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| 1 | The Genome of Dendrobium officinale Illuminates the Biology of the Important Traditional Chinese Orchid Herb显示文摘 | Liang Yan Xiao Wang Hui Liu Yang Tian Jinmin Lian Ruijuan Yang ShumeiHao Xuanjun Wang Shengchao Yang Qiye Li Shuai Qi Ling Kui Moses Okpekum Xiao Ma Jiajin Zhang Zhaoli Ding Guojie Zhang Wen Wang Yang Dong Jun Sheng | 2015 | Molecular Plant2015，8，6： | 64 |
| 2 | Serum vascular endothelial growth factor is a potential biomarker of metastatic recurrence after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘INTRODUCTIONHepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the mostcommon malignancies in China.To date,surgery is stillthe best solution to it.However,metastatic recurrencesafter curative hepatic resections are very common.Tang etal have reported that recurrence rate within 5 years | Qi Niu Zhao You Tang Zeng Chen Ma Lun Xiu Qin Lian Hai Zhang | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000，6，4： | 20 |
| 3 | Oroxindin inhibits macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome activation in DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice via suppressing TXNIP-dependent NF-κB pathway显示文摘Oroxindin is a flavonoid isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Huang-Qin,which has shown various pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory,antitumor,antioxidant,etc.Thus far,the effect of oroxindin on colonic inflammation and the underlying mechanism remain unknown.In this study,we investigated the tissue distribution of oroxindin and its therapeutic effects on ulcerative colitis(UC)as well as the underlying mechanisms.UC model was established in mice by administrating dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)in drinking water for 7 d.We first showed that oroxindin was largely absorbed by the colon as an active ingredient after normal mice received Huang-Qin-Tang,a traditional Chinese medicine decoction.UC mice were then treated with oroxindin(12.5,25,50 mg-kg^-1·d^-1,i.g.)for 10 d.We found that oroxindin treatment greatly suppressed massive macrophages infiltration and attenuated pathological changes in colonic tissue.Furthermore,oroxindin treatment significantly inhibited the generation of IL-13 and IL-18 in the colon via inhibiting the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3(NLRP3)inflammasome formation and activation.In cultured macrophages,LPS induced NLRp3 inflammasome formation and caspase-1 activation,which were suppressed by oroxindin(12.5-50μM).In LPS-treated macrophages,oroxindin dose-dependently restored the expression of TXNIP protein,leading to suppressing TXNIP-dependent NF-κB activation.In conclusion,these results demonstrate that oroxindin could be absorbed by the colon and attenuate inflammatory responses via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome formation and activation,which is related to the inhibitory effect on TXNIP-dependent NF-κB-signaling pathway.Hence,oroxindin has the potential of becoming an effective drug for treating UC. | Qi Liu Rui Zuo Kai Wang Fei-fei Nong Ya-jun Fu Shao-wei Huang Zeng-feng Pan Yi Zhang Xia Luo Xiang-liang Deng Xiao-xue Zhang Lian Zhou Yang Chen | 2020 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2020，41，6： | 15 |
| 4 | OsRFPH2-10, a RING-H2 Finger E3 Ubiquitin Ligase, Is Involved in Rice Antiviral Defense in the Early Stages of Rice dwarf virus Infection显示文摘 | Lifang Liu Lian Jin Xiahe Huang Yongtao Geng Feng Li Qingqing Qin Rui Wang Shaoyi Ji Shanshan Zhao Qi Xie Chunhong Wei Can Xie Biao Ding Yi Li | 2014 | Molecular Plant2014，7，6： | 11 |
| 5 | Design of precision variable-rate spray system for unmanned aerial vehicle using automatic control method显示文摘In order to reduce the use of chemical pesticides in crop plant protection and improve the utilization efficiency of pesticides,it is necessary to study advanced application machinery and application techniques.The use of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)for pesticide spraying has the characteristics of less application,strong penetrability,wide applicability and flexible operation scheduling,and has gradually become one of the important development directions in the field of aviation plant protection.However,the operation process of the UAV is often affected by meteorological factors and human manipulation,resulting in poor actual operation with inaccurate spray volume and uneven application.Therefore,to improve the stability and uniformity of the application of the plant protection UAV under variable operating conditions,in this paper a real-time control method was