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| 1 | Recent Progress in Understanding PAMP- and Effector-Triggered Immunity against the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae显示文摘瑞斯强风,由真菌的病原体 Magnaporthe oryzae 引起了,是世界范围的米饭的最破坏的疾病之一。riceM。因为它的科学前进和经济重要性, oryzae pathosystem 在 plantfungal 相互作用的学习成为了一个模型。最近的研究从强风真菌识别了很多个新联系病原体的分子的模式(PAMP ) 和受动器在感觉之上的扳机米饭免疫者回答。在无毒性受动器和他们的血缘的抵抗蛋白质之间的相互作用分析提供了新卓见进 plantfungal 相互作用的分子的基础。在这评论,我们在两 M 在那些基因的描述上总结最近的研究。为被触发 PAMP 、被触发受动器的免疫识别和发信号的过程是重要的 oryzae 和米饭。我们也为将推进我们这 pathosystem 的理解的研究讨论未来方向。 | Wende Liu Jinling Liu Yuese Ning Bo Ding Xuli Wang Zhilong Wang Guo-Liang Wang | 2013 | Molecular Plant2013，6，3： | 29 |
| 2 | Modeling spatio-temporal distribution of soil moisture by deep learning-based cellular automata model显示文摘Soil moisture content (SMC) is a key hydrological parameter in agriculture,meteorology and climate change,and understanding of spatio-temporal distributions of SMC in farmlands is important to address the precise irrigation scheduling.However,the hybrid interaction of static and dynamic environmental parameters makes it particularly difficult to accurately and reliably model the distribution of SMC.At present,deep learning wins numerous contests in machine learning and hence deep belief network (DBN) ,a breakthrough in deep learning is trained to extract the transition functions for the simulation of the cell state changes.In this study,we used a novel macroscopic cellular automata (MCA) model by combining DBN to predict the SMC over an irrigated corn field (an area of 22 km^2) in the Zhangye oasis,Northwest China.Static and dynamic environmental variables were prepared with regard to the complex hydrological processes.The widely used neural network,multi-layer perceptron (MLP) ,was utilized for comparison to DBN.The hybrid models (MLP-MCA and DBN-MCA) were calibrated and validated on SMC data within four months,i.e.June to September 2012,which were automatically observed by a wireless sensor network (WSN) .Compared with MLP-MCA,the DBN-MCA model led to a decrease in root mean squared error (RMSE) by 18%.Thus,the differences of prediction errors increased due to the propagating errors of variables,difficulties of knowing soil properties and recording irrigation amount in practice.The sequential Gaussian simulation (s Gs) was performed to assess the uncertainty of soil moisture estimations.Calculated with a threshold of SMC for each grid cell,the local uncertainty of simulated results in the post processing suggested that the probability of SMC less than 25% will be difference in different areas at different time periods.The current results showed that the DBN-MCA model performs better than the MLP-MCA model,and the DBN-MCA model provides a powerful tool for predicting SMC in highly non-linear forms.Moreover,because modeling soil moisture by using environmental variables is gaining increasing popularity,DBN techniques could contribute a lot to enhancing the calibration of MCA-based SMC estimations and hence provide an alternative approach for SMC monitoring in irrigation systems on the basis of canals. | SONG Xiaodong ZHANG Ganlin LIU Feng LI Decheng ZHAO Yuguo YANG Jinling | 2016 | Journal of Arid Land2016，8，5： | 20 |
| 3 | Biostratigraphy of Triassic Marine Reptiles in Southwest Guizhou and Its Adjacent Area显示文摘This paper briefly reviews the Triassic marine reptile fossils inGuizhou Province, especially the fossils that have been recently found in the Guanling area. Based on three sections at Guanling and Xingyi, Guizhou Province and Luoping, Yunnan Province, four horizons with vertebrate fossils are recognized in the Middle and Upper Triassic of this area; They are from bottom to top: Member I and Member Ⅱ of the Guanling Formation, and the Zhuganpo Member and the Wayao Member of the Falang Formation. | WANG Liting, LI Jinling, WANG Xinjin, LI Chun,WU Tianzhuang and LIU Jun Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development of Guizhou ProvinceGuiyang 550004 Institute of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Palaeoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044 Guizhou Museum, Guiyang 550004 | 2001 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2001，75，4： | 17 |
