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| 1 | Changes of protein oxidation,lipid oxidation and lipolysis in Chinese dry sausage with different sodium chloride curing salt content显示文摘The effect of sodium chloride(NaCl)curing salt content on protein oxidation,lipid oxidation and lipolysis of Chinese dry sausage was investigated.Two groups Chinese dry sausages with 2%and 4%(m/m)salt content were studied.The degree of protein oxidation increased during the processes in two groups sausages,while the content of phospholipids decreased,neutral lipids and free fatty acids increased.The degree of protein oxidation,lipid oxidation and lipolysis in 4%NaCl content group was higher than those in 2%NaCl content group,while 4%NaCl content group has higher lipase activity.In conclusion,4%NaCl may facilitate the protein oxidation,lipid hydrolysis and oxidation in Chinese dry sausage,and the protein oxidation had strong correlation with lipid oxidation and lipolysis.The results could provide a basis for improving the technology of industrial production. | Bing Zhao Huimin Zhou Shunliang Zhang Xiaoqian Pan Su Li Ning Zhu Qianrong Wu Shouwei Wang Xiaoling Qiao Wenhua Chen | 2020 | Food Science and Human Wellness2020，9，4： | 22 |
| 2 | A step metallogenetic model for gold deposits in the northwestern Shandong Peninsula, China显示文摘Based on our study of the nature and variation of mineralization-controlling faults in their deep extension and the spatial distribution of gold orebodies in the northwestern Shandong Peninsula (NSP), here we propose that the gold deposits in the Jiaojia gold belt are controlled by listric faults and the gold deposits in the NSP are controlled by extensional fault system. We also suggest that there is a multiple mineralization space in the deep part of the NSP gold belt. As steps or benches occur along the deep extention of the listric fault where its dipping angle changes from steep to gentle, a number of gold deposits are correspondingly distributed as a steplike pattern, which is named as a step metallogenetic model for gold deposits in the NSP. The gold deposits in Shandong Peninsula were formed in the Cretaceous when the crust in the region experienced extention and thinning following the strong collision between North China Plate and Yangtze Plate during the Triassic. Crust anataxis, fluid remobilization, and extention-detachement of the crust are the leading factors for the gold mineralization. | SONG MingChun YI PiHou XU JunXiang CUI ShuXue SHEN Kun JIANG HongLi YUAN WenHua WANG HuaJiang | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，6： | 21 |
| 3 | Optimization of heat transfer and heat-work conversion based on generalized heat transfer law显示文摘Examples of heat transfer and heat-work conversion are optimized with entropy generation and entransy loss,respectively based on the generalized heat transfer law in this paper.The applicability of entropy generation and entransy loss evaluation in these optimization problems is analyzed and discussed.The results show that the entransy loss rate reduces to the entransy dissipation rate in heat transfer processes,and that the entransy loss evaluation is effective for heat transfer optimization.However,the maximum heat transfer rate does not correspond to the minimum entropy generation rate with prescribed heat transfer temperature difference,which indicates that the entropy generation minimization is not always appropriate to heat transfer optimization.For heat-work conversion processes,the maximum entransy loss rate and the minimum entropy generation rate both correspond to the maximum output power,and they are both appropriate to the optimization of the heat-work conversion processes discussed in this paper. | CHENG XueTao WANG WenHua LIANG XinGang | 2012 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2012，55，10： | 19 |
