|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | The Plant Vascular System: Evolution, Development and Functions显示文摘The emergence of the tracheophyte-based vascular system of land plantshad major impacts on the evolution of terrestrial biology, in general,through its role in facilitating the development of plants with increasedstature, photosynthetic output, and ability to colonize a greatly expandedrange of environmental habitats. Recently, considerable progress hasbeen made in terms of our understanding of the developmental andphysiological programs involved in the formation and function of theplant vascular system. In this review, we first examine the evolutionaryevents that gave rise to the tracheophytes, followed by analysis of thegenetic and hormonal networks that cooperate to orchestrate vasculardevelopment in the gymnosperms and angiosperms. The two essentialfunctions performed by the vascular system, namely the delivery of resources (water, essential mineralnutrients, sugars and amino acids) to the various plant organs and provision of mechanical support arenext discussed. Here, we focus on critical questions relating to structural and physiological propertiescontrolling the delivery of material through the xylem and phloem. Recent discoveries into the role ofthe vascular system as an effective long-distance communication system are next assessed in termsof the coordination of developmental, physiological and defense-related processes, at the whole-plantlevel. A concerted effort has been made to integrate all these new findings into a comprehensive pictureof the state-of-the-art in the area of plant vascular biology. Finally, areas important for future researchare highlighted in terms of their likely contribution both to basic knowledge and applications to primaryindustry. | William J. Lucas Andrew Groover Raffael Lichtenberger Kaori Furuta Shri-Ram Yadav Yk Helariutta Xin-Qiang He Hiroo Fukuda Julie Kang Siobhan M. Brady John W. Patrick John Sperry Akiko Yoshida Ana-Flor López-Millan Michael A. Grusak Pradeep Kachroo | 2013 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2013，55，4： | 30 |
| 2 | Transcriptomic landscape regulated by the 14 types of bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs)in lineage commitment and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)显示文摘Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are ubiquitously-existing multipotent progenitors that can self-renew and differentiate into multiple lineages including osteocytes,chondrocytes,adipocytes,tenocytes and myocytes.MSCs represent one of the most commonly-used adult progenitors and serve as excellent progenitor cell models for investigating lineagespecific differentiation regulated by various cellular signaling pathways,such as bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs).As members of TGFb superfamily,BMPs play diverse and important roles in development and adult tissues.At least 14 BMPs have been identified in mammals.Different BMPs exert distinct but overlapping biological functions.Through a comprehensive analysis of 14 BMPs in MSCs,we demonstrated that BMP9 is one of the most potent BMPs in inducing osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.Nonetheless,a global mechanistic view of BMP signaling in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs remains to be fully elucidated.Here,we conducted a comprehensive transcriptomic profiling in the MSCs stimulated by 14 types of BMPs.Hierarchical clustering analysis classifies 14 BMPs into three subclusters:an osteo/chondrogenic/adipogenic cluster,a tenogenic cluster,and BMP3 cluster.We also demonstrate that six BMPs(e.g.,BMP2,BMP3,BMP4,BMP7,BMP8,and BMP9)can induce ISmads effectively,while BMP2,BMP3,BMP4,BMP7,and BMP11 up-regulate Smad-independent MAP kinase pathway.Furthermore,we show that many BMPs can upregulate the expression of the signal mediators of Wnt,Notch