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| 1 | Identification Standard for ENSO Events and Its Application to Climate Monitoring and Prediction in China显示文摘The El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO)reflects anomalous variations in the sea surface temperature(SST)and atmospheric circulation over the tropical central–eastern Pacific.It remarkably impacts on weather and climate worldwide,so monitoring and prediction of ENSO draw intensive research.However,there is not yet a unique standard internationally for identifying the timing,intensity,and type of ENSO events.The National Climate Center of China Meteorological Administration(NCC/CMA)has led the effort to establish a national identification standard of ENSO events,which was officially endorsed by the National Standardization Administration of China and implemented operationally in NCC/CMA in 2017.In this paper,two key aspects of this standard are introduced.First,the Ni?o3.4 SST anomaly index,which is well-recognized in the international ENSO research community and used operationally in the US,has replaced the previous Ni?o Z index and been used to identify the start,end,and peak times,and intensity of ENSO events.Second,two new indices—the eastern Pacific ENSO(EP)index and the central Pacific ENSO(CP)index,based on the SST conditions in Ni?o3 and Ni?o4 region respectively,are calculated to first determine the ENSO type before monitoring and assessing the impacts of ENSO on China’s climate.With this standard,all historical ENSO events since 1950 are consistently re-identified;their distinct properties are diagnosed and presented;and the impacts of ENSO events under different types on China’s climate are re-assessed.This standard is also employed to validate the intensity,grade,and type of the ENSO events predicted by the NCC/CMA operational ENSO prediction system.The new standard and the thus derived unified set of re-analyzed historical ENSO events and associated information provide a good reference for better monitoring and prediction of future ENSO events. | Hong-Li REN Bo LU Jianghua WAN Ben TIAN Peiqun ZHANG | 2018 | Journal of Meteorological Research2018，32，6： | 16 |
| 2 | The China Multi-Model Ensemble Prediction System and Its Application to Flood-Season Prediction in 2018显示文摘Multi-model ensemble prediction is an effective approach for improving the prediction skill short-term climate prediction and evaluating related uncertainties. Based on a combination of localized operation outputs of Chinese climate models and imported forecast data of some international operational models, the National Climate Center of the China Meteorological Administration has established the China multi-model ensemble prediction system version 1.0 (CMMEv1.0) for monthly-seasonal prediction of primary climate variability modes and climate elements. We verified the real-time forecasts of CMMEv1.0 for the 2018 flood season (June-August) starting from March 2018 and evaluated the 1991-2016 hindcasts of CMMEv1.0. The results show that CMMEv1.0 has a significantly high prediction skill for global sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, especially for the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the tropical central-eastern Pacific. Additionally, its prediction skill for the North Atlantic SST triple (NAST) mode is high, but is relatively low for the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) mode. Moreover, CMMEv1.0 has high skills in predicting the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) and East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) in the June-July-August (JJA) season. The JJA air temperature in the CMMEv1.0 is predicted with a fairly high skill in most regions of China, while the JJA precipitation exhibits some skills only in northwestern and eastern China. For real-time forecasts in March-August 2018, CMMEv1.0 has accurately predicted the ENSO phase transition from cold to neutral in the tropical central-eastern Pacific and captures evolutions of the NAST and IOD indices in general. The system has also captured the main features of the summer WPSH and EASM indices in 2018, except that the predicted EASM is slightly weaker than the observed. Furthermore, CMMEv1.0 has also successfully predicted warmer air temperatures in northern China and captured the primary rainbelt over northern China, except that it predicted much more precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River than observation. | Hong-Li REN Yujie WU Qing BAO Jiehua MA Changzheng LIU Jianghua WAN Qiaoping LI Xiaofei WU Ying LIU Ben TIAN Joshua-Xiouhua FU Jianqi SUN | 2019 | Journal of Meteorological Research2019，33，3： | 16 |
