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| 1 | Terrestrial carbon sinks in China and around the world and their contribution to carbon neutrality显示文摘Enhancing the terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink(referred to as terrestrial C sink) is an important way to slow down the continuous increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) concentration and to achieve carbon neutrality target.To better understand the characteristics of terrestrial C sinks and their contribution to carbon neutrality,this review summarizes major progress in terrestrial C budget researches during the past decades,clarifies spatial patterns and drivers of terrestrial C sources and sinks in China and around the world,and examines the role of terrestrial C sinks in achieving carbon neutrality target.According to recent studies,the global terrestrial C sink has been increasing from a source of (-0.2±0.9) Pg C yr^(-1)(1 Pg=1015g)in the 1960s to a sink of (1.9±1.1) Pg C yr^(-1) in the 2010s.By synthesizing the published data,we estimate terrestrial C sink of 0.20–0.25 Pg C yr^(-1) in China during the past decades,and predict it to be 0.15–0.52 Pg C yr^(-1) by 2060.The terrestrial C sinks are mainly located in the mid-and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere,while tropical regions act as a weak C sink or source.The C balance differs much among ecosystem types:forest is the major C sink;shrubland,wetland and farmland soil act as C sinks;and whether the grassland functions as C sink or source remains unclear.Desert might be a C sink,but the magnitude and the associated mechanisms are still controversial.Elevated atmospheric CO_(2) concentration,nitrogen deposition,climate change,and land cover change are the main drivers of terrestrial C sinks,while other factors such as fires and aerosols would also affect ecosystem C balance.The driving factors of terrestrial C sink differ among regions.Elevated CO_(2) concentration and climate change are major drivers of the C sinks in North America and Europe,while afforestation and ecological restoration are additionally important forcing factors of terrestrial C sinks in China.For future studies,we recommend the necessity for intensive and long-term ecosystem C monitoring over broad geographic scale to improve terrestrial biosphere models for accurately evaluating terrestrial C budget and its dynamics under various climate change and policy scenarios. | Yuanhe Yang Yue Shi Wenjuan Sun Jinfeng Chang Jianxiao Zhu Leiyi Chen Xin Wang Yanpei Guo Hongtu Zhang Lingfei Yu Shuqing Zhao Kang Xu Jiangling Zhu Haihua Shen Yuanyuan Wang Yunfeng Peng Xia Zhao Xiangping Wang Huifeng Hu Shiping Chen Mei Huang Xuefa Wen Shaopeng Wang Biao Zhu Shuli Niu Zhiyao Tang Lingli Liu Jingyun Fang | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022，65，5： | 32 |
| 2 | NEECF: a project of nutrient enrichment experiments in China’s forests显示文摘Anthropogenic nitrogen(N)emissions to atmosphere have increased dramatically in China since 1980s,and this increase has aroused great concerns on its ecological impacts on terrestrial ecosystems.Previous studies have showed that terrestrial ecosystems in China are acting as a large carbon(C)sink,but its potential in the future remains largely uncertain.So far little work on the impacts of the N deposition on C sequestration in China’s terrestrial ecosystems has been assessed at a national scale.Aiming to assess and predict how ecological processes especially the C cycling respond to the increasing N deposition in China’s forests,recently researchers from Peking University and their partners have established a manipulation experimental network on the ecological effects of the N deposition:Nutrient Enrichment Experiments in China’s Forests Project(NEECF).The NEECF comprises 10 experiments at 7 sites located from north to south China,covering major zonal forest vegetation in eastern China from boreal forest in Greater Khingan Mountains to tropical forests in Hainan Island.This paper introduces the framework of the NEECF project and its potential policy implications. | Enzai Du Zhang Zhou Peng Li Xueyang Hu Yuecun Ma Wei Wang Chengyang Zheng Jianxiao Zhu Jin-Sheng He Jingyun Fang | 2013 | Journal of Plant Ecology2013，6，5： | 13 |