and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways.While the reported transcriptomic changes need to be further validated,our expression profiling represents the first-of-its-kind to interrogate a comprehensive transcriptomic landscape regulated by the 14 types of BMPs in MSCs. | Linghuan Zhang Qing Luo Yi Shu Zongyue Zeng Bo Huang Yixiao Feng Bo Zhang Xi Wang Yan Lei Zhenyu Ye Ling Zhao Daigui Cao Lijuan Yang Xian Chen Bin Liu William Wagstaff Russell R*Reid Hue H*Luu Rex C*Haydon Michael J*Lee Jennifer Moriatis Wolf Zhou Fu Tong-Chuan He Quan Kang | 2019 | Genes & Diseases2019，6，3： | 11 |
| 3 | Highly expressed BMP9/GDF2 in postnatal mouse liver and lungs may account for its pleiotropic effects on stem cell differentiation,angiogenesis,tumor growth and metabolism显示文摘Bone morphogenetic protein 9(BMP9)(or GDF2)was originally identified from fetal mouse liver cDNA libraries.Emerging evidence indicates BMP9 exerts diverse and pleiotropic functions during postnatal development and in maintaining tissue homeostasis.However,the expression landscape of BMP9 signaling during development and/or in adult tissues remains to be analyzed.Here,we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the expression landscape of BMP9 and its signaling mediators in postnatal mice.By analyzing mouse ENCODE transcriptome datasets we found Bmp9 was highly expressed in the liver and detectable in embryonic brain,adult lungs and adult placenta.We next conducted a comprehensive qPCR analysis of RNAs isolated from major mouse tissues/organs at various ages.We found that Bmp9 was highly expressed in the liver and lung tissues of young adult mice,but decreased in older mice.Interestingly,Bmp9 was only expressed at low to modest levels in developing bones.BMP9-associated TGFβ/BMPR type I receptor Alk1 was highly expressed in the adult lungs.Furthermore,the feedback inhibitor Smads Smad6 and Smad7 were widely expressed in mouse postnatal tissues.However,the BMP signaling antagonist noggin was highly expressed in fat and heart in the older age groups,as well as in kidney,liver and lungs in a biphasic fashion.Thus,our findings indicate that the circulating BMP9 produced in liver and lungs may account for its pleiotropic effects on postnatal tissues/organs although possible roles of BMP9 signaling in liver and lungs remain to be fully understood. | Wei Liu Zhongliang Deng Zongyue Zeng Jiaming Fan Yixiao Feng Xi Wang Daigui Cao Bo Zhang Lijuan Yang Bin Liu Mikhail Pakvasa William Wagstaff Xiaoxing Wu Huaxiu Luo Jing Zhang Meng Zhang Fang He Yukun Mao Huiming Ding Yongtao Zhang Changchun Niu Rex C.Haydon Hue H.Luu Jennifer Moriatis Wolf Michael J.Lee Wei Huang Tong-Chuan He Yulong Zou | 2020 | Genes & Diseases2020，7，2： | 9 |
| 4 | Genomic Features and Regulatory Roles of Intermediate-Sized Non-Coding RNAs in Arabidopsis显示文摘在染色体宽的技术的最近的进展与各种各样的尺寸 ineukaryotes 允许几千非编码的 RNA 的鉴定,其中一些进一步被显示了在许多生物进程服务重要函数。然而在 modelplant Arabidopsis,新奇中介大小的 ncRNAs (im-ncRNAs )(50 ~ 300 nt ) 很限制了信息。由与深定序的技术使用修改隔离 strategycombined,我们全球性在 Arabidopsis 识别了 838 im-ncRNAs。多于一半(58%) 是新 ncRNA 种类,主要进化分叉。有趣地,与 5-UTR-derived 小说 im-ncRNAs 注解了 protein-codinggenes 趋于高度被表示。为 intergenic im-ncRNAs,他们比得上在幼苗的 mRNAs 的平均 abundanceswere,而是子集,在开始衰老的展出显著地更低的表示离开。进一步, intergenic im-ncRNAs 被调整由类似基因并且编码蛋白质的基因的到那些的 epigenetic 机制,和 someshowed 发展地调整了表示模式。基因屏蔽显示出的大规模颠倒 down-regulationof 很多 im-ncRNAs 在 vivo 导致了明显的分子的变化或反常发展显型,在植物生长和开发显示 im-ncRNAs 的功能的重要性。一起,我们的结果证明 thatnovel Arabidopsis im-ncRNAs 发展地被调整,功能的部件在 transcriptome.Key 词发现了: | Yuqiu Wang Xuncheng Wang Wei Deng Xiuduo Fan Ting-Ting Liu Guangming He Runsheng Chen William Terzaghi Danmeng Zhu Xing Wang Deng | 2014 | Molecular Plant2014，7，3： | 9 |
