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| 1 | Chemical characteristics of PM_(2.5) during dust storms and air pollution events in Chengdu,China显示文摘每天好的微粒(PM2.5 ) 样品从 2009 年 4 月在 Chengdu 被收集到 2010 年 2 月在灰尘暴风雨(决策支持系统) 和污染事件的几种类型期间调查他们的化学侧面,包括薄雾(HD ) ,燃烧的生物资源(BB ) ,和焰火显示(FD ) 。最高的 PM2.5 集体集中在决策支持系统(283.3 g/m3 ) 期间被发现,列在后面由 FD (212.7 g/m3 ) , HD (187.3 g/m3 ) ,和 BB (130.1 g/m3 ) 。大多数元素的集中在决策支持系统和污染事件期间被提高,除了 BB。第二等的无机的离子(NO3, SO42,和 NH4+) 在 HD 期间被充实,当从 BB 的 PM2.5 显示出高 K+ 时但是低 SO42。FD 在 SO42 在 K+ 和丰富引起了增加。Ca2+ 充满 DS 样品。离子平衡计算从 HD 显示了那 PM2.5, FD 比在正常的天更酸,但是 DS 和 BB 粒子是碱的。最高器官的碳(OC ) 集中在 FD 期间是 26.1 g/m3,列在后面由 BB (23.6 g/m3 ) , HD (19.6 g/m3 ) ,和决策支持系统(18.8 g/m3 ) 。相反,元素的碳(EC ) 集中比在 BB (6.2 g/m3 ) 和决策支持系统(6.0 g/m3 ) 期间在 HD (10.6 g/m3 ) 和 FD (9.5 g/m3 ) 期间是更丰富的。最高的 OC/EC 比率在 BB 期间被获得,与在 HD 期间最低。SO42/K+ 和 TCA/SO42 比率证明了是为区分污染事件的有效指示物。集体平衡证明那有机物, SO42,和 NO3 在污染事件期间是主导的化学部件,当土壤灰尘在决策支持系统期间是主导的时。 | Qiyuan Wang Junji Cao Zhenxing Shen JunTao Shun Xiao Lei Luo Qingyang He Xinying Tang | 2013 | Particuology2013，11，1： | 23 |
| 2 | Shear wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle underneath the Tianshan orogenic belt显示文摘From April, 2003 to September, 2004, a passive broadband seismic array consisting of 60 stations was deployed over the Tianshan orogenic belt by State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration. Among them, 51 stations make up an about 500-km-long profile across the Tianshan Mountains from Kuytun to Kuqa. The receiver function profile and S-wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle down to 100 km deep are obtained by using the re-ceiver function method (Liu et al. 1996, 2000). The main results can be summarized as follows: (1) A clear mountain root does not exist beneath the Tianshan Mountains, and the crust-mantle boundaries underneath the stations mostly have transitional structures. This implies that the material differentia-tion between the crust and mantle is not yet accomplished and the orogenic process is still going on. (2) The crust beneath the Tianshan Mountains has laterally blocked structures in direction perpendicular to the mountain strike, and the crust-mantle boundary has a clear dislocation structure. Both of them correspond to each other. (3) The offsets of the Moho discontinuity are highly correlated to the tectonic borders on the surface and that corresponding to the frontal southern Tianshan fault reaches to 14 km. This manifests that large vertical divergent movement took place between different blocks. This sup-ports the discontinuous model of the Tianshan orogeny, and the Tarim block subduction is restricted only to the southern side of the South Tianshan. (4) Inside the upper and middle crust of the Tianshan Mountains exist several low-velocity bodies correlated with high seismicity located on the moun-tain-basin jointures on both sides of the mountain and between different blocks, and the low-velocity bodies on the mountain-basin jointures are inclined obviously to the mountain. This implies that the low-velocity bodies may be correlated closely to the thrust and subduction of the basins on both sides of the mountain, the splicing of adjacent blocks and the fast uplift of the Tianshan Mountains. | LI Yu LIU QiYuan CHEN JiuHui LI ShunCheng GUO Biao LAI YuanGen | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，3： | 16 |
| 3 | Multigene editing via CRISPR/Cas9 guided by a single-sgRNA seed in Arabidopsis显示文摘We report that a solo single-guide RNA(sg RNA) seed is capable of guiding Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPRàassociated 9(CRISRP/Cas_9) to simultaneously edit multiple genes At RPL_(10)A, At RPL_(10)B and At RPL_(10)C in Arabidopsis. Our results also demonstrate that it is possible to use CRISPR/Cas_9 technology to create At RPL_(10) triple mutants which otherwise cannot be generated by conventional genetic crossing. Compared to other conventional multiplex CRISPR/Cas systems, a single sg RNA seed has the advantage of reducing off-target gene-editing. Such a gene editing system might be also applicable to modify other homologous genes, or even less-homologous sequences for multiple gene-editing in plants and other organisms. | Zhiming Yu Qiyuan Chen Weiwei Chen Xian Zhang Fengling Mei Pengcheng Zhang Mei Zhao Xiaohong Wang Nongnong Shi Stephen Jackson Yiguo Hong | 2018 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2018，60，5： | 10 |