| 3 | A significant carbon sink in temperate forests in Beijing: based on 20-year field measurements in three stands显示文摘Numerous efforts have been made to characterize forest carbon(C) cycles and stocks in various ecosystems. However, long-term observation on each component of the forest C cycle is still lacking. We measured C stocks and fluxes in three permanent temperate forest plots(birch, oak and pine forest) during 2011–2014, and calculated the changes of the components of the C cycle related to the measurements during 1992–1994 at Mt. Dongling, Beijing, China. Forest net primary production in birch, oak, and pine plots was 5.32, 4.53, and 6.73 Mg C ha?1 a?1, respectively. Corresponding net ecosystem production was 0.12, 0.43, and 3.53 Mg C ha?1 a?1. The C stocks and fluxes in 2011–2014 were significantly larger than those in 1992–1994 in which the biomass C densities in birch, oak, and pine plots increased from 50.0, 37.7, and 54.0 Mg C ha–1 in 1994 to 101.5, 77.3, and 110.9 Mg C ha?1 in 2014; soil organic C densities increased from 207.0, 239.1, and 231.7 Mg C ha?1 to 214.8, 241.7, and 238.4 Mg C ha?1; and soil heterotrophic respiration increased from 2.78, 3.49, and 1.81 Mg C ha?1 a?1 to 5.20, 4.10, and 3.20 Mg C ha?1 a?1. These results suggest that the mountainous temperate forest ecosystems in Beijing have served as a carbon sink in the last two decades. These observations of C stocks and fluxes provided field-based data for a long-term study of C cycling in temperate forest ecosystems. | ZHU JianXiao HU XueYang YAO Hui LIU GuoHua JI ChenJun FANG JingYun | 2015 | Science China(Life Sciences)2015，58，11： | 6 |
| 4 | Effects of litter quality and climate change along an elevational gradient on litter decomposition of subalpine forests, Eastern Tibetan Plateau, China显示文摘Temperature and freeze-thaw events are two key factors controlling litter decomposition in cold biomes.Predicted global warming and changes in freeze-thaw cycles therefore may directly or indirectly impact litter decomposition in those ecosystems. Here, we conducted a2-year-long litter decomposition experiment along an elevational gradient from 3000 to 3600 m to determine the potential effects of litter quality, climate warming and freeze-thaw on the mass losses of three litter types [dragon spruce(Picea asperata Mast.), red birch(Betula albosinensis Burk.), and minjiang fir(Abies faxoniana Rehd. et Wild)]. Marked differences in mass loss were observed among the litter types and sampling dates. Decay constant(k) values of red birch were significantly higher than those of the needle litters. However, mass losses between elevations did not differ significantly for any litter type.During the winter, lost mass contributed 18.3–28.8 % of the net loss rates of the first year. Statistical analysis showed that the relationships between mass loss and litter chemistry or their ratios varied with decomposition periods. Our results indicated that short-term field incubations could overestimate the k value of litter decomposition.Considerable mass was lost from subalpine forest litters during the wintertime. Potential future warming may not affect the litter decomposition in the subalpine forest ecosystems of eastern Tibetan Plateau. | Zhenfeng Xu Jianxiao Zhu Fuzhong Wu Yang Liu Bo Tan Wanqin Yang | 2016 | Journal of Forestry Research2016，27，3： | 6 |
| 5 | Expression of HPV6b L1/EBV LMP2 multiepitope and immunogenicity in mice显示文摘人的乳头状瘤病毒(HPV ) 专业衣壳蛋白质 L1 是为 epitopes 的交货的重要车辆。调查包含 EpsteinBarr 的 multiepitope 的 hybridized HPV6b L1 的表示和 immunogenicity 病毒(EBV ) 潜伏膜蛋白质 2 (LMP2 ) ,包含哺乳动物的 codon 优化 HPV6b L1 基因和 EBV LMP2 multiepitope 的 recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1 (+) 被构造。包含 T 房间和 B 房间 epitope 富有的肽的 EBV LMP2 multiepitope 被插入到 HPV6b 编码 L1 顺序的 C 终端。构造 plasmid 在由酶限制试金和 DNA 验证了以后,定序是进 COS-7 房间的 transfected。在 COS-7 房间的妄想的基因的表示被 RT-PCR,西方的污点分析和 immunofluorescence 试金证实。结果在 transfected COS-7 房间在 mRNA 和蛋白质层次两个都揭示了妄想的 HPV6b L1/EBV LMP2 multiepitope 基因的成功的表示。在老鼠的肌内的管理能对 HPV6b 得到不仅抗体 L1 像病毒的粒子和 EBV LMP2,而且对 EBV LMP2 epitopes 的细胞毒素的 T 淋巴细胞活动。现在的结果证实那 HPV L1 蛋白质是潜在的作为 immunogen 把 EBV LMP2 的 multiepitope 送到 MHC 一级和班 II 小径,扩大象交货车辆的 HPV L1 的使用。 | Shanli Zhu Xiangyang Xue Jianxiao Liu Lijun Lu Pengyun Zhao Jia Wang WenShu Li Lifang Zhang | 2010 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2010，42，8： | 4 |
