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| 1 | Chemical compositions of PM_(2.5) aerosol during haze periods in the mountainous city of Yong'an, China显示文摘Haze phenomena were found to have an increasing tendency in recent years in Yong'an, a mountainous industrial city located in the center part of Fujian Province, China. Atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5) in the urban area during haze periods in three seasons (spring, autumn and winter) from 2007 to 2008 were collected, and the mass concentrations and chemical compositions (seventeen elements, water soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) and carbonaceous species) of PM2.5 were determined. PM2.5 mass concentrations did not show a distinct difference among the three seasons. The carbonaceous species organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) constituted up to 19.2%-30.4% of the PM2.5 mass during sampling periods, while WSIIs made up 25.3%-52.5% of the PM2.5 mass. The major ions in PM2.5 were SO42-, NO3- and NH4+, while the major elements were Si, K, Pb, Zn, Ca and Al. The experimental results (from data based on three haze periods with a 10-day sampling length for each period) showed that the crustal element species was the most abundant component of PM2.5 in spring, and the secondary ions species (SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, etc.) was the most abundant component in PM2.5 in autumn and winter. This indicated that dust was the primary pollution source for PM2.5 in spring and combustion and traffic emissions could be the main pollution sources for PM2.5 in autumn and winter. Generally, coal combustion and traffic emissions were considered to be the most prominent pollution sources for this city on haze days. | LiqianYin Zhenchuan Niu Xiaoqiu Chen Jinsheng Chen Lingling Xu Fuwang Zhang | 2012 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2012，24，7： | 19 |
| 2 | Chemical characteristics of PM_(2.5) during haze episodes in the urban of Fuzhou,China显示文摘Atmospheric fine particles(PM_(2.5)) were collected in this study with middle volume samplers in Fuzhou,China,during both normal days and haze days in summer(September 2007) and winter(January 2008).The concentrations,distributions,and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),organic carbon(OC),elemental carbon(EC),and water soluble inorganic ions(WSIIs) were determinated.The results showed that the concentrations of PM2.5,PAHs,OC,EC,and WSIIs were in the orders of haze > normal and winter > summer.The dominant PAHs of PM2.5 in Fuzhou were Fluo,Pyr,Chr,BbF,BkF,BaP,BghiP,and IcdP,which represented about 80.0%of the total PAHs during different sampling periods.The BaPeq concentrations of ∑PAHs were 0.78,0.99,1.22,and 2.43 ng/m3 in summer normal,summer haze,winter normal,and winter haze,respectively.Secondary pollutants(SO_4^(2-),NO_3^-,NH_4^+.and OC) were the major chemical compositions of PM2.5,accounting for 69.0%,55.1%,63.4%,and 64.9%of PM2.5 mass in summer normal,summer haze,winter normal,and winter haze,respectively.Correspondingly,secondary organic carbon(SOC) in Fuzhou accounted for 20.1%,48.6%,24.5%,and 50.5%of OC.The average values of nitrogen oxidation ratio(NOR) and sulfur oxidation ratio(SOR) were higher in haze days(0.08 and 0.27) than in normal days(0.05 and 0.22).Higher OC/EC ratios were also found in haze days(5.0) than in normal days(3.3).Correlation analysis demonstrated that visibility had positive correlations with wind speed,and negative correlations with relative humidity and major air pollutants.Overall,the enrichments of PM_(2.5),OC,EC,SO_4^(2-),and NO_3^- promoted haze formation.Furthermore,the diagnostic ratios of IcdP/(IcdP + BghiP),IcdP/BghiP,OC/EC,and NO_3^-/SO_4^(2-) indicated that vehicle exhaust and coal consumption were the main sources of pollutants in Fuzhou. | Fuwang Zhang Lingling Xu Jinsheng Chen Xiaoqiu Chen Zhenchuan Niu Tong Lei Chunming Li Jinping Zhao | 2013 | Particuology2013，11，3： | 19 |
| 3 | TGFβ inhibition enhances the generation of hematopoietic progenitors from human ES cell-derived hemogenic endothelial cells using a stepwise strategy显示文摘 | Chengyan Wang Xuming Tang Xiaomeng Sun Zhenchuan Miao Yaxin Lv Yanlei Yang Huidan Zhang Pengbo Zhang Yang Liu LiyingDu Yang Gao Ming Yin Mingxiao Ding Hongkui Deng | 2012 | Cell Research2012，22，1： | 17 |