| 4 | Methylmercury and sulfate-reducing bacteria in mangrove sediments from Jiulong River Estuary,China显示文摘Estuaries are important sites for mercury (Hg) methylation,with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) thought to be the main Hg methylators.Distributions of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) in mangrove sediment and sediment core from Jiulong River Estuary Provincial Mangrove Reserve,China were determined and the possible mechanisms of Hg methylation and their controlling factors in mangrove sediments were investigated.Microbiological and geochemical parameters were also determined.Results showed that SRB constitute a small fraction of total bacteria (TB) in both surface sediments and the profile of sediments.The content of THg,MeHg,TB,and SRB were (350±150)ng/g,(0.47±0.11)ng/g,(1.4×10 11±4.1×109)cfu/g dry weight (dw),and (5.0×106±2.7×106)cfu/g dw in surficial sediments,respectively,and (240±24)ng/g,(0.30±0.15)ng/g,(1.9×1011± 4.2×1010)cfu/g dw,and (1.3×106± 2.0×106) cfu/g dw in sediment core,respectively.Results showed that THg,MeHg,TB,MeHg/THg,salinity and total sulfur (TS) increased with depth,but total organic matter (TOM),SRB,and pH decreased with depth.Concentrations of MeHg in sediments showed significant positive correlation with THg,salinity,TS,and MeHg/THg,and significant negative correlation with SRB,TOM,and pH.It was concluded that other microbes,rather than SRB,may also act as main Hg methylators in mangrove sediments. | Hao Wu Zhenhua Ding Yang Liu Jinling Liu Haiyu Yan Jiayong Pan Liuqiang Li Huina Lin Guanghui Lin Haoliang Lu | 2011 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2011，23，1： | 17 |
| 5 | Climate indexes of phytoliths from Homo erectus' cave deposits in Nanjing显示文摘A study on phytoliths and their climate indexes is carried out from Homo erectus?cave deposits in HuluCave, Nanjing. Evidence shows that phytolith assemblages of the cave deposits are dominated by the cold resistant types with a lower warm index, reflecting an overall cold inclined climate. This possibly connects the cave deposits with glacial climate to a great extent, which is in accordance with thenorthern fauna revealed by fossil mammals and temperateclimate indicated by pollen assemblages. According to the distributional state of the phytoliths and their climate in-dexes on 4 profiles in the cave, it is revealed that profiles Ⅰand Ⅱ display certain cold/warm, and dry/wet fluctuations; profile Ⅲ shows a humid and cold condition with the high-est humility in the cave deposits; while profile Ⅳ indicates a possible quick accumulating process because of its stableclimate indexes except for its bottom and top. | Weiming Wang Jinling Liu Xiaodan Zhou | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，18： | 14 |
| 6 | A cyclic nucleotide-gated channel mediates cytoplasmic calcium elevation and disease resistance in rice显示文摘The transient elevation of cytoplasmic calcium is essential for pathogen-associated molecular pattern(PAMP)-triggered immunity(PTI).However,the calcium channels responsible for this process have remained unknown.Here,we show that rice CDSI(CELL DEATH and SUSCEPTIBLE to BLAST 1)encoding OsCNGC9;a cyclic nucleotide-gated channel protein,positively regulates the resistance to rice blast disease.We show that OsCNGC9 mediates PAMP-induced Ca2+influx and that this event is critical for PAMPs-triggered ROS burst and induction of PTI-related defense gene expression.We further show that a PTI related receptor-lih cytoplasmic kinase OsRLCK185 physically interacts with and phosphorylates OsCNGC9 to activate its channel activity.Our results suggest a signaling cascade linking pattern recognition to calcium channel activation,which is required for initiation of PTI and disease resistance in rice. | Jiachang Wang Xi Liu An Zhang Yulong Ren Fuqing Wu Gang Wang Yang Xu Cailin Lei Shanshan Zhu Tian Pan Yongfei Wang Huan Zhang Fan Wang Yan-Qiu Tan Yupeng Wang Xin Jin Sheng Luo Chunlei Zhou Xiao Zhang Jinling Liu Shuai Wang Lingzhi Meng Yihua Wang Xi Chen Qibing Lin Xin Zhang Xiuping Guo Zhijun Cheng Jiulin Wang Yunlu Tian Shijia Liu Ling Jiang Chuanyin Wu Ertao Wang Jian-Min Zhou Yong-Fei Wang Haiyang Wang Jianmin Wan | 2019 | Cell Research2019，29，10： | 13 |