| 3 | Prediction of Primary Climate Variability Modes at the Beijing Climate Center显示文摘Climate variability modes, usually known as primary climate phenomena, are well recognized as the most important predictability sources in subseasonal–interannual climate prediction. This paper begins by reviewing the research and development carried out, and the recent progress made, at the Beijing Climate Center(BCC) in predicting some primary climate variability modes. These include the El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO), Madden–Julian Oscillation(MJO), and Arctic Oscillation(AO), on global scales, as well as the sea surface temperature(SST) modes in the Indian Ocean and North Atlantic, western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH), and the East Asian winter and summer monsoons(EAWM and EASM, respectively), on regional scales. Based on its latest climate and statistical models, the BCC has established a climate phenomenon prediction system(CPPS) and completed a hindcast experiment for the period 1991–2014. The performance of the CPPS in predicting such climate variability modes is systematically evaluated. The results show that skillful predictions have been made for ENSO, MJO, the Indian Ocean basin mode, the WPSH, and partly for the EASM, whereas less skillful predictions were made for the Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD) and North Atlantic SST Tripole, and no clear skill at all for the AO, subtropical IOD, and EAWM. Improvements in the prediction of these climate variability modes with low skill need to be achieved by improving the BCC's climate models, developing physically based statistical models as well as correction methods for model predictions.Some of the monitoring/prediction products of the BCC-CPPS are also introduced in this paper. | Hong-Li REN Fei-Fei JIN Lianchun SONG Bo LU Ben TIAN Jinqing ZUO Ying LIU Jie WU Chongbo ZHAO Yu NIE Peiqun ZHANG Jin BA Yujie WU Jianghua WAN Yuping YAN Fang ZHOU | 2017 | Journal of Meteorological Research2017，31，1： | 13 |
| 4 | Identification of transporter proteins for PQQ-secretion pathways by transcriptomics and proteomics analysis in Gluconobacter oxydans WSH-003显示文摘Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ ) 在细菌与脱氢酶在联合作为一个氧化还原作用余因子起一个重要作用。这些脱氢酶为生物工学工业在重要底层的氧化起关键作用,例如维生素 C 生产。当 PQQ 基因的生合成广泛地被学习了时, PQQ 运输机制仍然保持不清楚。此处,我们使用了定序在 Gluconobacter oxydans WSH-003 的工业紧张调查 pqqB overexpression 的效果的两二维的荧光差别胶化电气泳动双人脚踏车团 spectrometry 和 RNA。我们鉴别了 73 差别表示了蛋白质, 99 差别表示了基因,其一个多数与氧化减小有关并且由基因本体论分析搬运过程。我们也描述了对源于 pqqB overexpression 的增加的 PQQ 层次作出回应的几个通常认为的候选人受动器。而且,量的 PCR 被用来在生产紧张的不同 PQQ 之中验证五通常认为的 PQQ 运输基因,并且结果证明 ompW, B932_1930 和 B932_2186 是处于所有条件的 upregulated。当时,三基因在 G 是过去表示的。oxydans WSH-003 和 PQQ 生产被检测。结果显示出 B932_1930 (transporter ) 的那细胞外的 PQQ, overexpression 拉紧的 B932_2186 (ABC transporter permease ) 被 1.77 褶层和 1.67 褶层分别地提高。结果建议 PqqB, B932_1930 和 B932_2186 编码的蛋白质可能提高 PQQ 分泌物过程。 | Hui Wan Yu Xia Jianghua Li Zhen Kang Jingwen Zhou | 2017 | Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering2017，11，1： | 3 |
| 5 | Enzymatic Synthesis of Sialyl Lactosamine Grafted Chitooligosaccharides显示文摘An efficient enzymatic assembly strategy was developed for the concise synthesis of structurally well-defined sialylated chitooligosaccharides.Two enzyme modules for theβ-1,3-N-acetyl-glucosaminylation andβ-1,4-galactosylation were applied for the grafting N-acetyl lactosamine(LacNAc)unit(s)onto the chitooligosaccharides.The LacNAc grafted chitooligosaccharides were further modified withα-2,3-orα-2,6-sialylation by two enzymatic sialylation modules to generate a total of 20 sialylated chitooligosaccharides.The inhibition study of influenza virus-induced cytopathy with synthetic sialylated chitooligosaccharides indicated that the sialic acid linkage and chain length both contribute to the binding preference and inhibition potency. | Jun Yan Jianghua Li Zhifei Hu Xiaoyao Ma Yun Li Xihuan Hu Jinfeng Ye Wei Wang Renzhong Wan Hongzhi Cao | 2023 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry2023，41，11： | 1 |
| 6 | Relationship Between the Strengthening Effect and the Morphology of Precipitates in Al–7.4Zn–1.7Mg–2.0Cu Alloy显示文摘The morphological evolution of the precipitates in Al–7.4Zn–1.7Mg–2.0Cu(wt%) alloy was studied by highresolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM). Statistics reveal that the hardness of the alloy changes accordingly with the change of the average thickness–diameter ratio of precipitates. The GPII zones are mainly responsible for the first and also the highest hardness peak. They grow in diameter and keep 7-atomic-layer in thickness. Once the thickness changes, the phase transformation from GPII zone to g0 or g-precursor would occur. The resultant metastable g0 and g-precursor precipitates grow in both diameter and thickness, but much faster in the former. After the first hardness peak,the metastable g0 precipitates and g-precursor, coexisting with part of GPII zones, are counted as the main hardening precipitates. | Xiubo Yang Jizi Liu Jianghua Chen Caiyun Wan Lei Fang Ping Liu Cuilan Wu | 2014 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2014，27，6： | 0 |
| 7 | Representation of the ENSO Combination Mode and its Asymmetric SST Response in Different Resolutions of HadGEM3显示文摘Previous studies have revealed a combination mode(C-mode) occurring in the Indo-Pacific region,arising from nonlinear interactions between ENSO and the western Pacific warm pool annual cycle.This paper evaluates the simulation of this C-mode and its asymmetric SST response in Had GEM3 and its resolution sensitivity using three sets of simulations at horizontal resolutions of N96,N216 and N512.The results show that Had GEM3 can capture well the spatial pattern of the C-mode associated surface wind anomalies,as well as the asymmetric response of SST in the tropical Pacific,but it strongly overestimates the explained variability of the C-mode compared to the ENSO mode.The model with the three resolutions is able to reproduce the distinct spectral peaks of the C-mode at the near annual combination frequencies,but the performance in simulating the longer periods is not satisfactory,presumably due to the unrealistic simulation of the ENSO mode.Increasing the horizontal resolution can improve the consistency between atmospheric and oceanic representations of the C-mode,but not necessarily enhance the accuracy of C-mode simulation compared with observation. | Jianghua WAN Hongli REN Peili WU | 2018 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2018，35，8： | 0 |