| 4 | Closed loop control design for the sense mode of micromachined vibratory gyroscopes显示文摘This paper presents a novel design method of force rebalance control for the sense mode of micromachined vibratory gyroscopes.Specific theoretical deductions are performed to identify a precise linear model of the open loop system of the sense mode,which is crucial for the PI controller design.The frequency responses obtained by experimental tests agree well with those calculated with the theoretical model,indicating the accuracy of the theoretical analyses.Experimental results demonstrate that the bandwidth of the closed loop is extended to 94.8 Hz from 2.3 Hz in the open loop and the quadrature signal is suppressed by about 64 dBV in the closed loop system.The overshoot and stable time in the step response of the closed loop system are measured to be about 15% and 35 ms,respectively.The mode-splitting gyroscope with the closed loop controlled sense mode achieves a scale factor of 41.0 mV/deg/s with nonlinearity of 0.09% and asymmetry of 1%,and a bias instability of 4.0 °/h with angle random walk of 0.171 deg/h1/2. | HE ChunHua ZHAO QianCheng LIU YuXian YANG ZhenChuan YAN GuiZhen | 2013 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2013，56，5： | 10 |
| 5 | Mercury in leaf litter in typical suburban and urban broadleaf forests in China显示文摘To study the role of leaf litter in the mercury (Hg) cycle in suburban broadleaf forests and the distribution of Hg in urban forests, we collected leaf litter and soil from suburban evergreen and deciduous broadleaf forests and from urban forests in Beijing. The Hg concentrations in leaf litter from the suburban forests varied from 8.3 to 205.0 ng/g, with an average (avg) of (49.7 ± 36.9) ng/g. The average Hg concentration in evergreen broadleaf forest leaf litter (50.8 ± 39.4) ng/g was higher than that in deciduous broadleaf forest leaf litter (25.8 ± 10.1) ng/g. The estimated Hg fluxes of leaf litter in suburban evergreen and deciduous broadleaf forests were 179.0 and 83.7 mg/(ha·yr), respectively. The Hg concentration in organic horizons (O horizons) ((263.1 ± 237.2) ng/g) was higher than that in eluvial horizons (A horizons) ((83.9 ± 52.0) ng/g). These results indicated that leaf litterfall plays an important role in transporting atmospheric mercury to soil in suburban forests. For urban forests in Beijing, the Hg concentrations in leaf litter ranged from 8.8-119.0 (avg 28.1 ± 16.6) ng/g, with higher concentrations at urban sites than at suburban sites for each tree. The Hg concentrations in surface soil in Beijing were 32.0-25300.0 ng/g and increased from suburban sites to urban sites, with the highest value from Jingshan (JS) Park at the centre of Beijing. Therefore, the distribution of Hg in Beijing urban forests appeared to be strongly influenced by anthropogenic activities. | Zhenchuan Niu Xiaoshan Zhang Zhangwei Wang Zhijia Ci | 2011 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2011，23，12： | 9 |
| 6 | Identity-based signature scheme based on quadratic residues显示文摘Identity-based(ID-based)cryptography has drawn great concerns in recent years,and most of ID-based schemes are constructed from bilinear parings.Therefore,ID-based scheme without pairing is of great interest in the field of cryptography.Up to now, there still remains a challenge to construct ID-based signature scheme from quadratic residues.Thus,we aim to meet this challenge by proposing a concrete scheme.In this paper,we first introduce the technique of how to calculate a 2lth root of a quadratic residue,and then give a concrete ID-based signature scheme using such technique. We also prove that our scheme is chosen message and ID secure in the random oracle model,assuming the hardness of factoring. | CHAI ZhenChuan CAO ZhenFu DONG XiaoLei | 2007 | Science in China(Series F)2007，50，3： | 7 |