| 4 | Vast laminated diatom mat deposits from the west low-latitude Pacific Ocean in the last glacial period显示文摘Diatoms are one of the predominant contributors to global carbon fixation by accounting for over 40% of total oceanic primary production and dominate export production. They play a significant role in marine biogeochemistry cycle. The diatom mat deposits are results of vast diatoms bloom. By analysis of diatom mats in 136°00′―140°00′E,15°00′―21°00′N, Eastern Philippines Sea, we identified the species of the diatoms as giant Ethmodiscus rex (Wallich) Hendey. AMS 14C dating shows that the sediments rich in diatom mats occurred during 16000―28600 a B.P., which means the bloom mainly occurred during the last glacial period, while there are no diatom mat deposits in other layers. Preliminary analysis indicates that Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) expanded northward and brought silicate-rich water into the area, namely, silicon leakage processes caused the bloom of diatoms. In addition, the increase of iron input is one of the main reasons for the diatom bloom. | ZHAI Bin LI TieGang CHANG FengMing CAO QiYuan | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，23： | 9 |
| 5 | Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Mn_(3)O_(4) Nanocrystals and Their Catalysis of the Degradation of Methylene Blue显示文摘Various sizes and shapes of Mn_(3)O_(4) nanocrystals have been prepared in a one-pot synthesis in extremely dilute solution by soft template self-assembly. To better control size and shape, the effects of varying the growth time, reaction temperature, surfactant, and manganese source were examined. The average size of octahedral Mn_(3)O_(4) crystallites was found to be related to the reaction time, while higher reaction temperature (150 °C) and the use of a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide/poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (CTAB/PVP) mixture allowed construction of a better-defined octahedral morphologies. When PVP or poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) (P123) was used as template, large-scale agglomeration resulting in loss of the octahedral morphology occurred and crystallites with a quasi-spherical shape were obtained. The nano-octahedral crystallites were shown to be an efficient catalyst for the oxidation of methylene blue. | Pengqu Zhang Yonggong Zhan Bingxin Cai Chenchun Hao Jun Wang Chunxiao Liu Zhoujun Meng Zhoulan Yin Qiyuan Chen | 2010 | Nano Research2010，3，4： | 9 |
| 6 | The Effect of Tide on the Global Climate Change显示文摘The differential rotation between the solid and fluid spheres caused by tidal force could explain the 1500 to 1800-year cycle of the world's temperature. Strong tide increases the vertical and horizontal mixing of water in the oceans, drawing the cold Pacific water from the depths to the surface and the warm water from the west to the east, where it cools or warms the atmosphere above, absorbs or releases CO2 to decrease or increase greenhouse effect and to make La Nina or El Nino occur in the global. The moon's declination and obliquity of the ecliptic affect the tidal intensity. The exchange of tidal energy and tide-generating force caused by the sun, moon and major planets makes the earth's layers rotate in different speeds. The differenti-al rotation between solid and fluid of the earth is the basic reason for El Nino and global climate change. | YANG Xuexiang, CHEN Zhen and CHEN Dianyou( College of Ceo - exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, P. R. China)Qiao Qiyuan(National Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100012, P. R. China) | 2002 | Global Geology2002，7，1： | 7 |
| 7 | Improving analytic hierarchy process applied to fire risk analysis of public building显示文摘The structure importance in Fault Tree Analysis(FTA) reflects how important Basic Events are to Top Event.Attribute at alternative level in Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) also reflect its importance to general goal.Based on the coherence of these two methods,an improved AHP is put forward.Using this improved method,how important the attribute is to the fire safety of public building can be analyzed more credibly because of the reduction of subjective judgment.Olympic venues are very important public buildings in China.The fire safety evaluation of them will be a big issue to engineers.Improved AHP is a useful tool to the safety evaluation to these Olympic venues,and it will guide the evaluation in other areas. | SHI Long ZHANG RuiFang XIE QiYuan FU LiHua | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，8： | 7 |