| 4 | Forest Ecosystem Services and Their Values in Beijing显示文摘As the most important ecosystem in Beijing, the forest supports a lot of ecosystem services to local and around communities, which plays a key role in the maintenance of urban ecological security.However, the valuation on the forest ecosystem services based on regional scale could not provide precise and reasonable values for forestry sector management.In this study, we estimated the magnitudes and economic values of the forest ecosystem services in Beijing at sublot level.The economic value of forest ecosystem services in Beijing was estimated to be 19 339.71×10 6 yuan(RMB) in 2004.Among all the ecosystem services indicators we estimated in this study, only fruit, timber and part of the recreation(which only include the tourism income from the forest parks and scenic areas, but not include that from other forest types) were measured in the social economic system.As estimated in this study, more than 82.19% of the economic value of forest ecosystem services could not be measured in the socio-economic statistical system.The importance of forest ecosystem services in Beijing to human welfare was underestimated by the socio-economic system.Therefore, the policies about the eco-compensation of forest ecosystem services should be established to maintain the sustainable supply of the forest ecosystem services in Beijing. | XIE Gaodi LI Wenhua XIAO Yu ZHANG Biao LU Chunxia AN Kai WANG Jixing XU Kang WANG Jinzeng | 2010 | Chinese Geographical Science2010，20，1： | 18 |
| 5 | Adsorption behavior of phosphate on Lanthanum(Ⅲ) doped mesoporous silicates material显示文摘A series of lanthanum doped meosoporous MCM-41(LaxM41,x is Si/La molar ratio) was prepared by sol-gel method.The surface structure of the materials was investigated with X-ray diffraction and N2 adsorption/desorption technique.The content of La in the materials was determined by ICP.It was found that the La content of La25M41,La50M41 and La100M41 was 7.53%,3.89% and 2.32%,respectively.The phosphate adsorption capacities increased with increasing amount of La incorporation.With 0.40 g La25M41 99.7% phosphate could be removed.The effects of Si/La molar ratio,LaxM41 dose,pH,initial concentration of phosphate solution,co-ions on phosphate adsorption were also evaluated.The phosphate adsorption kinetics of LaxM41 could be well-described by the pseudo second-order model,and Langmuir isotherm fit equilibrium data much better than the Freundlich isotherm. | Jianda Zhang Zhemin Shen Wenpo Shan Ziyan Chen Zhijian Mei Yangming Lei Wenhua Wang | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，4： | 18 |
| 6 | Entransy analysis of open thermodynamic systems显示文摘The concept of entransy developed in recent years can describe the heat transport ability.This paper extends this concept to the open thermodynamic system and defines the concept of enthalpy entransy.The entransy balance equation of steady open thermodynamic systems,as well as the concept of entransy loss,is developed.The entransy balance equation is applied to analyzing and discussing the air standard cycle.It is found that the entransy loss rate can describe the change in net power output from the cycle but the entropy generation rate cannot when the heat absorbed by the working medium is from the combustion reaction of the gas fuel.When the working medium is heated by a high temperature stream,both the maximum entransy loss rate and the minimum entropy generation rate correspond to the maximum net power output from the cycle.Hence,the concept of entransy loss is an appropriate figure of merit that describes the cycle performance. | CHENG XueTao WANG WenHua LIANG XinGang | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，22： | 16 |
| 7 | Effect of tannic acid on corrosion behavior of carbon steel in NaCl solution显示文摘Corrosion behavior of unrusted Q235 carbon steel was investigated in 3.5% NaCl solutions with 1–5 wt%tannic acid addition, using electrochemical methods including electrochemical impedance spectra(EIS),potentiodynamic polarization and scanning vibrating electrode technique(SVET) combined with surface analysis. Results show that the corrosion rate decreases with increasing tannic acid concentration. As compared with tannic acid-free solution, 1% tannic acid does not provide inhibition effect during the whole immersion, while inhibition effect is observed for 3% tannic acid after 8 h and for 5% tannic acid after 4 h. The inhibition efficiency by weight loss measurements(áw) for 1%, 3%, and 5% tannic is around-17.2%, 40.3%, and 51.5%, respectively. Corrosion of unrusted carbon steel in the presence of tannic acid is attributed to the joint effect of tannic acid adsorption and pH decrease. Formation of ferric-tannates is verified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and Raman spectra. The reaction mechanism between tannic acid and unrusted carbon steel is proposed. | Wenhua Xu En-Hou Han Zhenyu Wang | 2019 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2019，35，1： | 16 |