| 7 | Prognosis of microscopic polyangiitis with renal involvement:report of 60 Chinese patients显示文摘With the widespread clinical application of renal biopsy and serum antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) testing, the percentage of renal injuries caused by systemic small vessel vasculitis (SVV) including microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and Wegener’ s granulomatosis (WG) is on the rise in China. According to our previous report, SVV constituted 1.09% of diagnoses from all renal biopsies (5. 8% in secondary nephritis) and 14. 4% of that from renal biopsies from patients with chronic renal,failure, among which MPA is the most common type. Many studies reported that SVV with rapid progressive glomerulonephritis had poor prognosis with a 5-year renal survival less than 75%. However, there is a lack of large-sample statistical analysis about the long-term prognosis of SVV in China. Indeed, the clinical manifestations of SVV in China are quite different from those reported in other countries. This study is a retrospective analysis of the long term patient and renal survival rate and contributing factors based on 60 cases of MPA. | HU Wei-xin, LIU Zhi-hong,LIU Chun-bei,TANG Zheng, WANG Qing-wen, CHEN Hui-ping and LI Lei-shi Department of Nephrology, Clinical School of Nan jing, Second Military Medical University Research Institute of Nephrology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, China | 2005 | Chinese Medical Journal2005，，24： | 12 |
| 8 | Effect of Wuziyanzong Pill on sperm quality and calcium ion content in oligoasthenospermia rats显示文摘OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of Wuziyanzong treatment on the sperm quality and content of calcium ions(Ca 2+) in oligoasthenospermia rats.METHODS:A model of oligoasthenospermia was induced in 50 Sprague Dawley rats by treatment with tripterygium glycosides at 30 mg/kg per day for 8 weeks.They were divided randomly into a model group,a positive group(Huangjingzanyu capsule,3.01 g/kg),and low,medium and high dose Wuziyanzong treatment groups(2.30,4.60,9.20 g/kg crude drug respectively) with 10 in each group.Another 10 rats were used as a control group.The rats in the control and model groups were administered distilled water,while the rats in the remaining groups were administered Wuziyanzong for 30 d.The epididymides were removed,spermatozoa recovered and the sperm density and viability were measured.The spermatozoa were purified and the contents of Ca 2+ in the cytoplasm and mitochondria were detected by flow cytometry and atomic absorption spectrometry,respectively.RESULTS:After 8 weeks of treatment with tripterygium glycosides,the sperm density,sperm activity and the Ca 2 + content of spermatozoa in the model rats were all significantly decreased compared with the control group(all P<0.05).After 30 d treatment,the sperm density and activity improved and the Ca 2 + content of sperm were increased significantly in the medium and high dose Wuziyanzong treatment groups in comparison with the model group(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The Wuziyanzong treatment increased sperm density,improved sperm viability and enhanced the content of Ca 2+ in the sperm cytoplasm and mitochondria in this rat model of oligoasthenospermia. | Tongsheng Wang Jinling Huang Deling Wu Qing Li Xiangguo Liu Han Chen Lei Qiao Dongdong Li Jun Li | 2012 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2012，32，4： | 11 |
| 9 | Discriminated sgRNAs-Based SurroGate System Greatly Enhances the Screening Efficiency of Plant Base-Edited Cells显示文摘The development of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated base editing has made genomic modification more efficient. However, selection of genetically modified cells from millions of treated cells, especially plant cells, is still challenging. In this study, an efficient surrogate reporter system based on a defective hygromycin resistance gene was established in rice to enrich base-edited cells. After step-by-step optimization, the Discriminated sgRNAs-based SurroGate system (DisSUGs) was established by artificially differentiating the editing abilities