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| 1 | Seafloor hydrothermal activity and polymetallic sulfide exploration on the southwest Indian ridge显示文摘Polymetallic sulfides have attracted more attentions,which are regarded as one of the potential seabed mineral resources for their high grade of precious metal elements such as Cu,Zn,Pb,Au,and Ag.Since2007,there are four China dayang cruises(CDCs)with eight legs totally,which have been carried out to investigate polymetallic sulfides on the southwest Indian ridge(SWIR),and eight hydrothermal vents have been found.In2011,the China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association(COMRA)and International Seabed Authority(ISA)signed a 15-year contract for exploration for polymetallic sulfides located on the SWIR between 46°S and 53°S.The area allocated to the COMRA is approximately 10,000 km2.In this paper,we review the recent research advances about hydrothermal activity of the SWIR by the CDCs.As for the sulfides exploration in the future,some aspects should be emphasized,such as the controlling factors of sulfide mineralization on the SWIR,prospecting methods of inactive and buried sulfide deposits,sulfides resources assessment method,and the nearbottom sulfides exploration technology systems. | Chunhui Tao Huaiming Li Xiaobing Jin Jianping Zhou Tao Wu Yonghua He Xianming Deng Chunhua Gu Guoyin Zhang Weiyong Liu | 2014 | Chinese Science Bulletin2014，59，19： | 25 |
| 2 | Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating of granites from Dulan and the chronological framework of the North Qaidam UHP belt, NW China显示文摘Zircon SHRIMP dating of granites from Dulan,east segment of North Qaidam UHP belt shows that they are 406.6±3.5 Ma for Yematan-E,407.3±4.3 and 397±6 Ma for Balijiehatan-W,404.5±4.0 and 397.0±3.7 Ma for Shuiwenzhan-N,380.5±5.0 Ma for Shuiwenzhan-S,382.5±3.6 and 372.5±2.8 Ma for Chachagongma.These granites from Dulan represent the products of the third and fourth periods of Paleozoic magmatism in North Qaidam.Geochemically,the granitoids with metalumious to weak peratuminous are quartz diorite,granodiorite,and granite in composition and mainly belong to calc-alkaline series,a few samples to calc or alkali-calc series.The third period of granites is a rock association of granodiorite+granite,with initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios from 0.7082 to 0.7110 and T2DM model ages from 1.41–1.90 Ga;and the fourth period of granites is a rock association of quartz diorite+granodiorite+granite,with initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios from 0.7072 to 0.7091 and T2DM model ages from 1.07–1.38 Ga.Therefore,the third period of granites has higher initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios and T2DM model ages.On the contrary,the fourth period of granites has Nd(t)values from 0.6 to-3.0,higher than that of the third granite with Nd(t)values-3.2 to-9.3.Thus,the data comparison indicates that the third granites may derive from Paleo-proterzoic continental crust with mantle material whereas the fourth granites may derive from the Meso-proterzoic basalt crust with continental material.Combined with regional geology,we thought that the third granites were formed relative to plate exhumation and the fourth granites to delamination of the lithospheric mantle. | WU CaiLai GAO YuanHong LI ZhaoLi LEI Min QIN HaiPeng LI MinZe LIU ChunHua Ronald B FROST Paul T ROBINSON Joseph L WOODEN | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，12： | 21 |
| 3 | Evaluation of the Trend Uncertainty in Summer Ozone Valley over the Tibetan Plateau in Three Reanalysis Datasets显示文摘Trend uncertainty in the ozone valley over the Tibetan Plateau(OVTP)and the South Asian high(SAH)during1979–2009 in ERA-Interim(interim reanalysis data from the ECMWF),JRA-55(55-yr reanalysis data from the Japan Meteorological Agency),and NCEP-CFSR(Climate Forecast System Reanalysis)datasets was evaluated.The results showed that the NCEP-CFSR OVTP became strong in the summers of 1979–2009,whereas it became weak according to ERA-Interim and JRA-55.Satellite data merged with TOMS(Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer)and OMI(Ozone Monitoring Instrument)agreed with the OVTP trend of NCEP-CFSR.The OVTP strengthening in NCEP-CFSR may have been caused by SAH intensification,a rising tropopause,and increasing ozone over non-TP(non-Tibetan Plateau)areas(27°–37°N,<75°E and>105°E).Analogously,the OVTP weakening in ERA-Interim and JRA-55 may have been affected by weakening SAH,descending tropopause,and decreasing non-TP ozone. | Dong GUO Yucheng SU Xiuji ZHOU Jianjun XU Chunhua SHI Yu LIU Weiliang LI Zhenkun LI | 2017 | Journal of Meteorological Research2017，31，2： | 13 |
