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| 1 | Terrestrial carbon sinks in China and around the world and their contribution to carbon neutrality显示文摘Enhancing the terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink(referred to as terrestrial C sink) is an important way to slow down the continuous increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) concentration and to achieve carbon neutrality target.To better understand the characteristics of terrestrial C sinks and their contribution to carbon neutrality,this review summarizes major progress in terrestrial C budget researches during the past decades,clarifies spatial patterns and drivers of terrestrial C sources and sinks in China and around the world,and examines the role of terrestrial C sinks in achieving carbon neutrality target.According to recent studies,the global terrestrial C sink has been increasing from a source of (-0.2±0.9) Pg C yr^(-1)(1 Pg=1015g)in the 1960s to a sink of (1.9±1.1) Pg C yr^(-1) in the 2010s.By synthesizing the published data,we estimate terrestrial C sink of 0.20–0.25 Pg C yr^(-1) in China during the past decades,and predict it to be 0.15–0.52 Pg C yr^(-1) by 2060.The terrestrial C sinks are mainly located in the mid-and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere,while tropical regions act as a weak C sink or source.The C balance differs much among ecosystem types:forest is the major C sink;shrubland,wetland and farmland soil act as C sinks;and whether the grassland functions as C sink or source remains unclear.Desert might be a C sink,but the magnitude and the associated mechanisms are still controversial.Elevated atmospheric CO_(2) concentration,nitrogen deposition,climate change,and land cover change are the main drivers of terrestrial C sinks,while other factors such as fires and aerosols would also affect ecosystem C balance.The driving factors of terrestrial C sink differ among regions.Elevated CO_(2) concentration and climate change are major drivers of the C sinks in North America and Europe,while afforestation and ecological restoration are additionally important forcing factors of terrestrial C sinks in China.For future studies,we recommend the necessity for intensive and long-term ecosystem C monitoring over broad geographic scale to improve terrestrial biosphere models for accurately evaluating terrestrial C budget and its dynamics under various climate change and policy scenarios. | Yuanhe Yang Yue Shi Wenjuan Sun Jinfeng Chang Jianxiao Zhu Leiyi Chen Xin Wang Yanpei Guo Hongtu Zhang Lingfei Yu Shuqing Zhao Kang Xu Jiangling Zhu Haihua Shen Yuanyuan Wang Yunfeng Peng Xia Zhao Xiangping Wang Huifeng Hu Shiping Chen Mei Huang Xuefa Wen Shaopeng Wang Biao Zhu Shuli Niu Zhiyao Tang Lingli Liu Jingyun Fang | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022，65，5： | 32 |
| 2 | A nowcasting model for the prediction of typhoon tracks based on a long short term memory neural network显示文摘It is of vital importance to reduce injuries and economic losses by accurate forecasts of typhoon tracks. A huge amount of typhoon observations have been accumulated by the meteorological department, however, they are yet to be adequately utilized. It is an effective method to employ machine learning to perform forecasts. A long short term memory(LSTM) neural network is trained based on the typhoon observations during 1949–2011 in China's Mainland, combined with big data and data mining technologies, and a forecast model based on machine learning for the prediction of typhoon tracks is developed. The results show that the employed algorithm produces desirable 6–24 h nowcasting of typhoon tracks with an improved precision. | GAO Song ZHAO Peng PAN Bin LI Yaru ZHOU Min XU Jiangling ZHONG Shan SHI Zhenwei | 2018 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2018，37，5： | 17 |
| 3 | Verification of an operational ocean circulation-surface wave coupled forecasting system for the China's seas显示文摘An operational ocean circulation-surface wave coupled forecasting system for the seas off China and adjacent areas(OCFS-C) is developed based on parallelized circulation and wave models. It has been in operation since November 1, 2007. In this paper we comprehensively present the simulation and verification of the system, whose distinguishing feature is that the wave-induced mixing is coupled in the circulation model. In particular, with nested technique the resolution in the China's seas has been updated to(1/24)° from the global model with(1/2)°resolution. Besides, daily remote sensing sea surface temperature(SST) data have been assimilated into the model to generate a hot restart field for OCFS-C. Moreover, inter-comparisons between forecasting and independent observational data are performed to evaluate the effectiveness of OCFS-C in upper-ocean quantities predictions, including SST, mixed layer depth(MLD) and subsurface temperature. Except in conventional statistical metrics, non-dimensional skill scores(SS) is also used to evaluate forecast skill. Observations from buoys and Argo profiles are