| 7 | 4-1BB (CD137) Ligand Enhanced Anti-Tumor Immune Response against Mouse Forestomach Carcinoma In Vivo显示文摘Cancer occurrence and development has been demonstrated to be associated with escape from immune surveillance, and low costimulatory molecules expression has been considered as one of the important reasons for cancer evading the immune system. 4-1BB (CD137) is a costimulatory molecule expressed on the surface of activated T cells. Interaction of 4-1BB with its natural ligand (4-1BBL) expressed on antigen presenting cells (APCs) has been shown to amplify T-cell mediated immunity. We therefore examined whether murine cancer cells expressing 4-1BBL could produce anti-tumor effects in inoculated mice. Mouse forestomach carcinoma (MFC) cells were transfected with 4-1BBL gene (MFC/4-1BBL). The proliferation of the transduced cells in vitro was not different from that of parental cells. However, MFC/4-1BBL cells developed small tumors and induced higher cytotoxicity of tumor infiltration lymphocyte (TIL). Production of cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-2) in serum and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity of splenocytes from mice immunized with mitomycin C (MMC)-treated MFC/4-1BBL cells were significantly higher than that from mice immunized with MMC-treated parental MFC and MFC/ pMKITneo cells. These results suggest that modification of cancer cells with 4-1BBL gene can produce anti-tumor immune responses. | Qiaoxia Li Jun Ai Zhenchuan Song Jie Liu Baoen Shan | 2008 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2008，5，5： | 5 |
| 8 | Applied Sequence Stratigraphy in Nonmarine Basin of China显示文摘This paper presents a preliminary summary of the applied sequence stratigraphy in nonmarine basins in China. The geological and geophysical data show that the nonmarine sequences mainly resulted from both allocyclic and autocyclic processes where the most important factors were isolated tectonics and climate. However, the environmental factor should have been crucial. The depositional base level served as the sea level in the marine environment, while the water table, lake level and fluvial equilibrium were profiled in a terrigenous environment. This accommodation varied periodically with the base level, resulting in the formation of a series of depositional sequences in terms of genesis and space. Basically, the base level of the inner continent was not affected by the changes in the relative sea level. But there would have been some relations between the changes in the relative sea level and that in the continental base level during eustacy flooding. However, a small time lag existed between the changes in the marine basin and the inner continent basin, The lake basin is smaller than the marine basin, but its velocity of sediment supply is greater than that of the marine basin. Therefore, the number of nonmarine sequences is greater than that of marine ones in the same period. It is important to recognize the system tracts for the study of high-precision or high-resolution sequence stratigraphy, especially to analyze the low-stand systems tract with its depositional system. The sequence boundary is genetically characterized by subaerial exposure, stratigraphic truncation and subaqueous erosion. The deposition analysis of Zhanhua depression reveals 5 sequence architectures: alluvial-fluvial/lacustrine architecture, transitional architecture formed between haline (mesohaline) lake and fresh lake, marine duration-deep lacustrine architecture, half deep lacustrine-ramp architecture and fluvial-alluvial plain architecture. During the major development of the nonmarine basin, the step-faulting breaks controlled the depositional system. Usually, the low-stand complex fan, prograding wedge and high-stand turbidity fan were close to the third stepping break. In the low-stand period, the sediments went around the incised valleys which then were filled with sand bar near the second stepping break. At the first stepping break the sediments were bypassed step by step or the alluvial fan was deposited with forced regressions in the low-stand time. The low-stand wedge may serve as favorable subtle or complex traps at the basin floor fan. The economic effectiveness is measured with the borehole in Bohai Bay basin. | Wei Kuisheng Li Daliang Zhang Shoupeng Hao Yunqing Department of Energy and Geology , China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083 Du Zhenchuan Department of Energy Resomces and Geology , Hebei Technology University , Handan 056038 Zong Guoho | 2001 | Journal of China University of Geosciences2001，12，4： | 5 |