| 8 | Environment-ecosystem dynamic processes of Spartina alterniflora salt-marshes along the eastern China coastlines显示文摘Spartina alterniflora is ecologically important in its original habitat; however, it has caused controversy since it was introduction into China(now it has been spreading rapidly on the Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang and Fujian coasts). The purpose of the present contribution is, on the basis of an analysis and synthesis of existing data sets, to evaluate the environmental-ecological effects of S. alterniflora, and to identify the relevant scientific problems that require further research in the future. Investigations have shown that, by reducing the near-bed shear stress associated with tidal currents, S. alterniflora can enhance the settling flux of suspended sediment and deposition rate on the tidal flats over the region. Further, field survey and analysis indicate that the S. alterniflora salt-marsh has a high primary production and provides a new type of habitat for the native benthic fauna. Some macro-, meio- and micro-fauna that used to live in the native salt-marshes have adapted to the S. alterniflora salt-marsh, forming a new ecosystem. Under the influences of a number of background factors, such as latitude variations and the coastal type, the environmental-ecological changes induced by Spartine have regional differentiations. To the north of Hangzhou Bay, with a high position of the pre-Holocene stratum base, a large width of the tidal flats, and a gentle bed slope, only a small part of the intertidal zone is occupied by the S. alterniflora salt-marsh. Here, the S. alterniflora salt-marshes mainly play a positive role in coastal protection and ecosystem functioning. In contrary, to the South of Hangzhou Bay, The pre-Holocene deposits are situated in relatively deeo waters, and the width of the tidal flats formed within coastal embayments is relatively narrow. As such, the expansion of S. alterniflora has squeezed the living space of other intertidal organisms, thus has a negative ecological effect. Therefore, the regional differentiation of the Spartina effects should be sufficiently considered in coastal development and management. Furthermore, in order to predict the future evolution of the S. alterniflora wetlands over the region, in addition to in situ monitoring and measurements, an ecosystem dynamic model should be established, taking into account the coupling of the rerrestrial and marine environmental-ecological processes. | GAO Shu DU YongFen XIE WenJing GAO WenHua WANG DanDan WU XiaoDong | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，11： | 15 |
| 9 | Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase in Nucleus Accumbens Mediates Propofol Self-Administration in Rats显示文摘Clinical and animal studies have indicated that propofol has potential for abuse,but the specific neurobiological mechanism underlying propofol reward is not fully understood.The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK) signal transduction pathways in the nucleus accumbens(NAc) in propofol self-administration.We tested the expression of p-ERK in the NAc following the maintenance of propofol self-administration in rats.We also assessed the effect of administration of SCH23390,an antagonist of the D1 dopamine receptor,on the expression of p-ERK in the NAc in propofol self-administering rats,and examined the effects of intra-NAc injection of U0126,an MEK inhibitor,on propofol reinforcement in rats.The results showed that the expression of p-ERK in the NAc increased significantly in rats maintained on propofol,and pre-treatment with SCH23390 inhibited the propofol selfadministration and diminished the expression of p-ERK in the NAc.Moreover,intra-NAc injection of U0126(4 μg/side) attenuated the propofol self-administration.The data suggest that ERK signal transduction pathways coupled with D1 dopamine receptors in the NAc may be involved in the maintenance of propofol self-administration and its rewarding effects. | Benfu Wang Xiaowei Yang Anna Sun Lanman Xu Sicong Wang Wenxuan Lin Miaojun Lai Huaqiang Zhu Wenhua Zhou Qingquan Lian | 2016 | Neuroscience Bulletin2016，32，6： | 12 |