proposed for the application flow rate,and a precision variable-rate spray system was designed based on single-chip microcomputer and micro diaphragm pump that can controls the flow rate of the pump in real time with the changes of the operating state.The response s-peed of the variable-rate spray system was tested.The average control response time of the system was 0.18 s,and the average stability time of the pump flow change was 0.75 s.The test results showed that the system has a quick response to the working state and the adjustment of the target flow of the pump can be quickly completed to realize the variable-rate spray function.The research results can provide a reference for the practical application of plant protection UAV variable-rate spray system. | Qi Lian Feng Tan Xiaoming Fu Ping Zhang Xin Liu Wei Zhang | 2019 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2019，12，2： | 10 |
| 6 | Cardioprotective effects of ghrelin and des-octanoyl ghrelin on myocardial injury induced by isoproterenol in rats显示文摘<正> Aim:To determine the cardioprotective action of ghrelin and des-octanoyl ghrelinin rats with isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury.Methods:Rats were subcu-taneously injected with isoproterenol (ISO;20,10,and 5 mg/kg) on d 1,2 and 3,respectively,and then 3 mg/kg for the next 7d with or without ghrelin or des-octanoyl-ghrelin (100μg/kg,twice daily).Plasma ghrelin and growth hormonelevels were assayed using radioimmunoassay methods.Growth hormone secreta-gogue receptor (GHSR) and ghrelin mRNA were determined using RT-PCR.Themaximal binding capacity and the affinity for [~3H]ghrelin were determined by re-ceptor binding assays.Results:Compared with controls,ISO-treated rats showedsevere myocardial injury,cardiomegaly,infarction-like necrosis and massive fi-brosis with increases in irradiated-ghrelin (ir-ghrelin) content in plasma by 67%and myocardia by 66% and in the mRNA level in the myocardia by 93% (P<0.01).ISO-treated rats had 95% (P<0.01) higher GHSR mRNA levels in the myocardia.The maximal binding capacity of [~3H]ghrelin for myocardial sarcolemma was higherin ISO-treated rats than in controls.Ghrelin administration improved cardiac func-tion and ameliorated cardiomegaly and attenuated myocardial lipid peroxidationinjury and relieved cardiac fibrosis as compared with ISO treatment alone.Admin-istration of des-octanoyl ghrelin effectively antagonized ISO-induced myocardialinjury and improved all parameters measured.However,the therapeutic effect ofdes-octanoyl ghrelin was significantly weaker than that of ghrelin.The plasmagrowth hormone level increased markedly,by 1.5-fold (P<0.01),with ghrelinadministration as compared with that in controls,but was unaltered in the des-octanoyl ghrelin group.Conclusion:Myocardial ghrelin and GHSR were up-regulated during ISO-induced myocardial injury.The protective effect of ghrelinagainst ISO-induced cardiac function injury and fibrosis was more potent thanthat of des-octanoyl ghrelin,which suggests that ghrelin could be an endog-enous cardioprotective factor in ischemic heart disease,and that its effects in-clude growth hormone-dependent and-independent pathways. | Lian LI Li-ke ZHANG Yong-zheng PANG Chun-shui PAN Yong-fen QI Li CHEN Xian WANG Chao-shu TANG Jing ZHANG | 2006 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2006，27，5： | 9 |
| 7 | Relations of Budd-Chiari syndrome to prothrombin gene mutation显示文摘BACKGROUND: Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a type of disease characterized by portal hypertension and/or hy- pertension of the inferior vena cava (IVC) due to the ob- struction of the hepatic veins (HV) and/or intrahepatic IVC outlet. Being etiologically complicated and obscure, BCS can be acquired or idiopathic and several gene muta- tions may be contributable. This study was to explore whether prothrombin gene mutation (F G20210A) takes part in the pathogenesis of BCS and to investigate their cor- relativity. METHODS: In 38 proven BCS patients and 70 controls, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length poly- morphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to find F G20210A mutation. To detect whether there are any mutations, four steps were taken: purification of genome DNA from whole blood, amplification of special fragment by polymerase chain reaction, digestion of the fragment via restriction en- donuclease, and analysis of results by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: F G20210A mutation was not detected in all patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS: No F G20210A mutation exists in Chi- nese patients with BCS, nor correlativity between the oc- currence of BCS and F G20210A mutation. The etiology of BCS in the Chinese needs further investigation. | Guo-Ling Lin, Pei-Qin Xu, Hua Qi, Jian-Hua Lian, Hong Zheng and Xiao-Wei Dang Zhengzhou, ChinaDepartment of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospi- tal of Zhengzhou University the Faculty of Cytobiology and Medical Genetics, Medical School, Zhengzhou Univer- sity , Zhengzhou 450052, China | 2004 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2004，3，2： | 9 |
