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| 1 | Intravenous injection of mesenchymal stem cells is effective in treating liver fibrosis显示文摘AIM: To compare the influence of different transplant sites in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy for liver fibrosis. METHODS: MSCs isolated from Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were induced into hepatocyte-like cells. Liver fibrosis in SD rats was induced with carbon tetrachloride. Following hepatocyte induction in vitro, 4',6-diamidino- 2-phenylindole (DAPI)-labeled MSCs were transplanted by intravenous, intrahepatic, and intraperitoneal injection. Histopathological staining, immunohistochemistry, and biochemical analysis were used to compare the morphological and functional liver regeneration among different MSC injection modalities. The expression differences of interleukins, growth factor, extracellular matrix, matrix metalloproteinases, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase were examined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) andenzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Four days after exposure to hepatocyte differentiation medium, MSCs that did not express hepatocyte markers could express α-fetoprotein, albumin, and cytokeratin 18. The results of histopathological staining, immunohistochemistry, and biochemical analysis indicated that intravenous injection is more effective at rescuing liver failure than other injection modalities. DAPI-labeled cells were found around liver lobules in all three injection site groups, but the intravenous group had the highest number of cells. PCR and ELISA analysis indicated that interleukin-10 (IL-10) was highest in the intravenous group, whereas il1β, il6, tnfα and tgfβ, which can be regulated by IL10 and are promoters of liver fibrosis, were significantly lower than in the other groups. CONCLUSION: MSC administration is able to protect against liver fibrosis. Intravenous injection is the most favorable treatment modality through promotion of IL10 expression. | Wei Zhao Jun-Jie Li Da-Yong Cao Xiao Li Lin-Ying Zhang Yong He Shu-Qiang Yue De-Sheng Wang Ke-Feng Dou | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，10： | 32 |
| 2 | Humoral immune response to circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants elicited by inactivated and RBD-subunit vaccines显示文摘SARS-CoV-2 variants could induce immune escape by mutations on the receptor-binding domain(RBD)and N-terminal domain(NTD).Here we report the humoral immune response to circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants,such as 501Y.V2(B.1.351),of the plasma and neutralizing antibodies(NAbs)elicited by CoronaVac(inactivated vaccine),ZF2001(RBD-subunit vaccine)and natural infection.Among 86 potent NAbs identified by high-throughput single-cell VDJ sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from vaccinees and convalescents,near half anti-RBD NAbs showed major neutralization reductions against the K417N/E484K/N501Y mutation combination,with E484K being the dominant cause.VH3-53/VH3-66 recurrent antibodies respond differently to RBD variants,and K417N compromises the majority of neutralizing activity through reduced polar contacts with complementarity determining regions.In contrast,the 242–244 deletion(242–244Δ)would abolish most neutralization activity of anti-NTD NAbs by interrupting the conformation of NTD antigenic supersite,indicating a much less diversity of anti-NTD NAbs than anti-RBD NAbs.Plasma of convalescents and CoronaVac vaccinees displayed comparable neutralization reductions against pseudo-and authentic 501Y.V2 variants,mainly caused by E484K/N501Y and 242–244Δ,with the effects being additive.Importantly,RBD-subunit vaccinees exhibit markedly higher tolerance to 501Y.V2 than convalescents,since the elicited anti-RBD NAbs display a high diversity and are unaffected by NTD mutations.Moreover,an extended gap between the third and second doses of ZF2001 leads to better neutralizing activity and tolerance to 501Y.V2 than the standard three-dose administration.Together,these results suggest that the deployment of RBD-vaccines,through a third-dose boost,may be ideal for combating SARS-CoV-2 variants when necessary,especially for those carrying mutations that disrupt the NTD supersite. | Yunlong Cao Ayijiang Yisimayi Yali Bai Weijin Huang Xiaofeng Li Zhiying Zhang Tianjiao Yuan Ran An Jing Wang Tianhe Xiao Shuo Du Wenping Ma Liyang Song Yongzheng Li Xiang Li Weiliang Song Jiajing Wu Shuo Liu Xuemei Li Yonghong Zhang Bin Su Xianghua Guo Yangyang Wei Chuanping Gao Nana Zhang Yifei Zhang Yang Dou Xiaoyu Xu Rui Shi Bai Lu Ronghua Jin Yingmin Ma Chengfeng Qin Youchun Wang Yingmei Feng Junyu Xiao Xiaoliang Sunney Xie | 2021 | Cell Research2021，31，7： | 12 |