| 8 | Functions of retired GEO communication satellites in improving the PDOP value of CAPS显示文摘This paper briefly introduces the maneuverable feature of the slightly inclined geosynchronous orbit (SIGSO) satellites under a new control model degraded from the geosynchronous orbit (GEO) communication satellites which will retire as most of the fuel in these satellites has been consumed. Basing on the transmitting Chinese Area Positioning System (CAPS), the authors, by analyses, indicate that such satellites can make an improvement to CAPS constellation configuration, especially to the PDOP value from simulation. The results show that the use of SIGSO satellites can (1) actualize three-dimensional (3D) navigation and positioning compared with the situation, which, only using GEO satellites, cannot be carried out, and improve navigation and positioning accuracy to some extent; (2) reuse the communication services of these satellites for more years, and GEO communication satellites will be retired at a later time and delay their time to become space debris and reduce their pollution of the space environment, so that valuable space resources are maximally used. As for the use of these satellites in the transmitting positioning system, the authors present some views and suggestions in this work. | HAN YanBen MA LiHua QIAO QiYuan YIN ZhiQiang SHI HuLi AI GuoXiang | 2009 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2009，52，3： | 7 |
| 9 | Selection of satellite constellation framework of CAPS显示文摘Based on the idea of transmitting the satellite navigation and positioning system, taking the distribution and variation of the Position Dilution of Precision factor (PDOP), which is closely related with the precision of navigation and positioning, within the China area as the primary criterion, we analyze and discuss the tentative plan of constellation configuration consisting of geosynchronous orbit (GEO) communication satellites and inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) satellites for the transmitting Chinese Area Positioning System (CAPS). We emphatically consider the effect on the PDOP by the three major orbit parameters including the inclination, eccentricity and right ascension of the ascend- ing node (RAAN) of IGSO satellites, to research the strategies of the constellation configuration of CAPS through software emulation. Various constellation configurations are analyzed and compared and the results show that the constellation configuration, consisting of three IGSO communication satellites in three orbits with the same inclination as 50°, the difference in RAAN as 120° and the same '8' shaped ground track centered near 115°E and four or five GEO communication satellites within 60°E to 150°E, can satisfy the requirement that Chinese domain is availably covered and the navigation and positioning with high precision could be obtained. Three relatively excellent constellation configurations are initially suggested and some concerned issues are discussed in this work. | HAN YanBen MA LiHua QIAO QiYuan YIN ZhiQiang AI GuoXiang | 2009 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2009，52，3： | 7 |
| 10 | Dispatch coordination between high-speed and conventional rail systems显示文摘Cross-line trains,as a link between high-speed and conventional rail networks,will increase the complexity of transport organization and lead to significant challenges in dispatch coordination between the two systems.Based on the characteristics of high-speed transport organization,this paper deals with the necessity of dispatch coordination between high-speed and conventional lines from the following two perspectives:the operation of cross-line trains and work coordination in connection stations.An adjustment model for the operation of high-speed trains,taking cross-line trains into account,is established.Finally,the dispatch system is described in terms of construction and process.Methods for organizing dispatch are proposed,and the processes of coordination adjustment under normal and unexpected situations are analyzed.The discussion in this paper may serve as a theoretical basis for the development of high-speed rail dispatch systems. | Qiyuan PENG Chao WEN | 2011 | Journal of Modern Transportation2011，19，1： | 6 |