of a wild-type single guide RNA (sgRNA) targeting the surrogate reporter gene and an enhanced sgRNA targeting endogenous sites. The DisSUGs enhanced the efficiency of screening base-edited cells by 3- to 5-fold for a PmCDA1-based cytosine-to-tyrosine base editor (PCBE), and 2.5- to 6.5-fold for an adenine base editor (ABE) at endogenous targets. These targets showed editing efficiencies of <25% in the conventional systems. The DisSUGs greatly enhanced the frequency of homozygous substitutions and expanded the activity window slightly for both a PCBE and an ABE. Analyses of the total number of single-nucleotide variants from whole-genome sequencing revealed that, compared with the no-enrichment PCBE strategy, the DisSUGs did not alter the frequency of genome-wide sgRNA-independent off-target mutations, but slightly increased the frequency of target-dependent off-target mutations. Collectively, the DisSUGs developed in this study greatly enhances the efficiency of screening plant base-edited cells and will be a useful system in future applications. | Wen Xu Yongxing Yang Ya Liu Guiting Kang Feipeng Wang Lu Li Xinxin Lv Si Zhao Shuang Yuan Jinling Song Ying Wu Feng Feng Xiaoqing He Chengwei Zhang Wei Song Jiuran Zhao Jinxiao Yang | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，1： | 8 |
| 10 | Genomic insights into the fast growth of paulownias and the formation of Paulownia witches' broom显示文摘Paulownias are among the fastest growing trees in the world,but they often suffer tremendous loss of wood production due to infection by Paulownia witches'broom(PaWB)phytoplasmas.In this study,we have sequenced and assembled a high-quality nuclear genome of Paulownia fortunei,a commonly cultivated paulownia species.The assembled genome of P.fortunei is 511.6 Mb in size,with 93.2%of its sequences anchored to 20 pseudo-chromosomes,and it contains 31985 protein-coding genes.Phylogenomic analyses show that the family Paulowniaceae is sister to a clade composed of Phrymaceae and Orobanchaceae.Higher photosynthetic efficiency is achieved by integrating C3 photosynthesis and the crassulacean acid metabolism pathway,which may contribute to the extremely fast growth habit of paulownia trees.Comparative transcriptome analyses reveal modules related to cambial growth and development,photosynthesis,and defense responses.Additional genome sequencing of PaWB phytoplasma,combined with functional analyses,indicates that the effector PaWB-SAP54 interacts directly with Paulownia PfSPLa,which in turn causes the degradation of PfSPLa by the ubiquitin-mediated pathway and leads to the formation of witches'broom.Taken together,these results provide significant insights into the biology of paulownias and the regulatory mechanism for the formation of PaWB. | Yabing Cao Guiling Sun Xiaoqiao Zhai Pingluo Xu Liming Ma Minjie Deng Zhenli Zhao Haibo Yang Yanpeng Dong Zhonghai Shang Yujie Lv Lijun Yan Haifang Liu Xibing Cao Bingbing Li Zhe Wang Xiaogai Zhao Haiyan Yu Fan Wang Wen Ma Jinling Huang Guoqiang Fan | 2021 | Molecular Plant2021，14，10： | 7 |
| 11 | Seasonal Variation of Biochemical Components in Clam (Saxidomuspurpuratus Sowerby 1852) in Relation to Its Reproductive Cycle and the Environmental Condition of Sanggou Bay, China显示文摘Seasonal variation of biochemical components in clam(Saxidomus purpuratus Sowerby 1852) was investigated from March 2012 to February 2013 in relation to environmental condition of Sanggou Bay and the reproductive cycle of clam.According to the histological analysis,the reproductive cycle of S.purpuratus includes two distinctive phases:a total spent and inactive stage from November to January,and a gametogenesis stage,including ripeness and spawning,during the rest of the year.Gametes were generated at a low temperature(2.1℃) in February.Spawning took place once a year from June to October.The massive spawning occurred in August when the highest water temperature and chlorophyll a level could be observed.The key biochemical components(glycogen,protein and lipid) in five tissues(gonad,foot,mantle,siphon and adductor muscle) were analyzed.The glycogen content was high before gametogenesis,and decreased significantly during the gonad development in the gonad,mantle