| 3 | Piglets cloned from induced pluripotent stem cells显示文摘 | Nana Fan Jijun Chen Zhouchun Shang Hongwei Dou Guangzhen Ji Qingjian Zou Lu Wu Lixiazi He Fang Wang Kai Liu Na Liu Jianyong Han Qi Zhou Dengke Pan Dongshan Yang Bentian Zhao Zhen Ouyang Zhaoming Liu Yu Zhao Lin Lin Chongming Zhong Quanlei Wang Shouqi Wang Ying Xu Jing Luan Yu Liang Zhenzhen Yang Jing Li Chunxia Lu Gabor Vajta Ziyi Li Hongsheng Ouyang Huayan Wang Yong Wang Yang Yang Zhonghua Liu Hong Wei Zhidong Luan Miguel A Esteban Hongkui Deng Huanming Yang Duanqing Pei Ning Li Gang Pei Lin Liu Yutao Du Lei Xiao Liangxue Lai | 2013 | Cell Research2013，23，1： | 12 |
| 4 | The resurgent landscape of xenotransplantation of pig organs in nonhuman primates显示文摘Organ shortage is a major bottleneck in allotransplantation and causes many wait-listed patients to die or become too sick for transplantation.Genetically engineered pigs have been discussed as a potential alternative to allogeneic donor organs.Although xenotransplantation of pig-derived organs in nonhuman primates(NHPs)has shown sequential advances in recent years,there are still underlying problems that need to be completely addressed before clinical applications,including(i)acute humoral xenograft rejection;(ii)acute cellular rejection;(iii)dysregulation of coagulation and inflammation;(iv)physiological incompatibility;and(v)cross-species infection.Moreover,various genetic modifications to the pig donor need to be fully characterized,with the aim of identifying the ideal transgene combination for upcoming clinical trials.In addition,suitable pretransplant screening methods need to be confirmed for optimal donor-recipient matching,ensuring a good outcome from xenotransplantation.Herein,we summarize the understanding of organ xenotransplantation in pigs-to-NHPs and highlight the current status and recent progress in extending the survival time of pig xenografts and recipients.We also discuss practical strategies for overcoming the obstacles to xenotransplantation mentioned above to further advance transplantation of pig organs in the clinic. | Xuan Zhang Quancheng Wang Jingjun Zhao Xiao Li Wei Peng Zhaoxu Yang Zhibin Lin Long Yang Rui Ding Kaishan Tao Kefeng Dou | 2021 | Science China(Life Sciences)2021，64，5： | 10 |
| 5 | Establishing a human pancreatic stem cell line and transplanting induced pancreatic islets to reverse experimental diabetes in rats显示文摘The major obstacle in using pancreatic islet transplantation to cure type I and some type II diabetes is the shortage of the donors. One of ways to overcome such obstacle is to isolate and clone pancreatic stem cells as 'seed cells' and induce their differentiation into functional islets as an abundant trans-plantation source. In this study, a monoclonal human pancreatic stem cell (mhPSC) line was obtained from abortive fetal pancreatic tissues. Pancreatic tissues were taken from abortive fetus by sterile procedures, and digested into single cells and cell clusters with 0.1% type IV collagenase. Cultured in modified glucose-low DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), these single cells and cell clusters adhered to culture dishes, and then primary epidermal-like pancreatic stem cells started to clone. After digesting with 0.25% trypsin and 0.04% EDTA, fibroblasts and other cells were gradually eliminated and epithelioid pancreatic stem cells were gradually purified during generations. Using clone-ring selection, the mhPSCs were obtained. After addition of 10 ng/mL epidermal growth factor (EGF) in cell culture medium, the mhPSCs quickly grew and formed a gravelstone-like monolayer. Continuously proliferated, a mhPSC line, which was derived from a male abortive fetus of 