| 10 | Mineralogy,distribution,occurrence and removability of trace elements during the coal preparation of No.6 coal from Heidaigou mine显示文摘Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy in conjunction with energy dispersed X-ray spectrometry(SEM–EDX)were used to study the minerals and the concentrations of 33 trace elements in No.6 coal from Heidaigou mine.The distributions,organic affinity and removability of 18 trace elements were studied by float-sink experiments.A determination of the maceral groups was also undertaken.A high mineral content,dominated by kaolinite,was found in No.6 coal from Heidaigou mine.The bauxite content was relatively high and it was mainly present as individual particles in fusinite lumens or was intimately intergrown with carbonate minerals.The pyrite and quartz contents were low.Some marcasite with a parallel twin structure was observed by cross-polar reflected light.A small amount of bean-like goyazite was present in the calcite.The weighted trace element content in Heidaigou formations is relatively low,which is beneficial for coal processing and utilization.The concentrations of Ga,Hg,Pb,Se,Th,Ta are relatively high compared with the average values of Chinese coals.As,Hg,Mo,Ge,Ga,Ta,Ti,W,Mn are mainly present in minerals while B,Be,Th,P,Sc,Sr,V,Y,Yb are mainly found in organic matter.As,Ge,Hg,Mo are mainly present in sulfides and Be,Th,P,Sc,Sr,Y,Yb are mainly present in inertinite.B and V are mainly present in vitrinite.The high organic affinity and the low theoretical removability of most trace elements cause difficulties in removing them during coal preparation. | Xiangfei Bai Yue Wang Wenhua Li | 2014 | International Journal of Coal Science & Technology2014，1，4： | 12 |
| 11 | Potential influence of water level changes on energy flows in a lake food web显示文摘Large seasonal water-level fluctuations may influence isotopic signatures of primary producers and the types and amounts of these potential food sources accessible to aquatic fauna of Poyang Lake,the largest freshwater lake in China.In this study,the isotopic signatures of primary producers and consumers were determined,stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis and mixing models were combined to investigate the influence of water levels on the diet and isotopic composition of Poyang Lake fish and invertebrates.Five potential food sources (seston,benthic organic matter,aquatic macrophytes,attached algae,and terrestrial plants),4 species of invertebrates,and 10 species of fish were collected from the lake area during dry and wet seasons between January 2009 and April 2010.The δ 13C values of invertebrates and most fish were within the range of δ 13C values of the potential food sources for both seasons.The δ 13C values of invertebrates and most fish were lower in the dry season than in the wet season,whereas the δ 15N values exhibited different patterns for different species.Mixing models indicated that the most important food sources for common lake fauna were seston in the dry season and aquatic macrophytes and terrestrial plants in the wet season.The fauna were more omnivorous in the wet season than in the dry season.The food web dynamics of Poyang Lake are strongly influenced by changes in the abundance and accessibility of different basal food sources that occur because of seasonal flood pulses.The trophic links within the aquatic communities of Poyang Lake are modified by water-level fluctuations. | WANG YuYu YU XiuBo LI WenHua XU Jun CHEN YuWei FAN Na | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，26： | 11 |
| 12 | Ginsenoside Rb1 attenuates activated microglia-induced neuronal damage显示文摘The microglia-mediated inflammatory reaction promotes neuronal damage under cerebral ischemia/hypoxia conditions. We therefore speculated that inhibition of hypoxia-induced microglial activation may alleviate neuronal damage. To test this hypothesis, we co-cultured ginsenoside Rb1, an active component of ginseng, and cortical neurons. Ginsenoside Rb1 protected neuronal morphology and structure in a single hypoxic culture system and in a hypoxic co-culture system with microglia, and reduced neuronal apoptosis and caspase-3 production. The protective effect was observable prior to placing in co-culture. Additionally, ginsenoside Rb1 inhibited levels of tumor necrosis factor-α in a co-culture system containing activated N9 microglial cells. Ginsenoside Rb1 also significantly decreased nitric oxide and superoxide production induced by N9 microglia. Our findings indicate that ginsenoside Rb1 attenuates damage to cerebral cortex neurons by downregulation of nitric oxide, superoxide, and tumor necrosis factor-α expression in hypoxia-activated microglia. | Lining Ke Wei Guo Jianwen Xu Guodong Zhang Wei Wang Wenhua Huang | 2014 | Neural Regeneration Research2014，9，3： | 11 |