| 4 | Biomass production,nutrient cycling and distribution in age-sequence Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolate)plantations in subtropical China显示文摘Biomass production and nutrient(N, P, K, Ca and Mg) accumulation, distribution and cycling were quantified in young, mature and over-mature(10-, 22-, and34-year old) Chinese fir [Cunninghamia lanceolate(Lamb.) Hook] plantations in southern China. Total stand biomass of young, mature and over-mature stands was 38,104 and 138 t ha-1respectively. Biomass production increased significantly with age. Stem wood represented the highest percentage of stand biomass, accounting for 41,55 and 63 % in the young, mature and over-mature plantations respectively. Nutrients concentration was highest in live needles and branches, and lowest in stem wood. The plantations accumulated more N, followed by K, Ca, Mg,and P. Nutrient return amount, nutrient utilization efficiency, nutrient turnover time, the ratio of nutrient returnand uptake increased with stand age, which implies that young Chinese fir deplete soil nutrients to maintain growth,and efficiently utilize nutrients to decrease dependence on soil nutrients as they age. Harvesting young Chinese fir plantations would therefore lead to high nutrient loss, but prolonging the rotation length could improve soil recovery,and help sustain productivity in the long-term. Improved nutrient return through litterfall as stands get older may also be beneficial to nutrient pool recovery. | Lili Zhou Addo-Danso Daniel Shalom Pengfei Wu Zongming He Chunhua Liu Xiangqing Ma | 2016 | Journal of Forestry Research2016，27，2： | 13 |
| 5 | Interactively interfacial reaction of iron-reducing bacterium and goethite for reductive dechlorination of chlorinated organic compounds显示文摘The interactively interfacial reactions between the iron-reducing bacterium (Shewanella decolorationis, S12) and iron oxide (α-FeOOH) were investigated to determine reductive dechlorination transformation of chlorinated organic compounds (chloroform and pentachlorophenol). The results showed that the interactive system of S12+ α-FeOOH exhibited relatively high dechlorination rate. By comparison, the S12 biotic system alone had no obvious dechlorination, and the α-FeOOH abiotic system showed low dechlorination rate. The enhanced dechlorination of chloroform and pentachlorophenol in the interactive system of S12+α-FeOOH was derived from the promoted generation of adsorbed Fe(Ⅱ) by S12. A decrease in redox potential of the Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ) couple in the interactive reaction system was determined by cyclic voltammetry. Our results will give new insight into interactively interfacial reaction between iron-reducing bacterium and iron oxides for degradation of chlorinated organic compounds under anaerobic condition. | LI XiaoMin LI YongTao LI FangBai ZHOU ShunGui FENG ChunHua LIU TongXu | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，16： | 11 |
| 6 | Closed loop control design for the sense mode of micromachined vibratory gyroscopes显示文摘This paper presents a novel design method of force rebalance control for the sense mode of micromachined vibratory gyroscopes.Specific theoretical deductions are performed to identify a precise linear model of the open loop system of the sense mode,which is crucial for the PI controller design.The frequency responses obtained by experimental tests agree well with those calculated with the theoretical model,indicating the accuracy of the theoretical analyses.Experimental results demonstrate that the bandwidth of the closed loop is extended to 94.8 Hz from 2.3 Hz in the open loop and the quadrature signal is suppressed by about 64 dBV in the closed loop system.The overshoot and stable time in the step response of the closed loop system are measured to be about 15% and 35 ms,respectively.The mode-splitting gyroscope with the closed loop controlled sense mode achieves a scale factor of 41.0 mV/deg/s with nonlinearity of 0.09% and asymmetry of 1%,and a bias instability of 4.0 °/h with angle random walk of 0.171 deg/h1/2. | HE ChunHua ZHAO QianCheng LIU YuXian YANG ZhenChuan YAN GuiZhen | 2013 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2013，56，5： | 10 |