4 months old, has been passed through 50 generations. More than 1×109 mhPSCs were cryo-preserved in liquid nitrogen. Karyotype analysis showed that the chromosome set of the mhPSC line was normal diploid. Immunocytochemistry results demonstrated that the mhPSC line was positive for the pdx1, glucagon, nestin and CK19, and negative for the insulin, CD34, CD44 and CD45 protein expression. RT-PCR revealed further that the mhPSCs expressed transcription factors of the pdx1, glucagon, nestin and CK19. Also, in vitro induced with β-mercaptoethanol, the mhPSCs differentiated into nerve cells that expressed the NF protein. Induced with nicotinamide, the mhPSCs differentiated into functional islet-like clusters, as identified by di-thizone staining, which expressed the transcription factor of the insulin and secreted the insulin and C-peptide. Furthermore, the transplantation of mhPSCs-induced pancreatic islets into the subcapsular region of the kidney in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats could reduce blood glucose levels and prolong the life time. | XIAO Mei AN LiLong YANG XueYi GE Xin QIAO Hai ZHAO Ting MA XiaoFei FAN JingZhuang ZHU MengYang DOU ZhongYing | 2008 | Science China(Life Sciences)2008，51，9： | 9 |
| 6 | Mitosis-specific acetylation tunes Ran effector binding for chromosome segregation显示文摘在房间期间,分割要求忠诚有丝分裂的锭子汇编和染色体分离的基因信息的稳定的传播。运用了 GTPase 戏在有丝分裂的锭子汇编的一个关键角色。然而,在锭子的 Ran-GTP 的一个化学坡度的产生怎么被联合到有丝分裂的 translational 以后修正,从来没被描绘过。这里,我们解决了复杂结构与核苷酸版本因素 Mog1 跑了并且描出一个新奇有丝分裂特定的调整 acetylation 的 Ran-Mog1 相互作用在染色体分离期间。我们的指导结构的功能的分析表明那 Mog1 与 RCC1 竞争为以一种 GTP/GDP-dependent 方式变有约束力。生物化学的描述表明了那 Mog1 固定跑阻止 RCC1 有约束力、随后的 GTP 装载。令人惊讶地,跑了是 TIP60 的真正的底层,并且由 TIP60 的 Lys134 的 acetylation 解放 Mog1 从在有丝分裂期间变有约束力。重要地,这个得到 acetylation 的开关对 RCC1 变有约束力支持 Ran-GTP 的高水平,它为染色体排列是必要的。这些结果建立一以前 TIP60 由调节在提供 Ran-GTP 水平的 homeostatic 控制的规章的机制运用了的 uncharacterized 为在有丝分裂的染色体分离的受动器绑定。 | Xiaoling Bao Heng Liu Xing Liu Ke Ruan Yonshui Zhang Zhiyong Zhang Qi Hu Ying Liu Saima Akram Jiahai Zhang Qingguo Gong Wenwen wang Xiao Yuan Jian-Li Lingli Zhao Zhen Dou Ruijun Tian Xuebiao Yao Jihui Wu Yunyu Shi | 2018 | Journal of Molecular Cell Biology2018，10，1： | 8 |
| 7 | Absorption mechanism of carbon-nanotube paper- titanium dioxide as a multifunctional barrier material for lithium-sulfur batteries显示文摘Lithium-sulfur batteries attract much interest as energy storage devices for their low cost, high specific capacity, and energy density. However, the insulating properties of sulfur and high solubility of lithium polysulfides decrease the utilization of active materials by the battery resulting in poor cycling performance. Herein, we design a multifunctional carbon-nanotube paper/titanium-dioxide barrier which effectively reduces active material loss and suppresses the diffusion of lithium polysulfides to the anode, thereby improving the cycling stability of lithium-sulfur batteries. Using this barrier, an activated carbon/sulfur cathode with 70% sulfur content delivers stable cycling performance and high Coulombic efficiency (-99%) over 250 cycles at a current rate of 0.5 C. The improved electrochemical performance is attributed to the synergistic effects of the carbon nanotube paper and titanium dioxide, involving the physical barrier, chemical adsorption from the binding formation of Ti-S and S-O, and other interactions unique to the titanium dioxide and sulfur species. | Guiyin Xu Jiaren Yuan Xinyong Tao Bing Ding Hui Dou Xiaohong Yan Yang xiao Xiaogang Zhang | 2015 | Nano Research2015，8，9： | 7 |
| 8 | Sources, evolution and impacts of EC and OC in snow on sea ice: a measurement study in Barrow, Alaska显示文摘Based on the field measurements in Barrow, Alaska within the period of April-May 2015, we investigate the sources and variations of elemental carbon(EC) and organic carbon(OC) in the surface layer of snowpack on sea ice, and estimate their effects on the sea ice albedo. Results show that the snow OC in Barrow are from natural sources(e.g. terrestrial higher plants and micro-organisms) mainly, as well as biomass burning(e.g. forest fires and straw combustion) as an important part. Both EC and OC can accumulate at the snow surface with snow melt. The variations in EC and OC and liquid water content in the snow layer