and foot of both females and males,suggesting that glycogen was an important energy source for gonad development.The protein and lipid contents increased in the ovary during the gonad development,demonstrating that they are the major organic components of oocytes.The lipid and protein contents decreased in the testis,implying that they can provide energy and material for spermatogenesis.The results also showed that protein stored in the mantle and foot could support the reproduction after the glycogen was depleted. | BI Jinhong LI Qi ZHANG Xinjun ZHANG Zhixin TIAN Jinling XU Yushan LIU Wenguang | 2016 | Journal of Ocean University of China2016，15，2： | 6 |
| 12 | The study of chemiluminescence in gastric and colonic carcinoma cell lines treated by anti-tumor drugs显示文摘AIM: To study the influence of chemotherapy on proliferationactivation of tumor cell by observing the change ofchemiluminescence (CL) and cell cycle in various tumor celllines after mitomycin C treated.METHODS: BGC823 and LoVocell lines were all cultured inRPMI-1640, and then were adjusted to a concentration of1x105 cells/ml in fresh media.and incubated for 24 h.Mitomycin C (100 ng@ml-1) was added to each bottle. Allindeses were examined after 24 h. No Mitomycin C wasadded in control group. Each group contained 8 samples.Flow cytometric analysis and luminol-dependent CL wereused to investigate the effect of mitomycin C on twogastrointestinal carcinoma cell lines.RESULTS: BGC823 and LoVo cell lines incubated with MMCfor 24 h. We discovered that the emergence of peak of CLstimulated by PHA was postponed significantly (BGC823:12.63±3.21 vs 4.50±1.04, LoVo: 13.25+2.96 vs 5.12±1.36,P<0.01) and the peak intension of CL was reduced significantly(BGC823:120.25±16.61 vs248.38±29.17, LoVo: 98.13±10.49vs267.50±18.56, P<0.01).The PI of cell lines was decreasedsignificantly (BGC823:51.87±4.82 vs 25.44±2.26, LoVo:47.11±1.04 vs 24.23±0.37, P<0.01) and the apoptoticfractions changed by contraries (BGC823:26.25+5.29 vs9.83±2.51, LoVo: 33.50±3.68 vs9.63±1.44, P<0.01).CONCLUSION: CL can be used to measure activation oftumor cells. We discovered that the ground CL intensions oftwo cell lines were not high but increased rapidly afterstimulation of PHA. The CL peak ranged from 4-5 minutes,and then decreased gradually. The results were not reportedbefore. CL of tumor cell has close correlativity with thedynamics of cell cycle and can reflect the feature of oxidationmetabolism and proliferation activation of tumor cell. So itcan be used to observe the influence of chemotherapydrug on metabolism and proliferation activation of tumorcell and screen out chemotherapy drugs to which tumorcells are sensitive. | Che Chen Fu-Kun Liu Xiao-Ping Qi Jie-Shou Li Nanjing University School of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, 305 Zhongshandong Road, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，2： | 5 |
| 13 | An Abrupt Rainfall Decrease over the Asian Inland Plateau Region around 1999 and the Possible Underlying Mechanism显示文摘A decadal change in summer rainfall in the Asian inland plateau(AIP) region is identified around 1999. This decadal change is characterized by an abrupt decrease in summer rainfall of about 15.7% of the climatological average amount,leading to prolonged drought in the Asian inland plateau region. Both the surface air temperature and potential evapotranspiration in the AIP show a significant increase, while the soil moisture exhibits a decrease, after the late 1990s. Furthermore,the normalized difference vegetation index shows an apparent decreasing trend during 1999–2007. Three different drought indices—the standardized precipitation index, the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index, and the self-calibrating Palmer drought severity index—present pronounced climate anomalies during 1999–2007, indicating dramatic drought exacerbation in the region after the late 1990s. This decadal change in the summer rainfall may be attributable to a wave-like teleconnection pattern from Western Europe to Asia. A set of model sensitivity experiments suggests that the summer warming sea surface temperature in the North Atlantic could induce this teleconnection pattern over Eurasia, resulting in recent drought in the AIP region. | Jinling PIAO Wen CHEN Ke WEI Yong LIU Hans-F.GRAF Joong-Bae AHN Alexander POGORELTSEV | 2017 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2017，34，4： | 5 |