| 5 | COMPOSITE SOFT SWITCHING CONFIGURATION FOR INVERTERS USING BRIDGE LEG MODULES显示文摘The use of either lossless snubbers or resonant zero voltage switching (ZVS) and zero current switching (ZCS) techniques can increase efficiency and reduce electromagnetic inter ference (EMI) and noise of industrial power equipment at high switching frequencies. This paper presents an adaptive composite soft switching configuration which combines snubber functions and resonant ZCS circuits for switches in inverters using power bridge leg modules. Simulation and experimental results are included. | He Xiangning Yang Yuwen (Dept of Electrical Eng., Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027)Kuang Sheng(Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K.)Barry W. Williams Stephen J. Finney(Dept. of Computing & Electrical Eng., Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K.) | 2001 | Journal of Electronics(China)2001，18，1： | 7 |
| 6 | Enhanced Vitamin C Production Mediated by an ABA-Induced PTP-like Nucleotidase Improves Plant Drought Tolerance in Arabidopsis and Maize显示文摘Abscisic acid(ABA)is a key phytohormone that mediates environmental stress responses.Vitamin C,or L-ascorbic acid(AsA),is the most abundant antioxidant protecting against stress damage in plants.How the ABA and AsA signaling pathways interact in stress responses remains elusive.In this study,we characterized the role of a previously unidentified gene,PTPN(PTP-like Nucleotidase)in plant drought tolerance.In Arabidopsis,(AtPTPN was expressed in multiple tissues and upregulated by ABA and drought treatments.Loss-of-function mutants oiAtPTPN were hyposensitive to ABA but hypersensitive to drought stresses,whereas plants with enhanced expression AtPTPN showed opposite phenotypes to.Overexpression of maize PTPN(ZmPTPN)promoted,while knockdown oiZmPTPN inhibited plant drought tolerance,indicating conserved and positive roles of PTPN in plant drought tolerance.We found that both AtPTPN and ZmPTPN release Pi by hydrolyzing GDP/GMP/dGMP/IMP/dIMP,and that AtPTPN positively regulated AsA production via endogenous Pi content control.Consistently,overexpression of VTC2,the rate-limiting synthetic enzyme in AsA biosynthesis,promoted AsA production and plant drought tolerance,and these effects were largely dependent on AtPTPN activity.Furthermore,we demonstrated that the heat shock transcription factor HSFA6a directly binds the AtPTPN promoter and activates AtPTPN expression.Genetic analyses showed that AtPTPN is required for HSFA6a to regulate ABA and drought responses.Taken together,our data indicate that PTPN-mediated crosstalk between the ABA signaling and AsA biosynthesis pathways positively controls plant drought tolerance. | Hui Zhang Yanli Xiang Neng He Xiangguo Liu Hongbo Liu Liping Fang Fei Zhang Xiaopeng Sun Delin Zhang Xingwang Li William Terzaghi Jianbing Yan Mingqiu Dai | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，5： | 7 |
| 7 | Ocean surface wave measurements from fully polarimetric SAR imagery显示文摘A new method for the retrieval of ocean wave parameters from SAR imagery is developed,based on the shape-from-shading(SFS)technique.Previously,the SFS technique has been used in the reconstruction of 3D landform information from SAR images,in order to generate elevation maps of topography for land surfaces.Here,in order to retrieve ocean wave characteristics,we apply the SFS methodology,together with a method to orient the angular measurements of the azimuth slope and range slope,in the measurement of ocean surface waves.This method is applied to high resolution fine-quad polarization mode(HH,VV,VH and HV)C-band RADARSAT-2 SAR imagery,in order to retrieve ocean wave spectra and extract wave parameters.Collocated in situ buoy measurements are used to validate the reliability of this method.Results show that the method can reliably estimate wave height,dominant wave period,dominant wave length and dominant wave direction from C-band SAR images.The advantage of this method is that it does not depend on modulation transfer functions(MTFs),in order to measure ocean surface waves.This method can be used in monitoring ocean surface wave propagation through open water areas into ice-covered areas,especially the marginal ice zone(MIZ)in polar oceans. | XIE Tao William PERRIE HE YiJun LI HaiYan FANG He ZHAO ShangZhuo YU WenJin | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，10： | 6 |