are well consistent during the snow-melting period. A higher rate of snow melt implied a more efficient enrichment of EC and OC. In the last phase of snow melt, the concentration increased to a maximum of 16.2 ng/g for EC and 128 ng/g for OC, which is ~10 times larger than those before snow melt onset. Except for the dominant influence of melt amplification mechanism, the variation in concentrations of EC and OC could be disturbed by the air temperature fluctuation and snowfall. Our study indicates that the lightabsorbing impurities contributed 1.6%-5.1% to the reduction in sea ice albedo with melt during the measurement period. The significant period oflight-absorbing impurities influencing on sea ice albedo begins with the rapid melting of overlying snow and ends before the melt ponds formed widely, which lasted for about 10 days in Barrow, 2015. | Tingfeng Dou Cunde Xiao Zhiheng Du J. J. Schauer Hong Ren Baozhu Ge Aihong Xie Jihua Tan Pingqing Fu Yuanxun Zhang | 2017 | Science Bulletin2017，62，22： | 6 |
| 9 | Spinel/Post-spinel engineering on layered oxide cathodes for sodium-ion batteries显示文摘Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have attracted much scientific interest for use in large-scale energy storage systems because sodium is cheaper than lithium.However,the large radius of Na^(+)and barriers to Na^(+)transport result in sluggish kinetics and complicated structural distortion,leading to unsatisfactory rate capability and poor cycling stability.It therefore is essential to develop an electrode with enhanced kinetics and a stable structure during cycling to improve SIB performance.Among the various layered oxide cathodes,those with a spinel-like structure could play an important role in boosting electron transport because of their excellent intrinsic conductivity,including by coordinating with Na^(+)insertion/extraction.Moreover,thanks to the inherent high stability of the spinel-like phase,it could function as a stabilizer for host cathode structures.This review summarizes recent advances in spinel engineering on layered oxide cathodes to boost Na^(+)transport kinetics and provide structural stability to achieve high-performance SIBs,focusing particularly on post-spinel structures,layered oxide integrated spinel-like structures,and spinel transitions.The insights proposed in this review will be useful for guiding rational structural engineering and design to drive the development of new materials and chemistries in Na-based electrode materials. | Yan-Fang Zhu Yao Xiao Shi-Xue Dou Yong-Mook Kang Shu-Lei Chou | 2021 | eScience2021，1，1： | 6 |
| 10 | An overview of black carbon deposition and its radiative forcing over the Arctic显示文摘This paper gives an overview of the current understanding of the observations of black carbon(BC) in snow and ice, and the estimates of BC deposition and its radiative forcing over the Arctic. Both of the observations and model results show that, in spring, the average BC concentration and the resulting radiative forcing in Russian Arctic > Canadian and Alaskan Arctic > Arctic Ocean and Greenland. The observed BC concentration presented a signi?cant decrease trend from the Arctic coastal regions to the center of Arctic Ocean. In summer, due to the combined effects of BC accumulation and enlarged snow grain size, the averaged radiative forcing per unit area over the Arctic Ocean is larger than that over each sector of the Arctic in spring. However, because summer sea ice is always covered by a large fraction of melt ponds, the role of BC in sea ice albedo evolution during this period is secondary. Multi-model mean results indicate that the annual mean radiative forcing from all sources of BC in snow and ice over the Arctic was ~0.17 W m^(-2). Wet deposition is the dominant removal mechanism in the Arctic, which accounts for more than 90% of the total deposition. In the last part, we discuss the uncertainties in present modeling studies, and suggest potential approaches to reduce the uncertainties. | DOU Ting-Feng XIAO Cun-De | 2016 | Advances in Climate Change Research2016，7，3： | 5 |