| 9 | MEMS gyroscope control system using a band-pass continuous-time sigma-delta modulator显示文摘This paper presents a MEMS gyroscope control system of using a high-order band-pass continuoustime sigma-delta modulator.Compared with a low-pass discrete-time sigma-delta modulator based solution,the band-pass modulator can considerably decrease the sampling frequency;moreover,the continuous-time architecture has an obvious advantage on PCB prototyping and shorter lead time of the implementation in hardware.System level simulations using MATLAB/Simulink show the proposed sixth order sigma-delta modulator can achieve a high SNR of 100 dB for an angular rate input with an amplitude of 200/s and a frequency of32 Hz.A PCB circuit implementation is simulated using Orcad/PSpice to analyze the stability,and implemented in hardware.Measurement of the power spectral density of the output bitstream reveals a noise floor of90 dBV/Hz1/2.The prototype is tested on a rate table with an angular rate input,verifying that the principle of the approach of using an electro-mechanical band-pass sigma-delta modulator control system for a MEMS gyroscope. | DING HaiTao YANG ZhenChuan WANG ZhanFei KRAFT Michael YAN GuiZhen | 2013 | Science China(Information Sciences)2013，56，10： | 5 |
| 10 | Smart ring resonator–based sensor for multicomponent chemical analysis via machine learning显示文摘We demonstrate a smart sensor for label-free multicomponent chemical analysis using a single label-free ring resonator to acquire the entire resonant spectrum of the mixture and a neural network model to predict the composition for multicomponent analysis. The smart sensor shows a high prediction accuracy with a low rootmean-squared error ranging only from 0.13 to 2.28 mg/m L. The predicted concentrations of each component in the testing dataset almost all fall within the 95% prediction bands. With its simple label-free detection strategy and high accuracy, the smart sensor promises great potential for multicomponent analysis applications in many fields. | ZHENYU LI HUI ZHANG BINH THI THANH NGUYEN SHAOBO LUO PATRICIA YANG LIU JUN ZOU YUZHI SHI HONG CAI ZHENCHUAN YANG YUFENG JIN YILONG HAO YI ZHANG AI-QUN LIU | 2021 | Photonics Research2021，9，2： | 3 |
| 11 | Two-Year Observation of Fossil Fuel Carbon Dioxide Spatial Distribution in Xi’an City显示文摘The need for atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO2)reduction in the context of global warming is widely acknowledged by the global scientific community.Fossil fuel CO2(CO2ff)emissions occur mainly in cities,and can be monitored directly with radiocarbon(14 C).In this research,annual plants[Setaria viridis(L.)Beauv.]were collected from 26 sites in 2013 and2014 in the central urban district of Xi’an City.The△14C content of the samples were analyzed using a 3 MV Accelerator Mass Spectrometer,and CO2ff concentrations were calculated based on mass balance equations.The results showed that the CO2ff mixing ratio ranged from 15.9 to 25.0 ppm(part per million,equivalent toμmol mol-1),with an average of 20.5 ppm in 2013.The range of measured values became larger in 2014,from 13.9 ppm to 33.1 ppm,with an average of 23.5 ppm.The differences among the average CO2ff concentrations between the central area and outer urban areas were not statistically significant.Although the year-to-year variation of the CO2ff concentration was significant(P<0.01),there was a distinctly low CO2 ff value observed in the northeast corner of the city.CO2 ff emiissions from vehicle exhaust and residential sources appeared to be more significant than two thermal power plants,according to our observed CO2 ff spatial distribution.The variation of pollution source transport recorded in our observations was likely controlled by southwesterly winds.These results could assist in the optimal placement of regional CO2 monitoring stations,and benefit the local government in the implementation of efficient carbon emission reduction measures. | Xiaohu XIONG Weijian ZHOU Shugang WU Peng CHENG Hua DU Yaoyao HOU Zhenchuan NIU Peng WANG Xuefeng LU Yunchong FU | 2020 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2020，37，6： | 2 |