| 13 | Heavy metal accumulation by panicled goldenrain tree(Koelreuteria paniculata) and common elaeocarpus(Elaeocarpus decipens) in abandoned mine soils in southern China显示文摘Phytoremediation can be used as a sustainable technology for mine spoil remediation to remove heavy metals.This study investigated the concentration of 7 heavy metal contamination in soil and plant samples at an abandoned mine site.We found that,after vegetation remediation at the abandoned mine site,the reduction rates for 7 heavy metals were in the range of 4.2%-86%,where reduction rates over 50% were achieved for four heavy metals(Zn,Mn,Cd,Ni).Transfer coeffcients of the panicled goldenrain tree(Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm) and the common elaeocarpus(Elaeocarpus decipens) for Zn,Mn,Ni,and Co were more than 1.Enrichment coeffcients of both trees for Mn were higher than 1.Our results suggest that the panicled goldenrain tree and the common elaeocarpus tree may act as accumulators in remediation.Moreover,the woody vegetation remediation in abandoned mining areas play an important role in improving scenery besides removing heavy metal from contaminated soil. | TIAN Dalun ZHU Fan YAN Wende Fang Xi XIANG Wenhua DENG Xiangwen WANG Guangjun PENG Changhui | 2009 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2009，21，3： | 11 |
| 14 | Entransy dissipation,entransy-dissipation-based thermal resistance and optimization of one-stream hybrid thermal network显示文摘The one-stream hybrid thermal network is analyzed and discussed based on the entransy theory,and the results are compared with those from the entropy generation optimization.The theoretical analysis indicates that the minimum heat-flow-weighted temperature of the thermal networks corresponds to the minimum entransy dissipation rate and the minimum thermal resistance.For a simple hybrid thermal network consisting of three thermal components,the expression of entransy dissipation is conducted,and the heat transfer area and the mass flow rate are calculated and optimized.The optimal results are obtained in order to minimize the entransy dissipation and the thermal resistance.The optimal results are calculated for various combinations,such as series connection,parallel connection and other hybrid connections.The numerical results are in accordance with the theoretical analysis.Both the theoretical analysis and the numerical results show that the minimum entransy dissipation and the minimum thermal resistance correspond to the minimum heat-flow-weighted temperature of the thermal networks while the minimum entropy generation does not. | WANG WenHua CHENG XueTao LIANG XinGang | 2013 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2013，56，2： | 11 |
| 15 | Interpretation of breast cancer screening guideline for Chinese women显示文摘Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in Chinese women.Early screening is the best way to improve the rates of early diagnosis and survival of breast cancer patients.The peak onset age for breast cancer in Chinese women is considerably younger than those in European and American women.It is imperative to develop breast cancer screening guideline that is suitable for Chinese women.By summarizing the current evidence on breast cancer screening in Chinese women,and referring to the latest guidelines and consensus on breast cancer screening in Europe,the United States,and East Asia,the China Anti-Cancer Association and National Clinical Research Center for Cancer(Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital)have formulated population-based guideline for breast cancer screening in Chinese women.The guideline provides recommendations on breast cancer screening for Chinese women at average or high risk of breast cancer according to the following three aspects:age of screening,screening methods,and screening interval.This article provides more detailed information to support the recommendations in this guideline and to provide more direction for current breast cancer screening practices in China. | Yubei Huang Zhongsheng Tong Kexin Chen Ying Wang Peifang Liu Lin Gu Juntian Liu Jinpu Yu Fengju Song Wenhua Zhao Yehui Shi Hui Li Huaiyuan Xiao Xishan Hao | 2019 | Cancer Biology & Medicine2019，16，4： | 10 |