| 11 | Progress in osteoarthritis research by the National Natural Science Foundation of China显示文摘Osteoarthritis(OA) in China is gradually becoming an important scientific research area that has had a significant impact on research and development(R&D) activities in the OA field worldwide. This article summarizes the R&D progress related to OA in China in recent years. The National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC) is a national funding institution for basic research and plays a critical role in promoting and supporting Chinese scholars’ R&D activities. We collected and analyzed information on NSFC funding in the field of OA from 2010 to 2019, including the amount, the level and the program categories of the funded projects. The data fully demonstrate the important and positive role of the NSFC in supporting free exploration, cultivating research teams and young talent, and boosting OA R&D. In this article, we outline and discuss hot topics in focused areas, key advances in this field and the prospects for progress in OA research in China. | Yusheng Li Wenqing Xie Wenfeng Xiao Dou Dou | 2022 | Bone Research2022，10，3： | 5 |
| 12 | Changes in the Proportion of Precipitation Occurring as Rain in Northern Canada during Spring–Summer from 1979–2015显示文摘Changes in the form of precipitation have a considerable impact on the Arctic cryosphere and ecological system by influencing the energy balance and surface runoff. In this study, station observations and ERA-Interim data were used to analyze changes in the rainfall to precipitation ratio(RPR) in northern Canada during the spring–summer season(March–July)from 1979–2015. Our results indicate that ERA-Interim describes the spring–summer variations and trends in temperature and the RPR well. Both the spring–summer mean temperature [0.4℃–1℃(10 yr)^(-1)] and the RPR [2%–6%(10 yr)^(-1)] increased significantly in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago from 1979–2015. Moreover, we suggest that, aside from the contribution of climate warming, the North Atlantic Oscillation is probably another key factor influencing temporal and spatial differences in the RPR over northern Canada. | Wei HAN Cunde XIAO Tingfeng DOU Minghu DING | 2018 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2018，35，9： | 5 |
| 13 | miR-124/IRE-1α affects renal ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress in renal tubular epithelial cells显示文摘Acute kidney injury(AKI)refers to a clinical syndrome that occurs as a result of a rapid decline in renal function caused by multiple factors.Renal ischemia/reperfusion(/R)injury is one of the main causes of AKI and has a high incidence and mortality,However,the specific pathogenesis of renal I/R injury is still unclear.In recent years,a major breakthrough has been made in the study of endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)-mediated apoptosis in I/R injury.It has been reported that miRNAs play protective roles in ischemic/reperfused organs,but the molecular mechanisms have not been investigated deeply.In this study,the renal VR mouse model was used to explore the roles of miR-124 in ERS and in renal I/R injury.The western blot results showed that the expression levels of ERS-related proteins IRE-1α,XBP-1,and glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78)were significantly increased in the IVR model group when compared with those in the control group.Meanwhile,qPCR results showed that miR-124 expression was decreased in the I/R injury model,and overexpression of miR-124 using miR-124 mimics effectively reduced the expression of ERS-related proteins and alleviated renal LR injury.In addition,luciferase reporter assay was performed,and the results showed that IRE 1αand miR-124 may have direct interaction.In conclusion,our data indicated that miR-124 was a negative regulator of ERS via binding to IRE-1α,ultimately conferring its protective effect on the kidney,which demonstrates the regulatory mechanism of miR-124 in renal I/R injury and provides new ideas and methods for the prevention and treatment of renal I/R injury. | Chenguang Ding Meng Dou Yuxiang Wang Yang Li Ying Wang Jin Zheng Xiao Li Wujun Xue Xiaoming Ding Puxun Tian | 2020 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2020，52，2： | 4 |