| 8 | Cross-linked polyelectrolyte reinforced SnO_(2)electron transport layer for robust flexible perovskite solar cells显示文摘SnO_(2)electron transport layer(ETL)is a vital component in perovskite solar cells(PSCs),due to its excellent photoelectric properties and facile fabrication process.In this study,we synthesized a water-soluble and adhesive polyelectrolyte with ethanolamine(EA)and poly-acrylic acid(PAA).The linear PAA was crosslinked by EA,forming a 3D network that stabilized the SnO_(2)nanoparticle dispersion.An organic–inorganic hybrid ETL is developed by introducing the cross-linked PAA-EA into SnO_(2)ETL,which prevents nano particle agglomeration and facilitates uniform SnO_(2)film formation with fewer defects.Additionally,the PAA-EA-modified SnO_(2)facilitated a uniform and compact perovskite film,enhancing the interface contact and carrier transport.Consequently,the PAA-EA-modified PSCs exhibited excellent PCE of 24.34%and 22.88%with high reproducibility for areas of 0.045 and 1.00 cm~2,respectively.Notably,owing to structure reinforce effect of PAA-EA in SnO_(2)ETL,flexible device demonstrated an impressive PCE of 23.34%while maintaining 90.1%of the initial PCE after 10,000 bending cycles with a bending radius of 5 mm.This successful approach of polyelectrolyte reinforced hybrid organic–inorganic ETL displays great potential for flexible,large-area PSCs application. | Zhihao Li Zhi Wan Chunmei Jia Meng Zhang Meihe Zhang Jiayi Xue Jianghua Shen Can Li Chao Zhang Zhen Li | 2023 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2023，，10： | 0 |
| 9 | Functionalization of in vivo tissue-engineered living biotubes enhance patency and endothelization without the requirement of systemic anticoagulant administration显示文摘Vascular regeneration and patency maintenance,without anticoagulant administration,represent key developmental trends to enhance small-diameter vascular grafts(SDVG)performance.In vivo engineered autologous biotubes have emerged as SDVG candidates with pro-regenerative properties.However,mechanical failure coupled with thrombus formation hinder translational prospects of biotubes as SDVGs.Previously fabricated poly(ε-caprolactone)skeleton-reinforced biotubes(PBs)circumvented mechanical issues and achieved vascular regeneration,but orally administered anticoagulants were required.Here,highly efficient and biocompatible functional modifications were introduced to living cells on PB lumens.The 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-methoxy(DMPE)-PEG-conjugated anti-coagulant bivalirudin(DPB)and DMPE-PEG-conjugated endothelial progenitor cell(EPC)-binding TPS-peptide(DPT)modifications possessed functionality conducive to promoting vascular graft patency.Co-modification of DPB and DPT swiftly attained luminal saturation without influencing cell viability.DPB repellent of non-specific proteins,DPB inhibition of thrombus formation,and DPB protection against functional masking of DPT’s EPC-capture by blood components,which promoted patency and rapid endothelialization in rat and canine artery implantation models without anticoagulant administration.This strategy offers a safe,facile,and fast technical approach to convey additional functionalization to living cells within tissue-engineered constructs. | Hongyu Yan Quhan Cheng Jianghua Si Songdi Wang Ye Wan Xin Kong Ting Wang Wenting Zheng Muhammad Rafique Xiaofeng Li Ju He Adam C.Midgley Yi Zhu Kai Wang | 2023 | Bioactive Materials2023，，8： | 0 |
| 10 | Divergent Branch Threads Compaction for Efficient SIMD Control Flow显示文摘Wide Single instruction multiple data(SIMD) architectures are very important in the computeintensive applications. The SIMD execution model is inefficient when it suffers from the divergent control flow.The divergent execution paths across loop iterations take place sequentially on SIMD, which defeats part of the efficiency advantage of SIMD execution. This paper proposes a mechanism to compact the divergent branch threads to mitigate the impact of branch thread divergence on SIMD architectures. It relaxes the SIMD execution model by allowing the distinct instruction flows to be scheduled independently, instead of one single instruction flow. It increases flexibility and mitigates the synchronization cost of co-issuing instructions from different divergent branch threads by giving the Vector processing elements(VPEs)the ability to direct their own control flow. The proposed divergent branch threads compaction mechanism improves performance by 2.56 x over traditional SIMD architecture for a wide variety of general purpose parallel applications while the area overhead only increases 6.48%. | YANG Hui CHEN Shuming WAN Jianghua XU Xiaolu | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Electronics2015，24，2： | 0 |
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