| 14 | Spatial heterogeneity of lake eutrophication caused by physiogeographic conditions:An analysis of 143 lakes in China显示文摘In order to identify the effect of geographic characteristics on the variations of nutrient concentrations and the utilization efficiency of nutrients by phytoplankton, data from 143 lakes, from 2008 to 2010, including three very different types of topography, i.e., the first topography ladder(FTL), second topography ladder(STL), and third topography ladder(TTL), were statistically analyzed. Lakes in the FTL and STL, located at high elevation(above1000 m) and low longitudes(lower than 105° E), were sporadically oligotrophic, whereas lakes in the TTL were almost all mesotrophic and eutrophic. The trophic level index(TLI)became higher with the rise of longitude. Two turning points(5 and 15°C) on the curve of TLI as function of the average annual temperature(AAT) corresponded with the AAT in different lake regions in the STL and TTL. Because the responses of TLI to AAT differ significantly, there were variations of nutrient and algal biomass concentrations in different lake regions in the same type of topography ladder. According to the differences in utilization efficiency of total nitrogen or total phosphorus by phytoplankton, China could be partitioned into six lake regions. Scientific nutrient criteria for each lake region shall be established considering these differences in China. | Jingtao Ding Jinling Cao Qigong Xu Beidou Xi Jing Su Rutai Gao Shouliang Huo Hongliang Liu | 2015 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2015，27，4： | 5 |
| 15 | Vertical distribution and storage of soil organic and inorganic carbon in a typical inland river basin,Northwest China显示文摘Knowledge of soil carbon(C) distribution and its relationship with the environment can improve our understanding of its biogeochemical cycling and help to establish sound regional models of C cycling. However, such knowledge is limited in environments with complex landscape configurations. In this study, we investigated the vertical distribution and storage of soil organic carbon(SOC) and soil inorganic carbon(SIC) in the 10 representative landscapes(alpine meadow, subalpine shrub and meadow, mountain grassland, mountain forest, typical steppe, desert steppe, Hexi Corridor oases cropland, Ruoshui River delta desert, Alxa Gobi desert, and sandy desert) with contrasting bioclimatic regimes in the Heihe River Basin, Northwest China. We also measured the 87 Sr/86 Sr ratio in soil carbonate to understand the sources of SIC because the ratio can be used as a proxy in calculating the contribution of pedogenic inorganic carbon(PIC) to total SIC. Our results showed that SOC contents generally decreased with increasing soil depth in all landscapes, while SIC contents exhibited more complicated variations along soil profiles in relation to pedogenic processes and parent materials at the various landscapes. There were significant differences of C stocks in the top meter among different landscapes, with SOC storage ranging from 0.82 kg C/m^2 in sandy desert to 50.48 kg C/m^2 in mountain forest and SIC storage ranging from 0.19 kg C/m^2 in alpine meadow to 21.91 kg C/m^2 in desert steppe. SIC contributed more than 75% of total C pool when SOC storage was lower than 10 kg C/m^2, and the proportion of PIC to SIC was greater than 70% as calculated from Sr isotopic ratio, suggesting the critical role of PIC in the C budget of this region. The considerable variations of SOC and SIC in different landscapes were attributed to different pedogenic environments resulted from contrasting climatic regimes, parent materials and vegetation types. This study provides an evidence for a general trade-off pattern between SOC and SIC, showing the compensatory effects of environmental conditions(especially climate) on SOC and SIC formation in these landscapes. This is largely attributed to the fact that the overall decrease in temperature and increase in precipitation from arid deserts to alpine mountains simultaneously facilitate the accumulation of SOC and depletion of SIC. | YANG Fan HUANG Laiming YANG Renmin YANG Fei LI Decheng ZHAO Yuguo YANG Jinling LIU Feng ZHANG Ganlin | 2018 | Journal of Arid Land2018，10，2： | 4 |