| 8 | Wind tunnel experimental study on droplet drift reduction by a conical electrostatic nozzle for pesticide spraying显示文摘Droplet drift wastes pesticide,pollutes the environment,and has become one of the focus issues of agricultural crop protection.Electrostatic spray technology reduces drift to a certain degree.In order to investigate the droplet drift pattern of a conical electrostatic nozzle,the droplet drift mass center distance was defined as an experimental index and used to conduct experimental wind tunnel studies on droplet drift.A mathematical model of the droplet drift mass center distance versus electrostatic voltage and wind speed was created via the regression method.The test results showed that the electrostatic voltage had an insignificant effect on droplet drift,the wind speed and its interaction with the electrostatic voltage had significant effects on droplet drift.When the wind speed was less than 3 m/s and stable,the crop adsorbability of a droplet had a dominant effect on the droplet drift;the droplet drift decreased with the increase of electrostatic voltage.When the wind speed exceeded 3 m/s and was stable,the reduced droplet particle size had a dominant effect on droplet drift,where droplet drift increased as the electrostatic voltage increased.When the wind speed was 0 m/s and the electrostatic voltage was 12 kV,the minimum droplet drift mass center distance was 35.5 mm,which was 56 mm less than that of conventional nozzle droplet drift.Therefore,a conical electrostatic nozzle is inapplicable for operation in an environment where wind speeds exceed 3 m/s.This study provides a reference for optimizing operational parameters of conical electrostatic nozzles and improving the anti-drift capability of droplets. | Zhang Wei Hou Yongrui Liu Xin Lian Qi Fu Xiaoming Zhang Bo Wang Haiyang Wang Yingqian | 2017 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2017，10，3： | 8 |
| 9 | Design and test of a six-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)electrostatic spraying system for crop protection显示文摘In recent years,multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)crop protection operations have experienced tremendous growth.Compared with manual operations,they have advantages such as high operational efficiency,small pesticide dosage,and low pesticide hazards for humans.However,the tiny droplets produced during UAV spraying for crop protection are affected by the rotor air flow and will drift in all directions in an uncontrollable manner,severely affecting the pesticide deposition pattern and resulting in pesticide waste.To improve pesticide use efficiency during multi-rotor UAV spraying,an electrostatic spray system was designed based on electrostatic spray technology and a six-rotor UAV.The proper operation parameters for the UAV electrostatic spray were determined by test,which were spray altitude of 50 cm above the crop,spray pressure of 0.3 MPa and charging voltage of 9 kV.Field test was performed based on these parameters.The results showed that compared with non-electrostatic spray,the electrostatic spray improved by 13.6%in the average deposition density above the sampling device and 32.6%in the middle.The research can provide a reference for designing multi-rotor UAV electrostatic spray devices. | Zhang Yanliang Lian Qi Zhang Wei | 2017 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2017，10，6： | 8 |
| 10 | Acquisition of deleterious mutations duringpotato polyploidization显示文摘Potatoes(Solanum tuberosum L.) represent an important tuber crop, worldwide. During its prolonged clonal propagation, numerous deleterious mutations have accumulated in the potato genome,leading to severe inbreeding depression; however,the shaping of this mutation burden during polyploidization and improvement is largely unknown.Here, we sequenced 20 diploid landraces of the Stenotomum group, eight tetraploid landraces, and 20 tetraploid modern cultivars, to analyze variations in their deleterious mutations. We show that deleterious mutations accumulated rapidly during the polyploidization of tetraploid potatoes. This study provides a foundation for future potato improvement. | Qun Lian Die Tang Zhiyan Bai Jianjian Qi Fei Lu Sanwen Huang Chunzhi Zhang | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2019，61，1： | 8 |