| 14 | The landscape of aging显示文摘Aging is characterized by a progressive deterioration of physiological integrity,leading to impaired functional ability and ultimately increased susceptibility to death.It is a major risk factor for chronic human diseases,including cardiovascular disease,diabetes,neurological degeneration,and cancer.Therefore,the growing emphasis on “healthy aging” raises a series of important questions in life and social sciences.In recent years,there has been unprecedented progress in aging research,particularly the discovery that the rate of aging is at least partly controlled by evolutionarily conserved genetic pathways and biological processes.In an attempt to bring full-fledged understanding to both the aging process and age-associated diseases,we review the descriptive,conceptual,and interventive aspects of the landscape of aging composed of a number of layers at the cellular,tissue,organ,organ system,and organismal levels. | Yusheng Cai Wei Song Jiaming Li Ying Jing Chuqian Liang Liyuan Zhang Xia Zhang Wenhui Zhang Beibei Liu Yongpan An Jingyi Li Baixue Tang Siyu Pei Xueying Wu Yuxuan Liu Cheng-Le Zhuang Yilin Ying Xuefeng Dou Yu Chen Fu-Hui Xiao Dingfeng Li Ruici Yang Ya Zhao Yang Wang Lihui Wang Yujing Li Shuai Ma Si Wang Xiaoyuan Song Jie Ren Liang Zhang Jun Wang Weiqi Zhang Zhengwei Xie Jing Qu Jianwei Wang Yichuan Xiao Ye Tian Gelin Wang Ping Hu Jing Ye Yu Sun Zhiyong Mao Qing-Peng Kong Qiang Liu Weiguo Zou Xiao-Li Tian Zhi-Xiong Xiao Yong Liu Jun-Ping Liu Moshi Song Jing-Dong J.Han Guang-Hui Liu | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022，65，12： | 4 |
| 15 | Estimating the Health and Economic Outcomes of the Prevention of Mother-to-child Transmission of HIV Using a Decision Tree Model显示文摘In 2016, there were 17.8 million (15.4-20.3 million) women living with HIV/AIDS across the world and the prevalence of reproductive desire among this group was 26%-49%[1]. If pregnant women living with HIV/AIDS are left untreated, the rates of HIV transmission from mother-to-child would range from 14% to 48%, depending on the presence and duration of breastfeeding[2]. | QU Shui Ling WANG Ai Ling PAN Xiao Ping WANG Qian DOU Li Xia ZHANG Tong | 2019 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2019，32，1： | 4 |
| 16 | Two new compounds from Zingiber officinale显示文摘新周期的 diarylheptanoid, 1,5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-1-(3-methoxy-4,5-dihydroxyphenyl )-7-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-heptane (1 ) ,以及新单音的萜烯, 10-O- β - d-glucopyranosyl-hydroxy cineole (2 ) 从姜 officinale 的根茎被孤立。混合物的结构 1 和 2 被建立基于他们的光谱数据。另外,这些混合物的抗氧化剂活动也被测量。 | Yu Zhao Qiao Feng Tao Rong Ping Zhang Chang Xin Zhou Hui Dou Shu Yun Shi Ye Cheng Xiao Lian Li Sun Su Zeng Ke Xin Huang Xiao Dong Zhang Xiao Kun Li | 2007 | Chinese Chemical Letters2007，18，10： | 4 |
| 17 | Reconstruction of autumn sea ice extent changes since AD1289 in the Barents-Kara Sea, Arctic显示文摘Using high-resolution ice core and tree ring proxies for sea ice extent(SIE), we reconstructed a robust time series of autumn SIE over the Barents-Kara(B-K) sector of the Arctic from AD1289–1993. After intercomparing the results and statistical parameters using the ordinary least squares regression(OLSR), the principle component regression(PCR) and the partial least squares regression(PLSR) methods, SIE time series were synthesized into a more robust series using the weighted average method, which used the explained variances as weights. The results showed that from the end of the 13 th century to the end of18 th century, the autumn B-K SIE was large, with large variations and a slightly expanding trend overall. This reflected significant multidecadal oscillations under the Little Ice Age(LIA) background. The B-K SIE began to decrease at the end of the18 th century, and a shrinking trend became significant during the second half of the 19 th century, which lasted into the 1930 s–1940 s. The 1930 s–1940 s was a period with a relatively low SIE in the B-K Sea, and the SIE had a short period of expansion from the 1940 s–1970 s. However, the B-K SIE has continuously and significantly shrank since the 1970 s. The reduction in the B-K SIE since the end of the 18 th century has been unprecedented in both duration and speed over the last 700 years. The B-K SIE has retreated significantly since the 1970 s, with a speed 6.18 times greater than the former mean retreating speed. The industrial revolution may be a dominant factor in this result. The Arctic SIE in recent years may be the lowest it has been over the last millennium. | Qi ZHANG Cunde XIAO Minghu DING Tingfeng DOU | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，9： | 4 |