| 7 | Geophysical methods for the study of sedimentary cycles显示文摘We present the wavelet depth-frequency analysis and variable-scale frequency cycle analysis methods to study sedimentary cycles.The spectrum analysis,variable-scale frequency cycle analysis, and wavelet depth-frequency analysis methods are mainly discussed to distinguish sedimentary cycles of different levels.The spectrum analysis method established the relationship between the spectrum characteristics and the thickness and number of sedimentary cycles.Both the variable-scale frequency cycle analysis and the wavelet depth-frequency analysis are based on the wavelet transform.The variable-scale frequency cycle analysis is used to obtain the relationship between the periodic changes of frequency in different scales and sedimentary cycles,and the wavelet depth-frequency analysis is used to obtain the relationship between migration changes of frequency energy clusters and sedimentary cycles. We designed a software system to process actual logging data from the Changqing Oilfield to analyze the sedimentary cycles,which verified the effectiveness of the three methods,and good results were obtained. | Xu Jingling Liu Luofu Wang Guiwen Shen Jinsong Zhang Chunhua | 2009 | Petroleum Science2009，6，3： | 10 |
| 8 | Curcumin protects against ischemic spinal cord injury The pathway effect显示文摘Inducible nitric oxide synthase and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors have been shown to participate in nerve cell injury during spinal cord ischemia.This study observed a protective effect of curcumin on ischemic spinal cord injury.Models of spinal cord ischemia were established by ligating the lumbar artery from the left renal artery to the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta.At 24 hours after model establishment,the rats were intraperitoneally injected with curcumin.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical results demonstrated that after spinal cord ischemia,inducible nitric oxide synthase and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor mRNA and protein expression significantly increased.However,curcumin significantly decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor mRNA and protein expression in the ischemic spinal cord.Tarlov scale results showed that curcumin significantly improved motor function of the rat hind limb after spinal cord ischemia.The results demonstrate that curcumin exerts a neuroprotective effect against ischemic spinal cord injury by decreasing inducible nitric oxide synthase and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor expression. | Jinhua Zhang Hao Wei Meimei Lin Chunmei Chen Chunhua Wang Maobai Liu | 2013 | Neural Regeneration Research2013，8，36： | 9 |
| 9 | Automatic detection of oceanic eddies in reanalyzed SST images and its application in the East China Sea显示文摘Oceanic eddies may cause local sea surface temperature(SST), height, and salinity anomalies in remote sensing(RS) images. Remote sensed SST imagery has proven to be an effective technique in oceanic eddy detection, because of its high temporal and spatial resolution. Various techniques have been used to identify eddies from SST images. However, mainly owing to the strong morphological variation of oceanic eddies, there is arguably no uniquely correct eddy detection method. A scheme of algorithm based on quasi-contour tracing and clustering of eddy detection from SST dataset is presented. The method does not impose fixed restrictions or limitations during the course of 'suspected' eddy detection, and any eddy-like structures can be detected as 'suspected' eddies. Then, 'true' eddies can be identified based on the combination of intensity and spatial/temporal scale criteria. This approach has been applied to detect eddies in the East China Sea by using Operational SST & Sea Ice Analysis(OSTIA) dataset. Experiments proved that oceanic eddies ranging in diameter from tens to hundreds of kilometers can be detected. Through investigation of the 2007–2011 OSTIA daily SST dataset from the Kuroshio region in the East China Sea, we found that the most active regions for oceanic eddies are those along the Kuroshio path, northeast of Taiwan Island, the Yangtze Estuary and the Ryukyu Islands. About 86% of the cyclonic eddies and 87% of the anticyclonic eddies have the size of 50–100 km in diameter. Only 25% of the anticyclonic eddy and 26% of the cyclonic eddy have the strength more than 0.4°C in the sea surface layer. | ZHANG ChunHua LI HongLin LIU SongTao SHAO LianJun ZHAO Zhao LIU HongWei | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，12： | 8 |
| 10 | Comparative study on skin temperature response to menstruation at acupuncture points in healthy volunteers and primary dysmenorrhea patients显示文摘OBJECTIVE:To assess skin temperature response to menstruation at acupuncture points in primary dysmenorrhea(PD) patients and healthy volunteers so as to explore acupuncture point specificity in reflecting diseases in the light of skin temperature.METHODS:Fifty-two PD patients and 49 healthy volunteers were recruited.Skin temperature measurements were performed with a skin temperature assessment device at 10 points.Absolute difference between skin temperature of the same point on the left and right side is used as main outcome measure.RESULTS:On the first day of menstruation, when