| 11 | Photolysis of organic pollutants in wastewater with 206 nm UV irradiation显示文摘新型的紫外轻来源(206 nm ) 第一次在废水为器官的污染物质的降级被探索。triphenyltin 氯化物(TPTCl ) 的降级表演,暗淡乙醇 phthalate (DMP ) ,以及玫瑰精 B (RhB ) 被调查。结果显示了 50 mg/L RhB, 60 mg/L DMP 和 120 mg/L TPTCl 的那移动效率能分别地为 60 min, 50 min 和 75 min 到达 88.6% , 92.5% 和 89.4% 。由移动效率的比较,我们发现 206 nm 比在废水处理紫外的 253.7 nm 优异,暗示分解在废水的器官的污染物质是一种有效、有希望、值得的探索技术。 | Zhao Lian Ye Chang Qing Cao Jin Cong He Ren Xi Zhang Hui Qi Hou | 2009 | Chinese Chemical Letters2009，20，6： | 7 |
| 12 | The association of lumican polymorphisms and high myopia in a Southern Chinese population显示文摘AIM:To investigate the correlation between lumican(LUM) gene and high myopia in a Southern Chinese population.METHODS:The study comprised of 95 high myopia patients with a spherical equivalent ≤-6.5 diopters(D).The control group recruited 95 individuals with a spherical equivalent ranging from-0.5 D to +0.5 D.Direct sequencing was used to detect the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of LUM gene in coding region.Genotype distributions were tested for Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium.Genotypic and allelic frequencies were analyzed through Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test.RESULTS:We identified 3 SNPs of the LUM gene:LUM c.32(rs577456426),LUM c.507(rs17853500) and LUM c.849(rs181915277).Among the three SNPs,the genotype and allele frequencies of rs17853500 showed a significant difference between patients and control subjects(P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences in rs181915277 and rs577456426 between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:LUM c.507 polymorphism may be a risk factor for the pathogenesis of high myopia in the Southern Chinese population. | Gui-Fang Wang Qing-Shan Ji Bing Qi Guo-Cheng Yu Lian Liu Jing-Xiang Zhong | 2017 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2017，10，10： | 6 |
| 13 | Chemical constituents from endophytic fungus Plectosphaerella cucumerina YCTA2Z1 of Cynanchum auriculatum显示文摘Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the Et OAc extract of endophytic fungal Plectosphaerella cucumerina YCTA2 Z1.Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel column,Sephadex LH-20,and reverse-phase C-18 column chromatography as well as crystallization.Results: Thirteen compounds were isolated from the EtOAc extract of the fungal strain YCTA2 Z1.Their chemical structures were elucidated according to the spectral evidence.They were identified as caudatin(1),baishouwubenzophenone(2),cynandione B(3),asterbatanoside A(4),p-hydroxyphenethyl-O-β-D-glycoside(5),caffeic acid(6),ferulic acid(7),2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone(8),protocatechuic acid(9),vanillic acid(10),stearic acid(11),azelaic acid(12),and succinic acid(13).Conclusions: It is the first chemical study on endophytic fungi from Cynanchum auriculatum and all the compounds are obtained from the species,the genus,as well as the family Plectosphaerellaceae for the first time. | Xiao-Jie Gu Ke Ren Nan Yao Song Yan Jian-Fei Zhao Xing-Ying Jiang Qi Lian | 2018 | Chinese Herbal Medicines2018，10，1： | 6 |
| 14 | Long-term anodal block stimulation at sacral anterior roots promoted recovery of neurogenic bladder function in a rabbit model of complete spinal cord injury显示文摘A complete spinal cord injury model was established in experimental rabbits using the spinal cord clip compression method.Urodynamic examination was performed 2 weeks later to determine neurogenic bladder status.The rabbits were treated with anodal block stimulation at sacral anterior roots for 4 weeks.Electrical stimulation of sacral anterior roots improved urodynamic parameters of neurogenic bladder in rabbit models of complete spinal cord injury,effectively promoted urinary function,and relieved urinary retention.Immunohistochemistry results showed that a balance was achieved among expression of muscarinic receptor subunits M2,M3,ATP-gated ion channel P2X3 receptors,and β2-adrenergic receptor,and nerve growth factor expression decreased.These results suggested that long-term sacral anterior root stimulation of anodal block could be used to treat neurogenic bladder in a rabbit model of complete spinal cord injury. | Xiaoran Wang Qi Gao Xiaoyu Yang Weihua Wang Xinquan Gu Guifeng Liu Peng Yan Ge Gao Xin Yu Yongjie Wang Jihu Lian Chaoling Shi Yao Wang Li Fan | 2012 | Neural Regeneration Research2012，7，5： | 6 |