| 6 | Soil respiration and its partitioning in different components in tropical primary and secondary mountain rain forests in Hainan Island,china显示文摘Aims Soil respiration is one of the most important components in the car-bon(c)cycle in terrestrial ecosystems.to investigate the contribution of each component of c cycle to the total soil c efflux,we quantified the rates of litter,root,and other mineral soil respiration from 2012 to 2014 in the primary and secondary tropical mountain rain forests in Hainan Island,china.Methods the seasonal dynamics of soil(Rs),non-litter(RNL)and non-root(RNR)respiration rates were measured using an automatic chamber system(Li-8100).Litter removal and root removal treatments were used to assess the contribution of litter and roots to belowground c production.We estimated the annual c efflux of each compo-nent of soil respiration in primary and secondary forests using a temperature-based exponential model and analyzed the impact of each component in each forest type.Important Findingsthe annual total soil c efflux was significantly higher in the primary rain forest(1567±205 g c m^(−2)yr^(−1))than that in the secondary forest(1300±70 g c m^(−2)yr^(−1),P<0.05).the litter,root,and mineral soils contributed 22%(349±185 g c m^(−2)yr^(−1)),38%(589±100 g c m^(−2)yr^(−1)),and 40%(628±128 g c m^(−2)yr^(−1))to the total soil c efflux in primary rain forest,respectively.In secondary forest,these three components contributed 11%(148±35 g c m^(−2)yr^(−1)),45%(572±259 g c m^(−2)yr^(−1)),and 44%(580±226 g c m^(−2)yr^(−1)),respectively.the temperature sensitivity(Q10)of Rs(2.70±0.14)in the primary forest was significantly higher than that in the secondary forest(2.34±0.12),with the Q10 values for respiration decreasing in the order of RNR>Rs>RNL.these results show that the difference in litter respiration between primary and secondary forest caused the major difference in annual soil respiration efflux between these two forest types.In addition,the litter respiration is more sensitive to the soil temperature than the other soil respiration components. | Lai Jiang Suhui Ma Zhang Zhou Tianli Zheng Xingxing Jiang Qiong Cai Peng Li Jianxiao Zhu Yide Li Jingyun Fang | 2017 | Journal of Plant Ecology2017，10，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Impacts of fire severity and post-fire reforestation on carbon pools in boreal larch forests in Northeast China显示文摘Aims Boreal larch(Larix gmelinii)forests in Northeast China have been widely disturbed since the 1987 conflagration;however,its long-term effects on the forest carbon(C)cycling have not been explored.The objective of this study thus was to quantify the effects of fire severity and post-fire reforestation on C pools and the changes of these forests.Methods Sixteen permanent plots have been set in two types of larch stands(L.gmelinii-grass,LG;and L.gmelinii-Rhododendron dahurica,LR)with three levels of fire severity(unburned,low-severity and high-severity but replanted),at 1987 burned sites in Daxing’anling,northeastern China,to repeatedly measure ecosystem C pools in 1998 and 2014.C components were partitioned into vegetation(foliage,branch,stem and roots),soil and detritus(standing and fallen woody debris and litter).The fire effects on post-fire C dynamics were examined by comparing the differences of C pools and changes between the two field investigations caused by fire severity.Important Findings During the study period,unburned mature stands were C sinks(105 g C m^(−2) year^(−1) for LG,and 190 g C m^(−2) year^(−1) for LR),whereas the low-severity stands were C-neutral(−4 and 15 g C m^(−2) year^(−1) for LG and LR,respectively).The high-severity burned but reforested stands were C sinks,among which,however,magnitudes(88 and 16 g C m^(−2) year^(−1) for LG and LR,respectively)were smaller than those of the two unburned stands.Detritus C pools decreased significantly(with a loss ranging from 26 to 38 g C m^(−2) year^(−1))in the burned stands during recent restoration.Soil organic C pools increased slightly in the unmanaged stands(unburned and lowseverity,with accumulation rates ranging from 4 to 35 g C m^(−2) year^(−1)),but decreased for the high-severity replanted stands(loss rates of 28 and 36 g C m^(−2) year^(−1) for LG and LR,respectively).These results indicate that fire severity has a dynamic post-fire effect on both C pools and distributions of the