| 8 | Ferroptosis as a novel form of regulated cell death:Implications in the pathogenesis,oncometabolism and treatment of human cancer显示文摘The treatment of cancer mainly involves surgical excision supplemented by radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Chemotherapy drugs act by interfering with tumor growth and inducing the death of cancer cells.Anti-tumor drugs were developed to induce apoptosis,but some patient’s show apoptosis escape and chemotherapy resistance.Therefore,other forms of cell death that can overcome the resistance of tumor cells are important in the context of cancer treatment.Ferroptosis is a newly discovered iron-dependent,non-apoptotic type of cell death that is highly negatively correlated with cancer development.Ferroptosis is mainly caused by the abnormal increase in iron-dependent lipid reactive oxygen species and the imbalance of redox homeostasis.This review summarizes the progression and regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis in cancer and discusses its possible clinical applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment. | Feifei Pu Fengxia Chen Zhicai Zhang Deyao Shi Binlong Zhong Xiao Lv Andrew Blake Tucker Jiaming Fan Alexander J.Li Kevin Qin Daniel Hu Connie Chen Hao Wang Fang He Na Ni Linjuan Huang Qing Liu William Wagstaff Hue H.Luu Rex C.Haydon Le Shen Tong-Chuan He Jianxiang Liu Zengwu Shao | 2022 | Genes & Diseases2022，9，2： | 6 |
| 9 | Arabidopsis DET1 Represses Photomorphogenesis in Part by Negatively Regulating DELLA Protein Abundance in Darkness显示文摘DET1 否定地在黑暗中调整 DELLA 蛋白质丰富。 | Kunlun Li Zhaoxu Gao Hang He William Terzaghi Liu-Min Fan Xing Wang Deng Haodong Chen | 2015 | Molecular Plant2015，8，4： | 4 |
| 10 | 经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES)治疗结直肠癌的国际共识显示文摘近年来,经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES)治疗结直肠癌已引起了广泛关注。NOSES应用于结直肠手术的潜在优势包括减轻术后疼痛,减少伤口并发症,减少对术后镇痛的需求,加快肠道功能的恢复,缩短住院时间,更好的美容效果,以及给患者带来了更佳的心理状态。尽管NOSES的手术创伤显著减轻,然而该技术也存在一些潜在问题。尤其随着这项新技术的兴起,人们对其无菌的把控、肿瘤学结果和病例选择等问题表示出关切。因此,迫切需要一部操作指南来规范NOSES手术在结直肠癌中的开展。经过国际NOSES联盟全体成员的三轮讨论,最终形成了该部共识。这一共识有助于NOSES在全球范围内的长远发展。 | Xu Guan Zheng Liu Antonio Longo Jian-Chun Cai William Tzu-Liang Chen Lu-Chuan Chen Ho-Kyung Chun Joaquim Manuel da Costa Pereira Sergey Efetov Ricardo Escalante Qing-Si He Jun-Hong Hu Cuneyt Kayaalp Seon-Hahn Kim Jim S.Khan Li-Jen Kuo Atsushi Nishimura Fernanda Nogueira Junji Okuda Avanish Saklani Ali A.Shafik Ming-Yin Shen Jung-Tack Son Jun-Min Song Dong-Hui Sun Keisuke Uehara Gui-Yu Wang Ye Wei Zhi-Guo Xiong Hong-Liang Yao Gang Yu Shao-Jun Yu Hai-Tao Zhou Suk-Hwan Lee Petr V.Tsarkov Chuan-Gang Fu Xi-Shan Wang The International Alliance of NOSES | 2019 | Gastroenterology Report2019，7，1： | 3 |
| 11 | A CRISPR/Cas12a-empowered surface plasmon resonance platform for rapid and specific diagnosis of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2显示文摘The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic was partially due to the challenge of identifying asymptomatic and presymptomatic carriers of the virus,and thus highlights a strong motivation for diagnostics with high sensitivity that can be rapidly deployed.On the other hand,several concerning SARS-CoV-2 variants,including Omicron,are required to be identified as soon as the samples are identified as‘positive’.Unfortunately,a traditional PCR test does not allow their specific identification.Herein,for the first time,we have developed MOPCS(Methodologies of Photonic CRISPR Sensing),which combines an optical sensing technology-surface plasmon resonance(SPR)with the‘gene scissors’clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat(CRISPR)technique to