| 15 | Jointly Recommending Library Books and Predicting Academic Performance: A Mutual Reinforcement Perspective显示文摘 | De-Fu Lian Qi Liu | 2018 | Journal of Computer Science & Technology2018，33，4： | 5 |
| 16 | Human adenovirus(HAdV)infection in children with acute respiratory tract infections in Guangzhou,China,2010–2021:a molecular epidemiology study显示文摘Background Human adenovirus(HAdV)infection can cause a variety of diseases.It is a major pathogen of pediatric acute respiratory tract infections(ARIs)and can be life-threatening in younger children.We described the epidemiology and subtypes shifting of HAdV among children with ARI in Guangzhou,China.Methods We conducted a retrospective study of 161,079 children diagnosed with acute respiratory illness at the Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center between 2010 and 2021.HAdV specimens were detected by real-time PCR and the hexon gene was used for phylogenetic analysis.Results Before the COVID-19 outbreak in Guangzhou,the annual frequency of adenovirus infection detected during this period ranged from 3.92%to 13.58%,with an epidemic peak every four to fve years.HAdV demonstrated a clear seasonal distribution,with the lowest positivity in March and peaking during summer(July or August)every year.A signifcant increase in HAdV cases was recorded for 2018 and 2019,which coincided with a shift in the dominant HAdV subtype from HAdV-3 to HAdV-7.The latter was associated with a more severe disease compared to HAdV-3.The average mortality proportion for children infected with HAdV from 2016 to 2019 was 0.38%but increased to 20%in severe cases.After COVID-19 emerged,HAdV cases dropped to 2.68%,suggesting that non-pharmaceutical interventions probably reduced the transmission of HAdV in the community.Conclusion Our study provides the foundation for the understanding of the epidemiology of HAdV and its associated risks in children in Southern China. | Yi Chen Tao Lin Chang‑Bing Wang Wan‑Li Liang Guang‑Wan Lian Mark Zanin Sook‑San Wong Xin‑Gui Tian Jia‑Yu Zhong Ying‑Ying Zhang Jia‑Hui Xie Ling‑Ling Zheng Fei‑Yan Chen Run Dang Ming‑Qi Zhao Yi‑Yu Yang Rong Zhou Bing Zhu | 2022 | World Journal of Pediatrics2022，18，8： | 5 |
| 17 | De novo assembly of a Tibetan genome and identification of novel structural variants associated with high-altitude adaptation显示文摘Structural variants(SVs) may play important roles in human adaptation to extreme environments such as high altitude but have been under-investigated. Here, combining long-read sequencing with multiple scaffolding techniques, we assembled a high-quality Tibetan genome(ZF1), with a contig N50 length of 24.57 mega-base pairs(Mb) and a scaffold N50 length of 58.80 Mb. The ZF1 assembly filled 80 remaining N-gaps(0.25 Mb in total length) in the reference human genome(GRCh38). Markedly, we detected17 900 SVs, among which the ZF1-specific SVs are enriched in GTPase activity that is required for activation of the hypoxic pathway. Further population analysis uncovered a 163-bp intronic deletion in the MKL1 gene showing large divergence between highland Tibetans and lowland Han Chinese. This deletion is significantly associated with lower systolic pulmonary arterial pressure, one of the key adaptive physiological traits in Tibetans. Moreover, with the use of the high-quality de novo assembly, we observed a much higher rate of genome-wide archaic hominid(Altai Neanderthal and Denisovan) shared non-reference sequences in ZF1(1.32%–1.53%) compared to other East Asian genomes(0.70%–0.98%),reflecting a unique genomic composition of Tibetans. One such archaic hominid shared sequence-a662-bp intronic insertion in the SCUBE2 gene-is enriched and associated with better lung function(the FEV1/FVC ratio) in Tibetans. Collectively, we generated the first high-resolution Tibetan reference genome, and the identified SVs may serve as valuable resources for future evolutionary and medical studies. | Ouzhuluobu Yaoxi He Haiyi Lou Chaoying Cui Lian Deng Yang Gao Wangshan Zheng Yongbo Guo Xiaoji Wang Zhilin Ning Jun Li Bin Li Caijuan Bai Baimakangzhuo Gonggalanzi Dejiquzong Bianba Duojizhuoma Shiming Liu Tianyi Wu Shuhua Xu Xuebin Qi Bing Su | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，2： | 4 |
| 18 | Alteration of tumor suppressor gene p16 and Rb in gastric cancinogesis显示文摘Alterationoftumorsuppressorgenep16andRbingastriccancinogesisZHOUQi1,ZOUJianXiang2,CHENYuLong2,YUHuiZhen3,WANGLiDong1,LIYo... | ZHOU Qi1, ZOU JianXiang2, CHEN YuLong2, YU HuiZhen3,WANG LiDong1, LI YongXin1, GUO HuaQin1, GAO ShanShan1, and QIU SongLian11Laboratory for Cancer Research, Medical Experimental Center, 2Department of Gas | 1997 | World Journal of Gastroenterology1997，3，4： | 4 |
