘The Au ion-irradiation experiments of GH3535 alloy,a candidate alloy structural material for molten salt reactor,was carried out in this study.Herein,isochronous annealing experiments were conducted from 200 to 850 ℃ to clarify the evolution behavior of damage defects with increasing temperature.The coarsening of dislocation loops and formation and dissolution of precipitates with increasing annealing temperature were characterized by transmission electron microscopy.Nanoindentation was performed to measure the variation of hardness caused by irradiation.Additionally,the relationship between irradiation hardening and microstructure evolution was established.This study lays a foundation for the evaluation of irradiation damage properties of GH3535 alloy at different annealing temperatures. | Cunyun Hu Hefei Huang Zhenbo Zhu Awen Liu Yan Li | 2022 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2022，35，11： | 0 |
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