achieve both high sensitivity and specificity when it comes to measurement of viral variants.MOPCS is a low-cost,CRISPR/Cas12a-systemempowered SPR gene-detecting platform that can analyze viral RNA,without the need for amplification,within 38 min from sample input to results output,and achieve a limit of detection of 15 fM.MOPCS achieves a highly sensitive analysis of SARS-CoV-2,and mutations appear in variants B.1.617.2(Delta),B.1.1.529(Omicron)and BA.1(a subtype of Omicron).This platform was also used to analyze some recently collected patient samples from a local outbreak in China,identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.This innovative CRISPR-empowered SPR platform will further contribute to the fast,sensitive and accurate detection of target nucleic acid sequences with single-base mutations. | Zhi Chen Jingfeng Li Tianzhong Li Taojian Fan Changle Meng Chaozhou Li Jianlong Kang Luxiao Chai Yabin Hao Yuxuan Tang Omar AAl-Hartomy Swelm Wageh Abdullah GAl-Sehemi Zhiguang Luo Jiangtian Yu Yonghong Shao Defa Li Shuai Feng William J.Liu Yaqing He Xiaopeng Ma Zhongjian Xie Han Zhang | 2022 | National Science Review2022，9，8： | 3 |
| 12 | Differentiation renders susceptibility to excitotoxicity in HT22 neurons显示文摘HT22 is an immortalized mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line that does not express cholinergic and glutamate receptors like mature hippocampal neurons in vivo.This in part prevents its use as a model for mature hippocampal neurons in memory-related studies.We now report that HT22 cells were appropriately induced to differentiate and possess properties similar to those of mature hippocampal neurons in vivo,such as becoming more glutamate-receptive and excitatory.Results showed that sensitivity of HT22 cells to glutamate-induced toxicity changed dramatically when comparing undifferentiated with differentiated cells,with the half-effective concentration for differentiated cells reducing approximately two orders of magnitude.Moreover,glutamate-induced toxicity in differentiated cells,but not undifferentiated cells,was inhibited by the N-methyl-Daspartate receptor antagonists MK-801 and memantine.Evidently,differentiated HT22 cells expressed N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors,while undifferentiated cells did not.Our experimental findings indicated that differentiation is important for immortalized cell lines to render post-mitotic neuronal properties,and that differentiated HT22 neurons represent a better model of hippocampal neurons than undifferentiated cells. | Minchao He Jun Liu haowu Cheng Yigang Xing William Z Suo | 2013 | Neural Regeneration Research2013，8，14： | 3 |
| 13 | The Blue Light-Dependent Phosphorylation of the CCE Domain Determines the Photosensitivity of Arabidopsis CRY2显示文摘CRY2 的 C 终端尾巴的蓝轻依赖者的 Phosphorylation。 | Qin Wang William D. Barshop Mingdi Bian Ajay A. Vashisht Reqing He Xuhong Yu Bin Liu Paula Nguyen Xuanming Liu Xiaoying Zhao James A. Wohlschlegel Chentao Lin | 2015 | Molecular Plant2015，8，4： | 3 |
| 14 | Oil spill detection on the ocean surface using hybrid polarimetric SAR imagery显示文摘Hybrid-polarimetric SAR(synthetic aperture radar) is a new SAR mode, with relatively simple architecture, low cost, and wide swath, which will be carried by several Earth-observing systems from now to the near future. Here, we show how the second Stokes parameter of hybrid-polarimetric SAR can be employed to detect oil on the ocean surface using the classic well-known Otsu threshold methodology, in relation to contributions from different polarizations and dampening effects on backscatter intensity, neglecting the specific scattering mechanisms and oil types for an oil-covered surface. The detection methodology is demonstrated to be reliable in three example cases: oil-on-water experiments conducted by the Norwegian Clean Seas Association, natural oil seeps from the Gulf of Mexico, and observations from the Deep Water Horizon oil spill disaster in 2010. | LI HaiYan PERRIE William ZHOU YuanZe HE YiJun | 2016 | Science China Earth Sciences2016，59，2： | 2 |