| 16 | Discovery of ~4.0 Ga detrital zircons in the Changdu Block,North Qiangtang,Tibetan Plateau显示文摘在 situ 锆石由 LA-ICP-MS 和 MC-ICP-MS 标明日期使用, 3981 的由岩屑形成的锆石 ??? 鮼铧?? ? 裦蒚铩 ????? 偃 ?? 鮼 ?? 郥趽 ????腘 吗?? | ShiPing He RongShe Li Chao Wang HongFei Zhang WenHua Ji PuSheng Yu PingYang Gu Chao Shi | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，7： | 9 |
| 17 | Paleomagnetic results of Late Paleozoic rocks from northern Qiangtang Block in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China显示文摘Tectonic evolution of the Tethys and the boundary between the Gondwanaland and the Eurasia during the Carboniferous and Permian remain hotly debated. Qiangtang region in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau may be a key place to study these problems. A paleomagnetic study was conducted on the Late Paleozoic rocks in the northern Qiangtang region (33.7°N, 86.7°W), Tibet. Two sites (21 samples) in the Upper Carboniferous, eleven sites (101 samples) in the Permian, and two sites (16 samples) in the Lower Triassic were investigated. The rock magnetic data revealed hematite and magnetite as the main magnetic carriers. In stepwise thermal demagnetization and/or combined alternating field (AC) demagnetization, two characteristic components in the majority of the samples were identified as (1) the Low-temperature Component (LTC), characterized by northerly decli- nation and moderate to steep inclination, corresponding to a pole position overlay with the present North Pole. A minority of the samples present single component, and their directions are the same as (2) the High-temperature Component (HTC) of double components. The combined single-component and HTC data of the Permian can pass the R-test at 95% level and the F-test at 99% level, as well as the BC-test. The pole position from the Late Carboniferous is at 31.8°S, 45.7°E with dp=2.1, dm=3.9, that from the Early and Middle (Late) Permian is at 31.7°S, 46.8°E with dp=9.2, dm=16.9 (34.4°N, 54.1°E with dp=6.9, dm=12.5) respectively, and that from the Early Triassic is at 16.9°S, 22.5°E with dp=4.9, dm=9.2. These pole positions are different from the other poles for the Qiangtang Block, which suggests the single-component and HTC directions are probably a primary magnetization and the northern Qiangtang Block was paleogeographically situated at low latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere in the Late Paleozoic. | CHENG Xin WU HanNing GUO Qiang HOU BaoNing XIA LingYan WANG HaiJun DIAO ZongBao HUO FeiFei JI WenHua LI RongShe CHEN ShouJian ZHAO ZhenMing LIU XiaoJi | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，1： | 9 |
| 18 | Effect of proteolytic starter culture isolated from Chinese Dong fermented pork(Nanx Wudl)on microbiological,biochemical and organoleptic attributes in dry fermented sausages显示文摘The effect of a proteolytic starter culture isolated from Nanx Wudl,on microbiological,biochemical and organoleptic attributes of dry fermented sausages was investigated during processing.Based on preliminary screening,the combination of Staphylococcus xylosus SX16 and Lactobacillus plantarum CMRC6,showing excellent proteolytic activity in vitro,was selected as the multi-strain starter(starter LS).For comparison,the single-strain starter culture of L.plantarum CMRC6(starter LB)and non-inoculated control were also tested.During fermentation,lactic acid bacteria and staphylococci dominated the microbiota and suppressed the Enterobacteriaceae growth in LS-inoculated sausages.The addition of LS starter accelerated acidification and proteolysis during ripening,improving the contents of total free amino acids and several essential free amino acids(Phe,Ile and Leu).Volatile compounds analysis revealed that LS-fermented sausage showed the highest abundance of 3-methyl-1-butanol,probably due to the inoculated S.xylosus.The inoculation of LS starter improved the sensory properties of sausages,especially the flavor attribute.Therefore,S.xylosus SX16 and L.plantarum CMRC6 are promising candidates for inclusion as multi-strain starters in the manufacture of gourmet fermented dry sausage. | Xi Chen Ruifang Mi Biao Qi Suyue Xiong Jiapeng Li Chao Qu Xiaoling Qiao Wenhua Chen Shouwei Wang | 2021 | Food Science and Human Wellness2021，10，1： | 9 |