| 16 | Preparation and Adsorption Properties of Biomass Activated Carbon from Ginger Stems显示文摘Biomass activated carbon(BAC)was produced from ginger stems by carbonization and activation presented high specific surface areas and mesoporous structures.The carbonization temperature of the ginger stems were controlled within 500~900℃.The optimal carbonization condition is as follows:carbonization temperature of 700℃,carbonization time of 6 h.The determined optimum activation condition is:temperature of 800℃,activator of KOH and carbonized product/alkali ratio of 1:4(w/w).The carbonization yield,BAC yield and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)surface area were measured and the adsorption performance of BAC to nitrogen was investigated.The results showed that the nitrogen adsorption isotherm curve was as type I isotherm.It was finally determined that the BET surface area was 660 m2/g under the abovementioned optimal conditions of carbonization and activation.The FESEM analysis indicates that the obtained BAC is of micropore structure. | Jinling Liu Xiaoming Song Shanshan Gao Fushan Chen | 2019 | Paper And Biomaterials2019，4，4： | 3 |
| 17 | High-temperature Electric Properties of Polycrystalline La-doped CaMnO_3 Ceramics显示文摘Polycrystalline La-doped CaMnO3 ceramics have been prepared by a solid-state sintering method.Analysis of microstructure and phase composition indicates that the addition of La can prohibit the further growth of grain,and no impurity phase appears.The results revealed that the La doping can lead to a large change of the activation energy(from 0.22 to 0.02 eV),and thus result in a marked increase in electric conductivity of 2-4 orders of magnitude.The power factor can reach about 1.5×10-4 W·m-1·K-2 in a wide temperature range,which potentially make them attractive for n-type high-temperature thermoelectric materials. | Jinle Lan Yuanhua Lin Ao Mei Cewen Nan Yong Liu Boping Zhang Jingfeng Li | 2009 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2009，25，4： | 3 |
| 18 | Mapping Soil Texture Based on Field Soil Moisture Observations at a High Temporal Resolution in an Oasis Agricultural Area显示文摘Due to the almost homogeneous topography in low relief areas, it is usually difficult to make accurate predictions of soil properties using topographic covariates. In this study, we examined how time series of field soil moisture observations can be used to estimate soil texture in an oasis agricultural area with low relief in the semi-arid region of northwest China. Time series of field-observed soil moisture variations were recorded for 132 h beginning at the end of an irrigation event during which the surface soil was saturated.Spatial correlation between two time-adjacent soil moisture conditions was used to select the factors for fuzzy c-means clustering. In each of the ten generated clusters, soil texture of the soil sample with the maximum fuzzy membership value was taken as the cluster centroid. Finally, a linearly weighted average was used to predict soil texture from the centroids. The results showed that soil moisture increased with the increase of clay and silt contents, but decreased with the increase of sand content. The spatial patterns of soil moisture changed during the entire soil drying phase. We assumed that these changes were mainly caused by spatial heterogeneity of soil texture. A total of 64 independent samples were used to evaluate the prediction accuracy. The root mean square error(RMSE)values of clay, silt and sand were 1.63, 2.81 and 3.71, respectively. The mean relative error(RE) values were 9.57% for clay, 3.77% for silt and 12.83% for sand. It could be concluded that the method used in this study was effective for soil texture mapping in the low-relief oasis agricultural area and could be applicable in other similar irrigation agricultural areas. | YANG Renmin LIU Feng ZHANG Ganlin ZHAO Yuguo LI Decheng YANG Jinling YANG Fei YANG Fan | 2016 | Pedosphere2016，26，5： | 3 |