| 18 | Measurements of physical characteristics of summer snow cover on sea ice during the Third Chinese Arctic Expedition显示文摘The spatial distribution of snow cover on the central Arctic sea ice is investigated here based on the observations made during the Third Chinese Arctic Expedition. Six types of snow were observed during the expedition: new/recent snow, melt-freeze crust, icy layer, depth hoar, coarse-grained, and chains of depth hoar. Across most measurement areas, the snow surface was covered by a melt-freeze crust 2-3 cm thick, which was produced by alternate strong solar radiation and the sharp temperature decrease over the summer Arctic Ocean. There was an intermittent layer of snow and ice at the base of the snow pack. The mean bulk density of the snow was 304.01±29.00 kg/m3 along the expedition line, and the surface values were generally smaller than those of the subsurface, confirming the principle of snow densification. In addition, the thicknesses and water equivalents of the new/recent and total-layer snow showed a decreasing trend with latitude, suggesting that the amount of snow cover and its spatial variations were mainly determined by precipitation. Snow temperature also presented significant variations in the vertical profile, and ablation and evaporation were not the primary factors in the snow assessment in late summer. The mean temperature of the surface snow was 2.01±0.96°C, which was much higher than that observed in theinterface of snow and sea ice. | TingFeng Dou CunDe Xiao | 2013 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2013，5，3： | 3 |
| 19 | Conophylline Promotes the Proliferation of Immortalized Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Fetal Porcine Pancreas (iPMSCs)显示文摘Conophylline, is a bis (indole) alkaloid consisting of two pentacyclic aspidosperma skeletons, isolated from Tabernaemontana divaricata, which has been found to induce β-cell differentiation in rat pancreatic acinar carcinoma cells and in cultured rat pancreatic tissue. However, the precise role of conophylline in the growth and survival of immortalized pancreatic mesenchymal stem cells (iPMSCs) derived from fetal porcine pancreas were not understood at present. To determine whether this molecule is involved in controlling the proliferation of iPMSCs, we examined the effects of conophylline on iPMSCs. We found that conophylline can robustly stimulate iPMSCs proliferation, even promote their potential differentiation into islet-like clusters analyzed by cell counting, morphology, RT-PCR and real-time PCR, Western blotting, glucose-stimulated insulin release and insulin content analysis. The effects of conophylline were inhibited by LY294002, which is the inhibitor of the PI3K pathway. These results suggest that conophylline plays a key role in the regulation of cell mass proliferation, maintenance of the undifferentiated state of iPMSCs and also promotes iPMSCs differentiated into insulin-producing cells. | ZHANG Hui-ru LI Dan CAO Hui Lü Xiao CHU Yuan-kui BAI Yao-fu JIN Ya-ping PENG Sha DOU Zhong-ying HUA Jin-lian | 2013 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2013，12，4： | 3 |
| 20 | Three new diarylheptanoids and their antioxidant property显示文摘三新 diarylheptanoids,即,钠(5S,2E )-1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-hydroxy-2-hepten-5-sulfonate (1 ) ,钠(5R,2E )-1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-hydroxy-2-hepten-5-sulfonate (2 ) 和 3,5-diacetoxy-1-(3-methoxy-4,5-dihydroxyphenyl )-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)heptane (3 ) 从姜 officinale 的根茎被孤立。新混合物的结构根据分光镜的方法被阐明。3 的抗氧化剂活动在包含 DPPH 自由激进分子和超级氧化物阴离子激进分子的 vitro 模型旁边是 assayed。 | Chang Xin Zhou Xiang Yi Zhang Xiao Wu Dong Qiao Feng Tao Hui Dou Rong Ping Zhang Ke Xin Huang Xiao Kun Li Chang Xiang Chen Su Zeng Yu Zhao | 2007 | Chinese Chemical Letters2007，18，10： | 2 |
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