| 19 | Paleomagnetic data from the Late Carboniferous-Late Permian rocks in eastern Tibet and their implications for tectonic evolution of the northern Qiangtang-Qamdo block显示文摘We report paleomagnetic results from the Late Carboniferous-Late Permian strata in eastern Tibet (China), and aim to clarify the tectonic and paleogeographic evolution of the northern Qiangtang-Qamdo block, which is the key to the study of plate boundary between the Gondwanaland and the Eurasia during the late Paleozoic. Two hundred and nineteen samples-including limestone, muddy siltstone, basalt, lava, and tuff-were collected at 24 sites in the Upper Carboniferous and Middle-Upper Permian successions. A systematic study of rock magnetism and paleomagnetism yields three reliable paleomagnetic pole positions. Both hematite and magnetite occurred in the Late Carboniferous limestone samples. The demagnetization curve shows a characteristic double-component, with the remanent magnetization (ChRM) exhibiting a positive polarity (negative inclination). In the Late Permian limestone, tuff, and basalt, magnetic information were recorded primarily in magnetite, although a small fraction of them was found in hematite in basalt. The demagnetization curve illustrates a double or single component, with the ChRM showing a negative polarity (positive inclination), which has passed the classic fold test successfully. The single polarity features of the ChRM directions of the Late Carboniferous and Middle-Late Permian rocks are respectively related to the Kiaman positive and reversed polarities under the stratigraphic coordinates. This, in turn, indicates that both ChRMs directions represent the original remanence directions. By comparison with the previously published paleomagnetic results from the late Paleozoic rocks in the northern Qiangtang Range, we suggest that: (1) Qamdo and northern Qiangtang block were independent of each other during the Late Carboniferous to the Early Permian periods. The north Lancangjiang ocean basin between the two blocks may have closed before the Middle Permian and been involved in the continent-continent collision stage in the Late Permian-Early Triassic periods. (2) The northern Qiangtang-Qamdo Block paleogeographically was situated at low to intermediate latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere in the Late Carboniferous-Late Permian periods, and began to displace northward in the Early Triassic, with an amount of more than 5000 km northward transport from its current location. | CHENG Xin WU HanNing DIAO ZongBao WANG HaiJun MA Lun ZHANG XiaoDong YANG Gang HONG JingJing JI WenHua LI RongShe CHEN ShouJian ZHAO ZhenMing | 2013 | Science China Earth Sciences2013，56，7： | 8 |
| 20 | Non-covalently Functionalized Graphene Oxide-Based Coating to Enhance Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy of PVA Film显示文摘The synergistic effect of conventional flame-retardant elements and graphene has received extensive attention in the development of a new class of flame retardants. Compared to covalent modification, the noncovalent strategy is simpler and expeditious and entirely preserves the original quality of graphene. Thus, non-covalently functionalized graphene oxide(FGO) with a phosphorus–nitrogen compound was successfully prepared via a one-pot process in this study. Polyethyleneimine and FGO were alternatively deposited on the surface of a poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) film via layer-by-layer assembly driven by electrostatic interaction, imparting excellent flame retardancy to the coated PVA film. The multilayer FGO-based coating formed a protective shield encapsulating the PVA matrix, effectively blocking the transfer of heat and mass during combustion. The coated PVA has a higher initial decomposition temperature of about 260 °C and a nearly 60% reduction in total heat release than neat PVA does. Our results may have a promising prospect for flame-retardant polymers. | Wenhua Chen Pengju Liu Lizhen Min Yiming Zhou Yuan Liu Qi Wang Wenfeng Duan | 2018 | Nano-Micro Letters2018，10，3： | 8 |
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