| 15 | Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery显示文摘 | Lingmin He Katrina Sheehy William Culbertson | 2011 | Current Opinion in Ophthalmology2011，，1： | 2 |
| 16 | Development of an educational cartoon to prevent worm infections in Chinese schoolchildren显示文摘Background:With more than two billion people infected worldwide,soil-transmitted helminths(STH)are the most widespread infections.To date,STH control efforts rely predominantly on recurrent mass drug administration(MDA),which does not prevent reinfection.Additional public health measures including novel health educational tools are required for more sustained integrated control of STH.We describe the development of an educational cartoon video(The Magic Glasses)targeting STH infections in Chinese schoolchildren and its pilot testing in China.We applied an extensive community-based mixed methods approach involving input from the target group of 9–10 year old schoolchildren and key informants,such as teachers,doctors and parents,in order to identify potential STH infection risks in the study area and to formulate key messages for the cartoon.The development of the educational cartoon included three major steps:formative research,production,and pilot testing and revision.Results:We found that most adults and approximately 50%of the schoolchildren were aware of roundworm(Ascaris)infection,but knowledge of transmission,prevention and treatment of STH was poor.Observations in the study area showed that unhygienic food practices,such as eating raw and unwashed fruit or playing in vegetable gardens previously fertilised with human faeces,posed major STH infection risks.Conclusions:It was crucial to assess the intellectual,emotional,social and cultural background of the target population prior to video production in order to integrate the key messages of the cartoon into everyday situations.Overall,our strategy for the development of the cartoon and its incorporation into a health education package proved successful,and we provide a summary of recommendations for the development of future educational videos based on our experiences in China. | Franziska A Bieri Li-Ping Yuan Yue-Sheng Li Yong-Kang He Andrew Bedford Robert S Li Feng-Ying Guo Sheng-Ming Li Gail M Williams Donald P McManus Giovanna Raso Darren J Gray | 2013 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2013，2，1： | 2 |
| 17 | A comparative study of deformable contour methods on medical image segmentation显示文摘 | Lei He Zhigang Peng Bryan Everding Xun Wang Chia Y. Han Kenneth L. Weiss William G. Wee | 2007 | Image and Vision Computing2007，，2： | 2 |
| 18 | Electrophysiology and genetic testing in the precision medicine of congenital deafness:A review显示文摘Background:Congenital hearing loss is remarkably heterogeneous,with over 130 deafness genes and thousands of variants,making for innumerable genotype/phenotype combinations.Understanding both the pathophysiology of hearing loss and molecular site of lesion along the auditory pathway permits for significantly individualized counseling.Electrophysiologic techniques such as electrocochleography(ECochG)and electrically-evoked compound action potentials(eCAP)are being studied to localize pathology and estimate residual cochlear vs.neural health.This review describes the expanding roles of genetic and electrophysiologic evaluation in the precision medicine of congenital hearing loss.The basics of genetic mutations in hearing loss and electrophysiologic testing(ECochG and eCAP)are reviewed,and how they complement each other in the diagnostics and prognostication of hearing outcomes.Used together,these measures improve the understanding of insults to the auditory system,allowing for individualized counseling for CI candidacy/outcomes