menstrual pain attacking in PD patients, a significant increase in skin temperature difference was detected at Taixi(KI 3) compared with the healthy group(P < 0.01).A significant reduction in skin temperature difference was detected at Taixi(KI 3) in the first day of menstruation compared with those values in the third day after menstruation(P < 0.01)in the healthy group.On the third day after menstruation, a significant reduction in skin temperature difference was found at Zhongdu(LR 6) in PD group compared with the healthy group(P < 0.05).No significant differences of skin temperature were detected at other points(P > 0.05).CONCLUSION:The skin temperature difference at menstruation-relevant points in PD patients did not all change significantly more than those in women without PD.Significant difference was only found in Taixi(KI 3), the Yuan-source point of Kidney meridian. | She Yanfen Ma Liangxiao Zhu Jiang Qi Conghui Wang Yanxia Tang Ling Li Chunhua Yuan Hongwen Liu Yuqi Song Jiashan | 2017 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2017，37，2： | 8 |
| 11 | Dendrite-free all-solid-state lithium batteries with lithium phosphorous oxynitride-modified lithium metal anode and composite solid electrolytes显示文摘Dendrite formation on lithium (Li) metal anode is a key issue which hinders the development of rechargeable Li battery seriously. A novel method for suppress!ng Li dendrites via using Li phosphorous oxynitride (UPON) modified Li anode and Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3-poly(ethylene oxide)(Li bistrifluoromethane-sulfonimide)(LAGP-PEO(LiTFSI)) composite solid electrolyte in all-solid-state Li battery is proposed, and the effect of the thickness of UPON on Li anode performarice is also studied. LiPON film with a thickness of 500 nm exhibits satisfactory interface property between Li metal anode and the LAGP-PEO(LiTFSI) solid electrolyte. The LiPON film provides a uniform Li^+ flux across the interface and effectively inhibits the formation of Li dendrites in all-solid-state Li batteries. The assembled all-solid-state Li cell Li(LiPON)/LAGP-PEO(LiTFSI)/LiFePO4 delivers an initial discharge capacity of 152.4 mAh·g^-1 and exhibits good cycling stability and rate performanee at 50 ℃. | Chunhua Wang Guoliang Bai Yifu Yang Xingjiang Liu Huixia Shao | 2019 | Nano Research2019，12，1： | 8 |
| 12 | Land Use/Cover Changes and Environmental Consequences in Songnen Plain,Northeast China显示文摘The Songnen Plain in Northeast China,one of the key national bases of agricultural production,went through remarkable land use/cover changes in recent years.This study aimed to explore the long-term land use/cover changes and the effects of these changes on the environment.The Landsat-based analysis showed that,during 1986-2000,cropland,built-up land and barren land had increased,among which cropland had the largest increase of 9,198km2 with an increase rate of 7.5%.Woodland,grassland,water body and swampland had decreased correspondingly,among which grassland had the most dramatic decrease of 6,127km2 with a decrease rate of 25.6%.The transition matrix results revealed that grassland,woodland and swampland were the three main land use types converted to cropland.Climate warming created the potential environment for the conversion of grassland and swampland into cropland.Land resources policy made by central and provincial governments of China affected the pattern and intensity of land use.Land use/cover changes accompanied by climatic variation brought out a series of environmental consequences,such as sand desertification of land,land salinization and alkalinization,grassland degradation,and more frequent floods.Under this circumstance,optimized land use structure and restoration measures are needed. | LIU Dianwei WANG Zongming SONG Kaishan ZHANG Bai HU Liangjun HUANG Ni ZHANG Sumei LUO Ling ZHANG Chunhua JIANG Guangjia | 2009 | Chinese Geographical Science2009，19，4： | 8 |
| 13 | A mesoscale eddy detection method of specific intensity and scale from SSH image in the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific显示文摘Mesoscale eddies exist almost everywhere in the ocean and play important roles in the ocean circulation of the world. These eddies may cause sound spread singular regions and bring great influences to the upwater ship and underwater aircraft. Due to the lack of hydrographic survey datasets, study of mesoscale eddies has been greatly restricted. Fortunately, satellite altimeter provided an effective way to study mesoscale eddies. An automatic detection algorithm is introduced to detect mesoscale eddies of specific intensity and spatial/temporal scale based on satellite sea surface height(SSH) data and the algorithm is applied in a strong eddy activity region: the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific. The algorithm includes four steps. The first step is preprocessing of the SSH image, which includes elimination of error SSH data and interpolation. The second step is to detect suspected mesoscale eddies from preprocessed SSH images by dynamic threshold adjustment and morphological method, and the suspected mesoscale eddy detection includes two procedures: suspected mesoscale eddy core region detection and suspected mesoscale eddy brim extraction. The third step is to pick out mesoscale eddies satisfied with specified criteria from suspected mesoscale eddies. The criteria include three items, that is, intensity criterion, spatial scale, criterion and temporal scale criterion. The last step is algorithm performance analysis and verification. The algorithm has the capability of adaptive parameter adjustment, and can extract mesoscale eddies of interested intensity and spatial/temporal scale. The paper can provide a basis for analyzing space-time characteristics of mesoscale eddy in the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific. | ZHANG ChunHua XI XiaoLiang LIU SongTao SHAO LianJun HU XiaoHua | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，8： | 8 |
| 14 | Novel MOF shell-derived surface modification of Li-rich layered oxide cathode for enhanced lithium storage显示文摘Li-rich layered oxide materials have attracted increasing attention because of their high specific capacity(>250 mAh g^(-1)). However, these materials typically suffer from poor cycling stability and low rate performance. Herein, we propose a facile and novel metal-organic-framework(MOF) shell-derived surface modification strategy to construct NiCo nanodots decorated(~5 nm in diameter) carbon-confined Li_(1.2)Mn_(0.54) Ni_(0.13)Co_(0.13)O_2 nanoparticles(LLO@C&NiCo). The MOF shell is firstly formed on the surface of as-prepared Li_(1.2)Mn_(0.54)Ni_(0.13)Co_(0.13)O_2 nanoparticles via low-pressure vapor superassembly and then is in situ converted to the NiCo nanodots decorated carbon shell after subsequent controlled pyrolysis.The obtained LLO@C&NiCo cathode exhibits enhanced cycling and rate capability with a capacity retention of 95% after 100 cycles at 0.4 C and a high capacity of 159 mAh g^(-1) at 5 C, respectively, compared with those of LLO(75% and 105 mAh g^(-1)). The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and selected area electron diffraction analyses after cycling demonstrate that the thin C&NiCo shell can endow LLO with high electronic conductivity and structural stability, indicating the undesired formation of the spinel phase initiated from the particle surface is efficiently suppressed. Therefore, this presented strategy may open a new avenue on the design of high-performance electrode materials for energy storage. | Zhitong Xiao Jiashen Meng Qi Li Xuanpeng Wang Meng Huang Ziang Liu Chunhua Han Liqiang Mai | 2018 | Science Bulletin2018，63，1： | 8 |
| 15 | Tonifying Qi and activating blood circulation in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine: their effects in patients with myocardial infarction显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of tonifying Qi and activating blood circulation(SQABC), a method in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM), on end-point events in patients with myocardial infarction(MI) in this retrospective cohort study.METHODS: Clinical data were obtained from the medical records of patients with acute MI(AMI),both during hospitalization and follow-up, and included general demographic information(age, gender, and contact information), TCM regimens used,and end-point events.RESULTS: A total of 1596 patients with AMI were enrolled to this study, but data of only 1210 casesare accessible till follow-up. We classified the patients based on the exposure levels of SQABC.When comparing the results between all exposure and non-exposure groups, significant differences were identified, both during hospitalization and follow-ups. During hospitalization, cardiac death(4.40% vs 21.55%, P < 0.05) and cardiac shock(3.04% vs 11.62%, P < 0.05) were significantly lower in the exposure group than the non-exposure group. Similarly, during the follow-up, cardiac death(12.04% vs 20.49%, P < 0.05), acute heart failure(7.27% vs 11.81%, P < 0.05), composite endpoint of reinfarction and stroke(9.11% vs 15.28%,P < 0.05), and rehospitalization due to angina(25.49% vs 34.38%, P < 0.05) were significantly lower in the exposure group than the non-exposure group.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that SQABC can significantly benefits the subjects in the management of high-risk AMI in them. | Gao Wulin Dai Guohua Zhang Tong Bi Dongxue Liu Chunhua Shi Xiaojing Zhao Fang Zhao Chen | 2018 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2018，38，5： | 7 |
