| 1 | Paleoenvironmental implications of high-density records in Co-rich seamount crusts from the Pacific Ocean显示文摘Co-rich seamount crusts have been shown to possess great potential for providing information on paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic changes. High resolution data are essential to decipher and correctly understand such high-density records. With the development of modern microprobe techniques, detailed sampling of crusts can be performed and it is possible to retrieve detailed information about envi- ronmental changes recorded in the seamount crusts. We report here geochemical results of more than 40 elements (including all rare earth elements) of four Co-rich seamount crust samples, which were collected from seamounts in the central and western Pacific Ocean. These data were obtained with two micro-probe techniques: Electron Probe Micro Analyzer and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. The chronological framework of the seamount crust samples was determined using the cos- mogenic 10Be and the Co-chronometer. Records of elemental composition, P, and Al/(Fe + Mn) and Y/Ho ratios across the sections of the four samples are used to identify paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic events over the past ~30 Ma. These data show that: (1) Al/(Fe + Mn) in the western Pacific seamount crust is a useful proxy for the assessment of changes of source materials related to the variability of the Asian monsoon; (2) P and Y/Ho can be used as proxies to infer biogenic episodes. Finally we discuss the methodology related to dating and micro-probe analysis used in crust study. | WANG XiaoHong ZHOU LiPing WANG YiMin ZHANG XueHua LIU XiaoMing FAN XingTao LIU KeXin ZHOU JianXiong | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，10： | 5 |
| 2 | Decoupling engineering of formamidinium–cesium perovskites for efficient photovoltaics显示文摘Although pure formamidinium iodide perovskite(FAPbI3)possesses an optimal gap for photovoltaics,their poor phase stability limits the long-term operational stability of the devices.A promising approach to enhance their phase stability is to incorporate cesium into FAPbI3.However,state-of-the-art formamidinium–cesium(FA–Cs)iodide perovskites demonstrate much worse efficiency compared with FAPbI3,limited by the different crystallization dynamics of formamidinium and cesium,which result in poor composition homogeneity and high trap densities.We develop a novel strategy of crystallization decoupling processes of formamidinium and cesium via a sequential cesium incorporation approach.As such,we obtain highly reproducible,highly efficient and stable solar cells based on FA_(1–x)Cs_(x)PbI_(3)(x=0.05–0.16)films with uniform composition distribution in the nanoscale and low defect densities.We also revealed a new stabilization mechanism for Cs doping to stabilize FAPbI3,i.e.the incorporation of Cs into FAPbI3 significantly reduces the electron–phonon coupling strength to suppress ionic migration,thereby improving the stability of FA–Cs-based devices. | Haoran Chen Yong Wang Yingping Fan Yuetian Chen Yanfeng Miao Zhixiao Qin Xingtao Wang Xiaomin Liu Kaicheng Zhu Feng Gao Yixin Zhao | 2022 | National Science Review2022，9，10： | 1 |
| 3 | Flashing light in sponges through their siliceous fiber network:A new strategy of “neuronal transmission” in animals显示文摘Sponges(phylum Porifera) represent a successful animal taxon that evolved prior to the Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary(542 million years ago).They have developed an almost complete array of cell-and tissue-based interaction systems necessary for the establishment of a functional,multicellular body.However,a network of neurons,one cell/tissue-communication system is missing in sponges.This fact is puzzling and enigmatic,because these animals possess receptors known to be involved in the nervous system in evolutionary younger animal phyla.As an example,the metabotropic glutamate/GABA-like receptor has been identified and cloned by us.Recently,we have identified a novel light transmission/light responsive system in sponges that is based on their skeletal elements,the siliceous glass fibers,termed spicules.Two classes of sponges,the Hexactinellida and the Demospongiae,possess a siliceous skeleton that is composed of spicules.Studying the large spicules from hexactinellid sponges(>5 cm) revealed that these spicules are effective light-collecting optical fibers.Now we can report that the demosponge,Suberites domuncula,has a biosensor system consisting of the(organic) light producing luciferase and the(inorganic) light transducing silica spicules.The light transmission features of these smaller spicules(200 μm) has been demonstrated and the ability of the sponge tissue to generate light had been proven.Screening for a luciferase gene in S.domuncula was successful.In the next step,we searched for a protein potentially involved in light reception.Such a protein was identified,cloned and recombinantly expressed from S.domuncula.The protein sequence displays two domains characteristic of a cryptochrome,the N-terminal photolyase-related region and the C-terminal FAD-binding domain.The experimental data indicate that sponges may employ a network of luciferase-like proteins,a spicular system and a cryptochrome as the light source,optical waveguide and photosensor,respectively.Finally,we have identified a potential transcription factor involved in the control of the expression of luciferase and cryptochrome,a SOX-related protein.We assume that a flashing light signaling circuit exists,which may control the retinoic acid-induced differentiation of stem cells into pulsating and contracting sponge cells,and into pinacocytes and myocytes.Such a 'nervous'-like signal transduction system has not been previously described. | WANG XiaoHong FAN XingTao SCHRODER Heinz C MULLER Werner E G | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，25： | 1 |
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