or other habilitation strategies.Conclusion:Despite tremendous discovery in deafness genes,the effects of individual genes on neural function remain poorly understood.Bridging the understanding between molecular genotype and neural and functional phenotype is paramount to interpreting genetic results in clinical practice.The future hearing healthcare provider must consolidate an ever-increasing amount of genetic and phenotypic information in the precision medicine of hearing loss. | Kevin Y.Zhan Oliver F.Adunka Adrien Eshraghi William J.Riggs Sandra M.Prentiss Denise Yan Fred F.Telischi Xuezhong Liu Shuman He | 2021 | Journal of Otology2021，16，1： | 2 |
| 19 | Melanoma:Molecular genetics,metastasis,targeted therapies,immunotherapies,and therapeutic resistance显示文摘Cutaneous melanoma is a common cancer and cases have steadily increased since the mid 70s.For some patients,early diagnosis and surgical removal of melanomas is lifesaving,while other patients typically turn to molecular targeted therapies and immunotherapies as treatment options.Easy sampling of melanomas allows the scientific community to identify the most prevalent mutations that initiate melanoma such as the BRAF,NRAS,and TERT genes,some of which can be therapeutically targeted.Though initially effective,many tumors acquire resistance to the targeted therapies demonstrating the need to investigate compensatory pathways.Immunotherapies represent an alternative to molecular targeted therapies.However,inter-tumoral immune cell populations dictate initial therapeutic response and even tumors that responded to treatment develop resistance in the long term.As the protocol for combination therapies develop,so will our scientific understanding of the many pathways at play in the progression of melanoma.The future direction of the field may be to find a molecule that connects all of the pathways.Meanwhile,noncoding RNAs have been shown to play important roles in melanoma development and progression.Studying noncoding RNAs may help us to understand how resistance e both primary and acquired e develops;ultimately allow us to harness the true potential of current therapies.This review will cover the basic structure of the skin,the mutations and pathways responsible for transforming melanocytes into melanomas,the process by which melanomas metastasize,targeted therapeutics,and the potential that noncoding RNAs have as a prognostic and treatment tool. | William Wagstaff Rimel N.Mwamba Karina Grullon Mikhayla Armstrong Piao Zhao Bryce Hendren-Santiago Kevin H.Qin Alexander J.Li Daniel A.Hu Andrew Youssef Russell R.Reid Hue H.Luu Le Shen Tong-Chuan He Rex C.Haydon | 2022 | Genes & Diseases2022，9，6： | 2 |
| 20 | Integration of Cytological Features with Molecular and Epigenetic Properties of Rice Chromosome 4显示文摘米饭染色体 4 在包含不同颜色的一半以内有八主要包含不同颜色的旋钮并且这个组织与 chromosomal 水平 transcriptional 活动相关,这被报导了。更好理解这个 chromosomal 组织,我们基于基因模型的各种各样的类型的统计分发创造了一个模型把染色体 4 划分成与 cytological 染色相应的 17 euchromatic 和包含不同颜色的区域。在原处,杂交(鱼) 试验使用一套细菌的人工的染色体(用绳子拖的平底渡船) 的荧光从染色体 4 克隆把所有 18 克隆放在模型预言的区域。而这二修正的底层在包含不同颜色的区域被检测, chromatin-immunoprecipitation (薄片) 在薄片上检测的 H3K4 di-methylation 和 tri-methylation 的提高的层次与 euchromatic 区域被相关。小 RNA 更充满包含不同颜色的区域。为了验证这些调查结果, H3K4 trimethylation, H3K9 acetylation, H4K12 acetylation,和 H3K9, 19 单个基因的 di-methylation 和 tri-methylation 被 ChIPPCR 测量。当在 euchromatic 区域的基因提高了另外的三修正的层次时,在包含不同颜色的区域的基因提高了 H3K9 di-methylation 和 tri-methylation。我们另外用限制酶 McrBC, HapII,和 Msp 的这些基因的 assayed cytosine methylation 我。这分析显示了位于包含不同颜色的区域的 transposable 元素和一些基因的那 cytosines 当另外的基因的 cytosines 是 unmethylated 时,是 methylated。这些结果建议那项本地 transcriptional 活动可以反映染色体的相应部分的组织。他们也显示那条 epigenetic 规定与 transcriptional 活动在相关 chromosomal 组织起一个重要作用。 | Ben-Liang Yin Lan GUO Dong-Fen Zhang William Terzaghi Xiang-Feng Wang Ting-Ting Liu Hang He Zhu-Kuan Cheng Xing Wang Deng | 2008 | Molecular Plant2008，1，5： | 2 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员