boreal larch forests,and that effective reforestation practice accelerates forest C sequestration. | Xueyang Hu Jianxiao Zhu Chuankuan Wang Tianli Zheng Qiqian Wu Hui Yao Jingyun Fang | 2016 | Journal of Plant Ecology2016，9，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Bimolecular reduction of carbon dioxide: double synthons for alkynes trifunctionalization显示文摘Carbon dioxide reduction, as a sustainable and versatile strategy for the access of chemical fuels, has attracted increasing attention and enormous efforts have been devoted to it in recent years. However, employing carbon dioxide as double synthons via bimolecular reduction remains challenging. Here, by leveraging the bimolecular reduction of carbon dioxide to carbonyl and methyl respectively, we describe a Pd-catalyzed trifunctionalization of alkynes with aryl iodide for the first time and showcase its advantages on the formation of various β-diketones and their application in the constructing of heterocyclic compounds with important biological activity, including pyrimidine, oxazole, pyrazole. | Wenfang Xiong Xiaobin Tan Hongjian Liu Baiyao Zhu Jinwu Zhao Jianxiao Li Chaorong Qi Huanfeng Jiang | 2024 | Science China Chemistry2024，67，3： | 0 |
| 9 | Comprehensive Commissioning Test of Cold Neutron Source with Deuterium with Reactor Power Operation in CARR显示文摘The single-phase liquid deuterium was adopted and used as the moderator of cold neutron in China Advanced Research Reactor(CARR).Liquid deuterium moderator go through in-pile device where heat exchanger and thermosiphon loop located and was cooled by the closed naturally cycling and helium interlining | LI Jianlong LANG Yuqing FU Ziliang YANG Yuchen Victor Mitiukhliae ZHEN Jianxiao ZHU Jiyin WANG Yulin | 2017 | Annual Report of China Institute of Atomic Energy2017，，1： | 0 |
| 10 | Cobalt-catalyzed cascade hydroalkenylation of 1,6-enynes with chalcones显示文摘An efficient stereoselective cobalt-catalyzed hydrovinylative cyclization of 1,6-enynes with chalcones toobtain functionalized pyrrolidines has been developed. The products were furnished in good yields withup to 93% ee. A plausible mechanism through which the transformation was initiated by cyclization of1,6-enynes is proposed. | Chunxiang Pan Gaowei Wang Hengyuan Zhao Jianxiao Ni Ruifeng Fan Yongyun Zhou Yuanbin Zhu Shiyuan Wu Baomin Fan | 2022 | Organic Chemistry Frontiers2022，9，6： | 0 |
| 11 | Ubiquitination and degradation of SIK2 by DNA-PKcs deficiency promote radiation-induced mitotic catastrophe显示文摘Salt-inducible kinase 2 (SIK2) is a member of the AMP-activated serine/threonine kinase family. It has been reported that inhibition of SIK2 can enhance the cytotoxicity of paclitaxel,1 promote premitotic apoptosis, and lead to cell cycle arrest in the metaphase.2 Thus, targeting SIK2 may be a therapeutic strategy for cancers drug and radiotherapy resistance. Mitotic catastrophe is a type of abnormal mitosis leading to cell death characterized by the multipolar spindle and multinucleation, which was first discovered during an ionizing radiation (IR)-induced cell damage.3 However, the mechanism of mitotic catastrophe is not well understood. The present study aimed to assess the effect of the knockdown of SIK2 on IR-induced mitotic catastrophe. | Jiaojiao Zhu Ying Zhang Ziyan Yan Jianxiao Wang Ping Wang Xinxin Liang Yuhao Liu Xingkun Ao Maoxiang Zhu Pingkun Zhou Yongqing Gu | 2023 | Genes & Diseases2023，10，2： | 0 |
| 12 | Changes in carbon storages of Fagus forest ecosystems along an elevational gradient on Mt. Fanjingshan in Southwest China显示文摘森林生态系统碳库通常包括植被、土壤、凋落物与木质残体等几个组分。本研究旨在探讨中国一种重要的森林生态系统—水青冈林(Fagus L.)中这些碳库的沿海拔梯度格局变化及其驱动因子。在中国贵州省梵净山,沿海拔梯度(1095–1930 m)调查了9个水青冈林各碳库的碳储量。采用方差分解探讨了林龄、气候及其他因子对碳储量的影响,同时对梵净山与贵州和全球其他地区水青冈林的碳储量进行了比较。梵净山水青冈林生态系统碳储量在190.5–504.3 Mg C ha^(–1)之间,其主要组分包括植被碳库(33.7–73.9%)和土壤碳库(23.9–65.5%),而木质残体(0.05–3.1%)和凋落物(0.2–0.7%)对该生态系统碳储量的贡献不超过4%。随海拔升高,生态系统碳储量呈增加趋势,其中植被与木质残体碳库增加,而凋落物与土壤碳库无明显的变化趋势。对梵净山水青冈林,气候与林龄是其各组分碳储量海拔格局形成的主要原因;而对于全球水青冈林,林龄是其碳储量变化的主导因子。相比全球其他地区的水青冈林,贵州水青冈林具有较高的植被碳储量积累速率,这可能与贵州较高的降水量有关。本研究结果有助于理解中国水青冈林碳收支及其在区域碳循环中的可能作用,同时强调了林龄与气候对碳积累的重要性。 | Qiong Cai Chengjun Ji Xuli Zhou Helge Bruelheide Wenjing Fang Tianli Zheng Jiangling Zhu Lei Shi Haibo Li Jianxiao Zhu Jingyun Fang | 2020 | Journal of Plant Ecology2020，13，2： | 0 |
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