| 16 | Dendrite‐free lithium and sodium metal anodes with deep plating/stripping properties for lithium and sodium batteries显示文摘Although lithium(Li)and sodium(Na)metals can be selected as the promising anode materials for next‐generation rechargeable batteries of high energy density,their practical applications are greatly restricted by the uncontrollable dendrite growth.Herein,a platinum(Pt)–copper(Cu)alloycoated Cu foam(Pt–Cu foam)is prepared and then used as the substrate for Li and Na metal anodes.Owing to the ultrarough morphology with a threedimensional porous structure and the quite large surface area as well as lithiophilicity and sodiophilicity,both Li and Na dendrite growths are significantly suppressed on the substrate.Moreover,during Li plating,the lithiated Pt atoms can dissolve into Li phase,leaving a lot of microsized holes on the substrate.During Na plating,although the sodiated Pt atoms cannot dissolve into Na phase,the sodiation of Pt atoms elevates many microsized blocks above the current collector.Either the holes or the voids on the surface of Pt–Cu foam what can be extra place for deposited alkali metal,what effectively relaxes the internal stress caused by the volume exchange during Li and Na plating/stripping.Therefore,the symmetric batteries of Li@Pt–Cu foam and Na@Pt–Cu foam have both achieved long‐term cycling stability even at ultrahigh areal capacity at 20 mAh cm−2. | Jianyi Wang Qi Kang Jingchao Yuan Qianru Fu Chunhua Chen Zibo Zhai Yang Liu Wei Yan Aijun Li Jiujun Zhang | 2021 | Carbon Energy2021，3，1： | 6 |
| 17 | Responses of Spatial-temporal Variation of Karst Ecosystem Service Values to Landscape Pattern in Northwest of Guangxi,China显示文摘The responses of spatiotemporal variation of ecosystem service values (ESVs) to landscape pattern from 1985 to 2005 in a typical Karst area of the northwest Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China,were examined us-ing remote sensing and geographic information system techniques in this paper.The total ecosystem service values de-clined significantly from 1985 to 1990,and then increased slowly from 1990 to 2005,almost equaled to the 1985 level.The ecosystem service values tended to decline from the west to the east and from mountainous regions to peak-cluster depression areas in 1985,1990,2000 and 2005 respectively.During the period from 1985 to 2005,the ecosystem ser-vice values have increased in the middle and eastern parts of the study area.Landscape pattern indices,such as total area,largest patch index,contagion,aggregative index,effective mesh and proportion of like adjacencies,are significantly correlated with ecosystem service values.This suggests that ecosystem service values tend to increase with the growth of patch area and patch connectivity.However,there are negative correlations between ecosystem service values and landscape pattern indices,such as division index and patch richness.It indicates that ecosystem service values decrease with patch fragmentation and patch size shrinkage.The ecosystem conditions in the typical Karst area have been improved because of the control measures of rocky desertification.It is important to protect key landscape types,such as woodland,shrub and grassland,and to increase patch size and connectivity to avoid further fragmentation.Furthermore,it is necessary to reduce disturbances to ensure the growth of ecosystem service values and to facilitate the sustainable development in this region. | ZHANG Mingyang WANG Kelin LIU Huiyu ZHANG Chunhua | 2011 | Chinese Geographical Science2011，21，4： | 6 |
| 18 | The root structures of 21 aquatic plants in a macrophyte-dominated lake in China显示文摘Aims Aquatic plants play an important role in freshwater ecosystems.Previous works have largely focused on the functional significance of plant above ground parts,with much less attention on the root structures of aquatic plants.In this study,we divided 21 aquatic plants(including five introduced plants)into multiple plant groups(different life forms,monocot/eudicot and introduced/native)with the goal of addressing two questions:(i)what root structures do aquatic plants exhibit,and(ii)are there differences among these plant groups?Methods Twenty-one aquatic plants belonging to four life forms(free-float-ing,emergent,floating-leaved and submerged)were collected at the near flowering stage from a typical macrophyte-dominated lake in the yangtze River Basin,China.The following root topological parameters were quantified:altitude(a),path length(pe),magnitude(M),mean topological length(b),topological index(TI)and normed indices qa and qb.Important Findings The root topological indices TI,qa and qb for the 21 aquatic plants were 0.724±0.013,0.290±0.031 and 