| 19 | Liver-resident NK cells suppress autoimmune cholangitis and limit the proliferation of CD4^(+) T cells显示文摘Liver-resident NK cells are distinct from conventional NK cells and play an important role in the maintenance of liver homeostasis.How liver-resident NK cells participate in autoimmune cholangitis remains unclear.Here,we extensively investigated the impact of NK cells in the pathogenesis of autoimmune cholangitis utilizing the well-established dnTGFβRII cholangitis model,NK cell-deficient(Nfil3−/−)mice,adoptive transfer and in vivo antibody-mediated NK cell depletion.Our data demonstrated that disease progression was associated with a significantly reduced frequency of hepatic NK cells.Depletion of NK cells resulted in exacerbated autoimmune cholangitis in dnTGFβRII mice.We further confirmed that the DX5−CD11c^(hi) liver-resident NK cell subset colocalized with CD4^(+) T cells and inhibited CD4^(+) T cell proliferation.Gene expression microarray analysis demonstrated that liver-resident NK cells had a distinct gene expression pattern consisting of the increased expression of genes involved in negative regulatory functions in the context of the inflammatory microenvironment. | Zhi-Bin Zhao Fang-Ting Lu Hong-Di Ma Yin-Hu Wang Wei Yang Jie Long Qi Miao Weici Zhang Zhigang Tian William M.Ridgway Jie Cao M.Eric Gershwin Zhe-Xiong Lian | 2020 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2020，17，2： | 4 |
| 20 | Temporal lobe epilepsy animal model established by stereotaxic microinjection of kainic acid显示文摘BACKGROUND: Kainic acid can be used to induce a model of epilepsy by systemic injection, such as intraperitoneal or subcutaneous injection. Individual rats have different responses to kainic acid, therefore high doses of drug are required and the success rate of model induction is low. It is necessary to develop an improved method to establish a temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) animal model. OBJECTIVE: To explore an economic, stable and efficient method of establishing a TLE animal model. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A completely randomized, controlled study. The experiments were performed in the Cellular Function Laboratory of the Physiology Department, Anhui Medical University from March to July 2007. MATERIALS: Twenty adult male Wistar rats, weighing 230–260 g, were provided by the Experimental Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University. Kainic acid was purchased from Sigma in USA. Type SN-2 stereotaxic apparatus was made by Narishge in Japan. METHODS: Wistar rats were randomly divided into a kainic acid (KA) group (n = 12) and a normal saline (NS) group (n = 8). For intrahippocampal microinjection, a burr hole was drilled in the skull at the following stereotaxic coordinates: anteroposterior (AP) 4.1 mm caudal to bregma; lateral (ML) 4.2 mm right lateral to the midline. Rats in the KA group were injected with 2.5 μL KA (0.4 g/L) into the center of the CA3 region, while in the NS group the same volume of NS was injected into the same site. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Both groups were monitored under a video capture system for 12 weeks to record spontaneous seizures. Intracranial eletroencepholograph (IEEG) recordings in vivo were performed after the behavioral observations. After the IEEG recordings, hippocampi were processed into coronal sections. Nissl and Timm stainings were then performed to observe and confirm pathology. RESULTS: Twenty rats were involved in the final analysis. Behavioral observations: the earliest spontaneous onset of epilepsy appeared 2 weeks after injection of KA. Eight rats had spontaneous onset of epilepsy 3–12 weeks after treatment. None of rats in the NS group had spontaneous onset of epilepsy. IEEG recordings: Epileptic-form waves, such as sharp waves and spike waves, were calculated by artificial analysis. The number of epileptic-form waves in the KA group increased significantly compared to those of the NS group (P < 0.01). Morphology results: In the KA group, Nissl staining and Timm staining revealed typical pathology in the hippocampal temporosphenoid lobe. In the NS group, no pathology was observed. CONCLUSION: Intrahippocampal microinjection of KA is a reliable method to establish a temporal lobe epilepsy animal model, requiring low doses of kainic acid and giving a high rate of success. | Zheng Wu Qi Xu Ruobing Qian Feng Yu Lian Yu Dehu Kong Liecheng Wang | 2008 | Neural Regeneration Research2008，3，4： | 4 |
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