| 19 | Intercalation modification of FeOCl and its application in dye wastewater treatment显示文摘The textile industry spreads globally with the challenges of its wastewater treatment,especially dyes,which are difficult to degrade.To improve coagulation-flocculation process in dye wastewater treatment,an intercalation process was employed to prepare a new efficient coagulant of lithium borohydride-iron oxychloride(LiBH_(4)_FeOCl) in this study.The layered crystal pristine iron oxychloride(FeOCl) material was prepared by chemical gas phase migration.LiBH4 was introduced into the layers of two dimensional(2 D) FeOCl nanosheets by a simple method of liquid phase insertion.The samples were characterized by a field emitting scanning electron microscopy(SEM),a rotating anode X-ray powder diffractometer(XRD),etc.The cationic dye was employed as the simulated pollutant.A coagulation and decolorization experimental device was built to study the coagulation performance of the new coagulant LiBH_(4)_FeOCl.It is found that the intercalation modified LiBH_(4)_FeOCl exhibits the characteristics of crystal structure,and the layered structure of FeOCl is preserved.LiBH_(4)_FeOCl,as an insoluble inorganic solid coagulant,performs well for dye pollutants of methyl red,basic yellow 1,methylene blue,rhodamine B,ethyl violet and Janus green B.The reaction rate is significantly 68% higher than the current commercial coagulants of Al_(2)(SO_(4))_(3).The mechanism analysis reveals that LiBH_(4)_FeOCl breaks and disperses rapidly in the water environment.Its negatively charged material particles can be electrostatically adsorbed with dye pollutant molecules through electrostatic action.The above collaborative actions of breaking,dispersion and electrostatic adsorption are the main coagulation mechanisms of LiBH_(4)_FeOCl.The solid inorganic coagulant of LiBH4FeOCl provides a competitive alternative for traditional inorganic salts and organic coagulants. | Jiaqiang Wu Yanfang Liu Xuejing Yang Jinling Wang Jie Yang | 2021 | Chinese Chemical Letters2021，32，8： | 3 |
| 20 | High Spatial Resolution and High Temporal Frequency(30-m/15-day) Fractional Vegetation Cover Estimation over China Using Multiple Remote Sensing Datasets:Method Development and Validation显示文摘High spatial resolution and high temporal frequency fractional vegetation cover(FVC) products have been increasingly in demand to monitor and research land surface processes. This paper develops an algorithm to estimate FVC at a 30-m/15-day resolution over China by taking advantage of the spatial and temporal information from different types of sensors: the 30-m resolution sensor on the Chinese environment satellite(HJ-1) and the 1-km Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS). The algorithm was implemented for each main vegetation class and each land cover type over China. First, the high spatial resolution and high temporal frequency normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) was acquired by using the continuous correction(CC) data assimilation method. Then, FVC was generated with a nonlinear pixel unmixing model. Model coefficients were obtained by statistical analysis of the MODIS NDVI. The proposed method was evaluated based on in situ FVC measurements and a global FVC product(GEOV1 FVC). Direct validation using in situ measurements at 97 sampling plots per half month in 2010 showed that the annual mean errors(MEs) of forest, cropland, and grassland were-0.025, 0.133, and 0.160, respectively, indicating that the FVCs derived from the proposed algorithm were consistent with ground measurements [R2 = 0.809,root-mean-square deviation(RMSD) = 0.065]. An intercomparison between the proposed FVC and GEOV1 FVC demonstrated that the two products had good spatial–temporal consistency and similar magnitude(RMSD approximates 0.1). Overall, the approach provides a new operational way to estimate high spatial resolution and high temporal frequency FVC from multiple remote sensing datasets. | Xihan MU Tian ZHAO Gaiyan RUAN Jinling SONG Jindi WANG Guangjian YAN Tim RMCVICAR Kai YAN Zhan GAO Yaokai LIU Yuanyuan WANG | 2021 | Journal of Meteorological Research2021，35，1： | 3 |
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