| 11 | 3D printed silk-gelatin hydrogel scaffold with different porous structure and cell seeding strategy for cartilage regeneration显示文摘Hydrogel scaffolds are attractive for tissue defect repair and reorganization because of their human tissue-like characteristics.However,most hydrogels offer limited cell growth and tissue formation ability due to their submicron-or nano-sized gel networks,which restrict the supply of oxygen,nutrients and inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of encapsulated cells.In recent years,3D printed hydrogels have shown great potential to overcome this problem by introducing macro-pores within scaffolds.In this study,we fabricated a macroporous hydrogel scaffold through horseradish peroxidase(HRP)-mediated crosslinking of silk fibroin(SF)and tyramine-substituted gelatin(GT)by extrusion-based low-temperature 3D printing.Through physicochemical characterization,we found that this hydrogel has excellent structural stability,suitable mechanical properties,and an adjustable degradation rate,thus satisfying the requirements for cartilage reconstruction.Cell suspension and aggregate seeding methods were developed to assess the inoculation efficiency of the hydrogel.Moreover,the chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells was explored.Stem cells in the hydrogel differentiated into hyaline cartilage when the cell aggregate seeding method was used and into fibrocartilage when the cell suspension was used.Finally,the effect of the hydrogel and stem cells were investigated in a rabbit cartilage defect model.After implantation for 12 and 16 weeks,histological evaluation of the sections was performed.We found that the enzymatic cross-linked and methanol treatment SF5GT15 hydrogel combined with cell aggregates promoted articular cartilage regeneration.In summary,this 3D printed macroporous SF-GT hydrogel combined with stem cell aggregates possesses excellent potential for application in cartilage tissue repair and regeneration. | Qingtao Li Sheng Xu Qi Feng Qiyuan Dai Longtao Yao Yichen Zhang Huichang Gao Hua Dong Dafu Chen Xiaodong Cao | 2021 | Bioactive Materials2021，6，10： | 6 |
| 12 | Synthesis and electrochemical properties of Al-doped LiVPO_4F cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries显示文摘Al-doped LiVPO4F cathode materials LiAlxV1-xPO4F were prepared by two-step reactions based on a car-bothermal reduction (CTR) process. The properties of the Al-doped LiVPO4F were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),and electrochemical measurements. XRD studies show that the Al-doped LiVPO4F has the same triclinic structure (space group p1 ) as the undoped LiVPO4F. The SEM images exhibit that the particle size of Al-doped LiVPO4F is smaller than that of the undoped LiVPO4F and that the smallest particle size is only about 1 μm. The Al-doped LiVPO4F was evaluated as a cathode material for secondary lithium batteries,and exhibited an improved reversi-bility and cycleability,which may be attributed to the addition of Al3+ ion by stabilizing the triclinic structure. | ZHONG Shengkui YIN Zhoulan WANG Zhixing CHEN Qiyuan | 2007 | Rare Metals2007，26，5： | 6 |
| 13 | Crustal structure beneath the Qilian Orogen Zone from multiscale seismic tomography显示文摘The Qilian Orogen Zone(QOZ), located in the north margin of the Tibetan Plateau, is the key area for understanding the deformation and dynamics process of Tibet. Numerous geological and geophysical studies have been carried out on the mechanics of the Tibetan Plateau deformation and uplift; however, the detailed structure and deformation style of the Qilian Orogen Zone have remained uncertain due to poor geophysical data coverage and limited resolution power of inversion algorithms. In this study, we analyze the P-wave velocity structure beneath the Qilian Orogen Zone, obtained by applying multi-scale seismic tomography technique to P-wave arrival time data recorded by regional seismic networks. The seismic tomography algorithm used in this study employs sparsity constraints on the wavelet representation of the velocity model via L1-norm regularization. This algorithm can deal efficiently with uneven-sampled volumes, and can obtain multi-scale images of the velocity model. Our results can be summarized as follows:(1) The crustal velocity structure is strongly inhomogeneous and consistent with the surface geological setting. Significant low-velocity anomalies exist in the crust of northeastern Tibet, and slight high-velocity anomalies exist beneath the Qaidam Basin and Alxa terrane.