0.152±0.024(means±S.E.),respectively,revealing a general pattern of dichotomous branching,except for the aquatic root of Myriophyllum aquati-cum(Vell.)Verdc.,which displays herringbone branching.All three topological indices were significantly lower for monocots(TI=0.700±0.130,qa=0.191±0.149 and qb=0.086±0.236)than eudicots(TI=0.752±0.206,qa=0.405±0.569 and qb=0.229±0.393),indicating that the roots of monocots are typi-cally more dichotomous-like than those of eudicots.Among the four life forms,the three topological indices for emergent plants(TI=0.832±0.006,qa=0.616±0.018 and qb=0.381±0.014)were significantly higher than those of the other three life forms.Overall,there was no difference between the topological indices of introduced and native aquatic plants,but the introduced species M.aquaticum and Alternanthera philoxeroides(Mart.)Griseb.had both aquatic and edaphic roots as well as unusual functions,which may help explain their strong viability. | Xiaolong Huang Ligong Wang Xin Guan Yuanyuan Gao Chunhua Liu Dan Yu | 2018 | Journal of Plant Ecology2018，11，1： | 6 |
| 19 | Cloning and expression of the first gene for biodegrading microcystin LR by Sphingopyxis sp.USTB-05显示文摘Harmful cyanobacterial blooms are a growing environmental problem worldwide in natural waters,the biodegradation is found to be the most efficient method for removing microcystins(MCs) produced by harmful cyanobacteria.Based on the isolation of a promising bacterial strain of Sphingopyxis sp.USTB-05 for biodegrading MCs,we for the first time cloned and expressed a gene USTB-05-A(HM245411) that is responsible for the first step in the biodegradation of microcystin LR(MC-LR) in E.coli DH5α,with a cloning vector of pGEM-T easy and an expression vector of pGEX-4T-1,respectively.The cell-free extracts(CE) of recombinant E.coli DH5α containing USTB-05-A had high activity for biodegrading MC-LR.The initial MC-LR concentration of 40 mg/L was completely biodegraded within 1 hr in the presence of CE with a protein concentration of 0.35 mg/mL.Based on an analysis of the liquid chromatogram-mass spectrum(LC-MS),the enzyme encoded by gene USTB-05-A was found to be active in cleaving the target peptide bond between 3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyl-deca-4,6-dienoic acid(Adda) and arginine of MC-LR,and converting cyclic MC-LR to linear MC-LR as a first product that is much less toxic than parent MC-LR,which offered direct evidence for the first step on the pathway of MC-LR biodegradation by Sphingopyxis sp.USTB-05. | Hai Yan Huasheng Wang Junfeng Wang Chunhua Yin Song Max Xiaolu Liu Xueyao Yin | 2012 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2012，24，10： | 6 |
| 20 | Isolation of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone and Its Receptor Genes from Scatophagus argus and Their Expression Analyses显示文摘The teleost Scatophagus argus is a species whose females grows faster than males.Growth hormone(gh)mRNA abundance in females pituitary is higher than that in males;however the mechanism underlining such differential is still unknown.Growth hormone(GH)is tightly associated with GH-releasing hormone(Ghrh)in vertebrates.In this study,Ghrh gene(ghrh)and its receptor gene,ghrhr,were isolated from S.argus.Tissue expression analysis showed that ghrh and ghrhr were mainly expressed in hypothalamus while ghrhr was expressed in pituitary and gh was predominantly expressed in pituitary.Twenty cultured S.argus individuals were used to compare ghrh,ghrhr and gh mRNA abundances,120 g and 181 g average weight for male(n=11)and female(n=9),respectively.Real-time PCR indicated that the ghrh and ghrhr mRNA abundances in male hypothalamus were significantly higher than those in female hypothalamus while that of gh mRNA abundance was significantly higher in female pituitary than in male pituitary.The ghrh and ghrhr mRNA abundances were significantly up-regulated in female hypothalamus 3 h after injection of 0.1 mg kg^-1 body weight Ghrh while pituitary ghrhr and gh mRNA abundances were not affected.In female hypothalamus,ghrh and ghrhr m RNA abundances were not affected at 6 h post-injection of 4 mg kg^-1 body weight 17α-methyltes-tosterone(17α-MT)or 17β-Estradiol(E2).In female pituitary,ghrhr m RNA abundance was down-regulated by 17α-MT while that of gh m RNA abundance was up-regulated by E2.Our findings indicated that E2,rather than Ghrh,plays an important role in up-regulating the expression of gh in female S.argus,which should aid to understand the sexual dimorphism of teleost growth. | JIANG Dongneng SHI Hongjuan LIU Qianqing WANG Tuo HUANG Yuanqing HUANG Yang DENG Siping CHEN Huapu TIAN Changxu ZHU Chunhua LI Guangli | 2019 | Journal of Ocean University of China2019，18，6： | 6 |
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