used for lead time and real time validations, which give a large SS value(more than 0.90). Besides, prediction skill for the seasonal variation of SST is confirmed. Comparisons of subsurface temperatures with Argo profiles data indicate that OCFS-C has low skill in predicting subsurface temperatures between 100 m and 150 m. Nevertheless, inter-comparisons of MLD reveal that the MLD from model is shallower than that from Argo profiles by about 12 m, i.e., OCFS-C is successful and steady in MLD predictions. Validation of 1-d, 2-d and 3-d forecasting SST shows that our operational ocean circulation-surface wave coupled forecasting model has reasonable accuracy in the upper ocean. | WANG Guansuo ZHAO Chang XU Jiangling QIAO Fangli XIA Changshui | 2016 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2016，35，2： | 5 |
| 4 | Assimilation of High Frequency Radar Data into a Shelf Sea Circulation Model显示文摘High Frequency(HF) radar current data is assimilated into a shelf sea circulation model based on optimal interpolation(OI) method. The purpose of this work is to develop a real-time computationally highly efficient assimilation method to improve the forecast of shelf current. Since the true state of the ocean is not known, the specification of background error covariance is arduous. Usually, it is assumed or calculated from an ensemble of model states and is kept in constant. In our method, the spatial covariances of model forecast errors are derived from differences between the adjacent model forecast fields, which serve as the forecast tendencies. The assumption behind this is that forecast errors can resemble forecast tendencies, since variances are large when fields change quickly and small when fields change slowly. The implementation of HF radar data assimilation is found to yield good information for analyses. After assimilation, the root-mean-square error of model decreases significantly. Besides, three assimilation runs with variational observation density are implemented. The comparison of them indicates that the pattern described by observations is much more important than the amount of observations. It is more useful to expand the scope of observations than to increase the spatial interval. From our tests, the spatial interval of observation can be 5 times bigger than that of model grid. | XU Jiangling HUANG Juan GAO Song CAO Yajing | 2014 | Journal of Ocean University of China2014，13，4： | 5 |
| 5 | Assimilation of surface currents into a regional model over Qingdao coastal waters of China显示文摘雷达穿的高频率(HF ) 测量的表面水流基于 Kalman 过滤器方法在 Qingdao 沿海的水上被吸收进一个地区性的海洋模型。一系列数字实验被执行评估数据吸收计划的性能。以便在传统的整体 Kalman 过滤器(ENKF ) 优化分析过程,一个不同分析计划把 quasiensemble 称为 Kaman 过滤器(QENKF ) 被建议。在 ENKF 和 QENKF 之间的比较两个都建议那他们能改进模仿的错误和空间结构。背景错误协变性(BEC ) 的评价被比较三个不同方法也估计:蒙特卡罗方法;加拿大的快协变性(CQC ) 方法和数据无常引擎(到期) 方法。在模型结果和 CQC 方法能更好为这沿海的海洋复制错误统计的观察表演之间的错误建模的 root-mean-square (RMS ) 的重要减小并且相应外部强迫。另外,到整体尺寸的数据吸收系统的敏感也借助于在实验使用的整体尺寸的不同规模被分析。它被发现那给计算费用和预报精确性的平衡, 50 的整体尺寸将是 Qingdao 沿海的水里的一种适当选择。 | ZHAO Jian CHEN Xueen XU Jiangling HU Wei CHEN Jinrui Pohlmann Thomas | 2013 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2013，32，7： | 2 |
| 6 | Subcellular localization and functional analyses of a PR10 protein gene from Vitis pseudoreticulata in response to Plasmopara viticola infection显示文摘 | Mingyang He Yan Xu Jiangling Cao Ziguo Zhu Yuntong Jiao Yuejin Wang Xin Guan Yazhou Yang Weirong Xu Zhenfang Fu | 2013 | Protoplasma2013，，1： | 1 |
| 7 | A new solid selPmicro- emulsifying formulation prepared by spray-drying to improve the oral bioavailabitity of poorly water soluble drugs显示文摘 | Tao Yi Jiangling Wan Huibi Xu | 2008 | Eur J Pharm Biopharm2008，70，43： | 1 |
| 8 | Isolation and identification of respiratory tract and intestinal microflora of Meriones meridianus in a conventional animal facility显示文摘Background: Culturable bacterial species from the respiratory tract and ileocecal junction of Meriones meridianus(midday gerbils) captured in the Xinjiang Luntai area were isolated and identified to confirm the microflora and develop approaches for biological purification of laboratory animals and relevant microbial precautions.Methods: Bacteria from respiratory tracts and ileocecal junctions of 30 wild M. meridianus were harvested and isolated by inoculation into culture media. Isolated strains were confirmed by mass spectrometry and 16 S rRNA sequencing.Results: Thirty-nine bacterial species from 20 families and 27 genera were identified and isolated from wild M. meridianus. Typical bacteria were Enterobacteriaceae,Enterococcus, and Staphylococcus aureus, and the most common microflora were Vibrio, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Conclusion: Wild M. meridianus carries multiple bacteria, most of which are pathogenic or conditional pathogens. This study provides a basis for the development of animal models and laboratory animals from wild M. meridianus. | Yimei Xu Shen Shi Huakui Yan Xiaohui Xu Jiangling Yuan Lifu Liao | 2018 | Animal Models and Experimental Medicine2018，1，4： | 0 |
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