(2)The Qilian Orogen Zone can be divided into two main parts by the Laji Shan Faults: the northwestern part with a low-velocity feature, and the southeastern part with a high-velocity feature at the upper and middle crust.(3) Our tomographic images suggest that northwestern and southeastern Qilian Orogen Zones have undergone different tectonic processes. In the northwest Qilian Orogen Zone, the deformation and growth of the Northern Tibetan Plateau has extended to the Heli Shan and Beida Shan region by northward overthrusting at the upper crust and thickening in the lower crust. We speculate that in the southeast Qilian Orogen Zone the deformation and growth of the Northern Tibet Plateau were of strike-slip style at the upper crust; in the lower crust, the evidence suggests ductile shear extrusion style and active frontage extension to the Alxa terrane.(4) The multi-scale seismic tomography technique provides multiscale analysis and sparse constraints, which has allowed to us obtain stable, high-resolution results. | Biao Guo JiuHui Chen QiYuan Liu ShunCheng Li | 2019 | Earth and Planetary Physics2019，3，3： | 5 |
| 14 | 新辅助放化疗加直肠癌切除术后外科切缘的放射性损伤:吻合口漏的预判线索显示文摘背景:对于直肠癌切除术后吻合口状态及其对吻合口漏的影响,目前鲜有研究报道。本研究旨在分析新辅助放化疗+直肠前切除术后外科切缘可能受到的放射性损伤,以及其与吻合口漏发生的关系。方法:回顾性纳入2014-2015年间连续收治的161例直肠前切除手术患者,包括行新辅助放化疗、单纯新辅助化疗或未行术前新辅助治疗者。采用一种专门的组织病理学评分和黏膜下层微血管密度,来对手术切缘标本进行评估。采用倾向评分匹配方法来平衡基线资料。分析吻合口漏与组织病理学特征的相关性。结果:54例新辅助放化疗患者中13例术后发生吻合口漏,48例新辅助化疗患者中5例术后发生吻合口漏,而59例未行新辅助治疗的患者中有7例出现术后吻合口漏。倾向评分匹配后,新辅助放化疗、新辅助化疗和未行新辅助治疗三组患者近切缘组织病理评分中位数(范围)分别为3(0-8)、0(0-3)和0(0-2)(P<0.001),远切缘组织病理评分分别为4(2-9)、0(0-4)和0(0-3)(P<0.001);近切缘微血管密度平均数(标准差)分别为21.7(7.9)、27.2(8.6)和27.3(9.4)(P=0.003),远切缘微血管密度分别为18.1(9.3)、25.2(12.9)和24.9(7.4)(P<0.001)。在新辅助放化疗患者中,吻合口漏的发生与组织病理学评分增高(P=0.003)及微血管密度减少(P=0.004)密切相关。结论:新辅助放化疗后,直肠癌切除术的外科切缘存在一定程度的放射性损伤。近切缘放射性损伤越严重,吻合口漏发生概率越高。 | Qiyuan Qin Yaxi Zhu Peihuang Wu Xinjuan Fan Yan Huang Binjie Huang Jianping Wang Lei Wang | 2019 | Gastroenterology Report2019，7，2： | 5 |
| 15 | Development of source profiles and their application in source apportionment of PM2.5 in Xiamen, China显示文摘 | Ningning Zhang Mazhan Zhuang Jie Tian Pengshan Tian Jieru Zhang Qiyuan Wang Yaqing Zhou Rujin Huang Chongshu Zhu Xuemin Zhang Junji Cao | 2016 | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering2016，10，5： | 5 |
| 16 | High-Speed Railway Train Timetable Conflict Prediction Based on Fuzzy Temporal Knowledge Reasoning显示文摘近年来,高速铁路各项技术不断发展,列车运行速度从300 km·h^(–1)提高到400 km·h^(–1)。本文介绍了由韩国研究者开发和论证的技术,即400 km·h^(–1)级集电性能评估方法。此外,本文还详细解释了基于视频图像的监测技术,其不需要直接接触供电系统的任何部件,这项技术被应用于检测以时速400 km运行的高铁上架空接触网组件的稳定性。与常规使用激光传感器或者线相机(line camera)来监控架空接触网的系统不同,开发的新型系统通过视频数据来测量其处于活动状态的参数。根据在商业线路上实地测量的结果,这种系统能有效地测量架空接触网的各项参数。 | He Zhuang Liping Feng Chao Wen Qiyuan peng Qizhi Tang | 2016 | Engineering2016，2，3： | 4 |
| 17 | Records of solar eclipse observations in ancient China显示文摘Like ancient people at other places of the world, the ancient Chinese lived in awe of the Sun. As they felt solar eclipses extremely significant events, they closely observed the occurrence of solar eclipse. Ancient astronomers further realized very early that solar eclipses were one of the important astronomical phenomena to revise and improve the ancient calendar. Interestingly, ancient emperors regarded solar eclipses as warnings from heaven that might affect the stability of their throne. Consequently, observing and recording solar eclipses became official, which dated far back to ancient China when numerous relevant descriptions were recorded in historical books. These records contribute substantially to China as an ancient civilization, as well as to the research of the long-term variation of the rotation rate of the Earth during >2000 years before the 17th century. This paper briefly reviews the perception, observations and recording of solar eclipses by ancient Chinese astronomers. | HAN YanBen QIAO QiYuan | 2009 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2009，52，11： | 3 |