| 12 | Speech interaction with a rat显示文摘This paper presents the first report of a system of human's speech interaction with rats via integration of brain–machine interfaces and automatic speech recognition technologies. We propose a novel human–rat speech interaction paradigm by incorporating speech translator module, which translates human's speech commands into suitable electrical brain stimulation to steer the rat to induce expected locomotor behaviors. The preliminary results show that we can guide a rat's movement by speech commands. We further look into the future application scenarios together with forthcoming challenges facing this newly evolved cyborg intelligent system. This work will pave the way for natural interaction with animal robots. | Zhaohui Wu Yingchun Yang Bingchao Xia Zhenchuan Zhang Gang Pan | 2014 | Chinese Science Bulletin2014，59，28： | 2 |
| 13 | Chemical compositions and extinction coefficients of PM 2.5 in peri-urban of Xiamen, China, during June 2009–May 2010显示文摘 | Fuwang Zhang Lingling Xu Jinsheng Chen Yanke Yu Zhenchuan Niu Liqian Yin | 2011 | Atmospheric Research2011，，： | 2 |
| 14 | Field controlled experiments on the physiological responses of maize ( Zea mays L.) leaves to low-level air and soil mercury exposures显示文摘 | Zhenchuan Niu Xiaoshan Zhang Sen Wang Ming Zeng Zhangwei Wang Yi Zhang Zhijia Ci | 2014 | Environmental Science and Pollution Research2014，，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Phase speciation of mercury (Hg) in coastal water of the Yellow Sea, China显示文摘 | Zhijia Ci Xiaoshan Zhang Zhangwei Wang Zhenchuan Niu | 2011 | Marine Chemistry2011，，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Generation of human hepatocytes from extended pluripotent stem cells显示文摘Dear Editor,Human pluripotent stem cells have great potential for application in regenerative medicine,as they permit the generation of different lineages of functional cell types via directed differentiation.1 However,application of conventional human pluripotent stem cells is limited due to several factors,including heterogeneity in pluripotency,differentiation bias,relatively slow proliferation,and poor single-cell survival.2 Toovercome these problems. | Qiming Wang Da Sun Zhen Liang Junyi Wang Xinxing Zhong Yulin Lyu Junning Cao Zhongqing Lin Yuanyuan Du Zhenchuan Miao Shichun Lu Cheng Li Jun Xu Yan Shi Hongkui Deng | 2020 | Cell Research2020，30，9： | 1 |
| 17 | The linear accumulation of atmospheric mercury by vegetable and grass leaves: Potential biomonitors for atmospheric mercury pollution显示文摘 | Zhenchuan Niu Xiaoshan Zhang Sen Wang Zhijia Ci Xiangrui Kong Zhangwei Wang | 2013 | Environmental Science and Pollution Research2013，，9： | 1 |
| 18 | Pollution characteristics of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the southeast coastal cities of China显示文摘 | Lei Tong Xu Liao Jinsheng Chen Hang Xiao Lingling Xu Fuwang Zhang Zhenchuan Niu Jianshuan Yu | 2013 | Environmental Science and Pollution Research2013，，4： | 1 |
| 19 | A flexible, robust, and high ion-conducting solid electrolyte membranes enabled by interpenetrated network structure for all-solid-state lithium metal battery显示文摘Poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(ethylene glycol)(PVA/PEG) semi-interpenetrating networks(s-IPN) were synthesized for the application of solid electrolyte membranes of lithium metal batteries. Thermal, mechanical and dimensional stability, lithium-ion conductivity, interfacial compatibility, and cell performance were evaluated to assure their application. As this s-IPN structure suppressed the crystallinity by formation of network structure, both the lithium-ion conductivity and mechanical strength were simultaneously enhanced. The PVA/PEG-3s-IPN showed the highest lithium-ion conductivity of 3.26 × 10^(-4)S cm^(-1)in a wide electrochemical window(5.8 V vs. Li/Li^(+)), maintaining the robust solid-state with the tensile strength beyond 16.2 MPa at room temperature. The synthesized solid electrolyte membranes exhibited quite high specific capacity over 122 m Ah g^(-1)at 0.1 C from Li|PVA/PEG-3s-IPN|LiFePO_(4) cell and the long-term stable lithium stripping/plating performance for 1000 cycles from Li symmetric cell. | Zhenchuan Tian Dukjoon Kim | 2022 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2022，31，5： | 1 |
| 20 | A bulk micromachined vidratory lateral gyroscope fadricated with wafer bonding and deep trench etching显示文摘 | Zhihong Li Zhenchuan Yang Zhixiong Xiao | 2000 | Sensors and Actuators2000，83，： | 1 |
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