| 18 | First experimental constraints on WIMP couplings in the effective field theory framework from CDEX显示文摘We present weakly interacting massive particles(WIMPs) search results performed using two approaches of effective field theory from the China Dark Matter Experiment(CDEX), based on the data from both CDEX-1B and CDEX-10 stages. In the nonrelativistic effective field theory approach, both time-integrated and annual modulation analyses were used to set new limits for the coupling of WIMP-nucleon effective operators at 90% confidence level(C.L.) and improve over the current bounds in the low mχregion. In the chiral effective field theory approach, data from CDEX-10 were used to set an upper limit on WIMP-pion coupling at 90% C.L. We for the first time extended the limit to the m_(χ)<6 GeV/c^(2) region. | Yi Wang Zhi Zeng Qian Yue LiTao Yang KeJun Kang YuanJing Li Mehment Agartioglu HaiPeng An JianPing Chang JingHan Chen YunHua Chen JianPing Cheng Cheng Yi Chiang WenHan Dai Zhi Deng ChangHao Fang XinPing Geng Hui Gong QiuJu Guo XuYuan Guo HongJian He Li He ShengMing He JinWei Hu TuChen Huang HanXiong Huang HaiTao Jia LiPing Jia Xi Jiang HauBin Li JianMin Li Jin Li MingXuan Li RenMingJie Li Xia Li YuLan Li Bin Liao FongKay Lin ShinTed Lin ShuKui Liu YanDong Liu Yu Liu YuanYuan Liu ZhongZhi Liu Hao Ma YuCai Mao QiYuan Nie JinHua Ning Hui Pan NingChun Qi Jie Ren XiChao Ruan ChangSong Shang Vivek Sharma Ze She Lakhwinder Singh Monoj Kumar Singh TianXi Sun ChangJian Tang WeiYou Tang Yang Tian GuangFu Wang Li Wang Qing Wang Yu Chen Wang YunXiang Wang Zhen Wang Henry Tsz-King Wong ShiYong Wu YuCheng Wu HaoYang Xing Yin Xu Tao Xue YuLu Yan Nan Yi ChunXu Yu HaiJun Yu JianFeng Yue Ming Zeng BingTao Zhang Lei Zhang FengShou Zhang ZhenYu Zhang KangKang Zhao MingGang Zhao JiFang Zhou ZuYing Zhou JingJun Zhu | 2021 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2021，64，8： | 3 |
| 19 | Developing new understanding of photoelectrochemical water splitting via in-situ techniques:A review on recent progress显示文摘Photoelectrochemical(PEC) water splitting is a promising technology for solar hydrogen production to build a sustainable, renewable and clean energy economy. Given the complexity of the PEC water splitting processes, it is important to note that developing in-situ techniques for studying PEC water splitting presents a formidable challenge. This review is aimed at highlighting advantages and disadvantages of each technique, while offering a pathway of potentially combining several techniques to address different aspects of interfacial processes in PEC water splitting. We reviewed recent progress in various techniques and approaches utilized to study PEC water splitting, focusing on spectroscopic and scanning-probe methods. | Jiajie Cen Qiyuan Wu Mingzhao Liu Alexander Orlov | 2017 | Green Energy & Environment2017，2，2： | 3 |
| 20 | The structural model of P_(680)显示文摘INVESTIGATION on photosystem Ⅱ (PS Ⅱ ) of high plants is one of the most important aspects in photosynthesis research. P680 is the primary electron donor in reaction center of PS Ⅱ , which is a crucial component for sun-light conversion and water split in PS Ⅱ. So study on its structure and function is very important. So far, a few structural models of P(680) have been proposed. Typical models are monomolecular model and bimolecular model. There are two types of bimolecular model: bimolecular parallel model and bimolecular angular model. (Note: There is a kind of multiple model. Because it can be obtained from the organization of two bimolecular models, this model is considered as the same sort of bi- | ZHANG Chunxi , ZHANG Xiaodong , LI Liangbi , ZHANG Qiyuan , ZHANG Xingkang and KUANG TingyunPhotosynthesis Research Center and Laboratory of Photosynthesis Basic Research , Institute of Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100093, China State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100080, China | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，9： | 3 |
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