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| 1 | Adsorptive removal of antibiotics from water using magneticion exchange resin显示文摘The occurrence of antibiotics in the environment has recently raised serious concern regarding their potential threat to aquatic ecosystem and human health. In this study, the magnetic ion exchange(MIEX) resin was applied for removing three commonly-used antibiotics, sulfamethoxazole(SMX), tetracycline(TCN) and amoxicillin(AMX) from water.The results of batch experiments show that the maximum adsorption capacities on the MIEX resin for SMX, TCN and AMX were 789.32, 443.18 and 155.15 μg/m L at 25°C,respectively, which were 2–7 times that for the powdered activated carbon. The adsorption kinetics of antibiotics on the MIEX resin could be simulated by the pseudo-second-order model(R^2= 0.99), and the adsorption isotherm data were well described by the Langmuir model(R^2= 0.97). Solution p H exhibited a remarkable impact on the adsorption process and the absorbed concentrations of the tested antibiotics were obtained around the neutral p H.The MIEX resin could be easily regenerated by 2 mol/L Na Cl solution and maintained high adsorption removal for the tested antibiotics after regeneration. Anion exchange mechanism mainly controlled the adsorption of antibiotic and the formation of hydrogen binding between the antibiotic and resin can also result in the increase of adsorption capacity. The high adsorption capacity, fast adsorption rate and prominent reusability make the MIEX resin a potential adsorbent in the application for removing antibiotics from water. | Tianyue Wang Xun Pan Weiwei Ben Jianbing Wang Pin Hou Zhimin Qiang | 2017 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2017，29，2： | 12 |
| 2 | Streamwise-body-force-model for rapid simulation combining internal and external flow fields显示文摘A streamwise-body-force-model(SBFM) is developed and applied in the overall flow simulation for the distributed propulsion system, combining internal and external flow fields. In view of axial stage effects, fan or compressor effects could be simplified as body forces along the streamline. These body forces which are functions of local parameters could be added as source terms in Navier-Stokes equations to replace solid boundary conditions of blades and hubs. The validation of SBFM with uniform inlet and distortion inlet of compressors shows that pressure performance characteristics agree well with experimental data. A three-dimensional simulation of the integration configuration, via a blended wing body aircraft with a distributed propulsion system using the SBFM, has been completed. Lift coefficient and drag coefficient agree well with wind tunnel test results. Results show that to reach the goal of rapid integrated simulation combining internal and external flow fields, the computational fluid dynamics method based on SBFM is reasonable. | Cui Rong Li Qiushi Pan Tianyu Zhang Jian | 2016 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2016，29，5： | 6 |
| 3 | Enhanced magnetic properties in chemically inhomogeneous Nd-Dy-Fe-B sintered magnets by multi-main-phase process显示文摘Homogeneous substitution of Dy for Nd in the hard magnetic 2:14:1 phase can effectively enhance coercivity to ensure the high temperature operation,however,inevitably deteriorate remanence at expense.In this work,we performed a comparative investigation of the two magnets prepared by multimain-phase(co-sintering Nd_(2)Fe_(14)B and(Nd,Dy)_(2)Fe_(14)B powders)and single-main-phase(sintering(Nd,Dy)_(2)Fe_(14)B powders)approaches.The comparative investigation reveals that at the same Dy substitution level(2.16 wt%),such chemically inhomogeneous multi-main-phase magnet possesses better roomtemperature magnetic properties as well as thermal stability than those of the single-main-phase one with homogenous Dy distribution in the matrix grains.Room-temperature magnetic properties H_(Cj)=1664 kA/m,B_(r)=1.33 T and(BH)_(max)=350.4 kJ/m^(3)for the multi-main-phase magnet are all better than those for the single-main-phase magnet with H_(Cj)=1536 kA/m,B_(r)=1.29 T and(BH)_(max)=318.4 kj/m^(3).In addition,over the temperature range from 295 to 423 K,both the temperature coefficients of coercivity and remanence for the multi-main-phase magnet are also lower than that for the single-main-phase magnet.Such superior magnetic performance is attributed to the short-range magnetic interactions inside individual 2:14:1 phase grains and the long-range magnetostatic interactions between adjacent grains with inhomogeneous Dy distribution.Our work provides a feasible approach of enhancing coercivity and retaining energy product simultaneously in the Nd-Dy-Fe-B permanent magnets. | Xiaolian Liu Mengjie Pan Pei Zhang Tianyu Ma Lizhong Zhao Lingwei Li | 2021 | Journal of Rare Earths2021，39，5： | 5 |
| 4 | Development of a coupled supersonic inlet-fan Navier–Stokes simulation method显示文摘A coupled supersonic inlet-fan Navier–Stokes simulation method was developed by using COMSOL-CFD code. The flow turning, pressure rise and loss effects across blade rows of the fan and the inlet-fan interactions were taken into account as source terms of the governing equations without a blade geometry by a body force model. In this model, viscous effects in blade passages can also be calculated directly, which include the exchange of momentum between fluids and detailed viscous flow close to walls. NASA Rotor 37 compressor test rig was used to validate the ability of the body force model to estimate the real performance of blade rows. Calculated pressure ratio characteristics and the distribution of the total pressure, total temperature, and swirl angle in the span direction agreed well with experimental and numerical data. It is shown that the body force model is a promising approach for predicting the flow field of the turbomachinery. Then, coupled axisymmetric mixed compression supersonic inlet-fan simulations were conducted at Mach number 2.8 operating conditions. The analysis includes coupled steady-state performance, and effects of the fan on the inlet. The results indicate that the coupled simulation method is capable of simulating behavior of the supersonic inlet-fan system. | Qiushi LI Yongzhao LYU Tianyu PAN Da LI Ha'nan LU Yifang GONG | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2018，31，2： | 5 |
| 5 | A Review on Nano-/Microstructured Materials Constructed by Electrochemical Technologies for Supercapacitors显示文摘The article reviews the recent progress of electrochemical techniques on synthesizing nano-/microstructures as supercapacitor electrodes.With a history of more than a century,electrochemical techniques have evolved from metal plating since their inception to versatile synthesis tools for electrochemically active materials of diverse morphologies,compositions,and functions.The review begins with tutorials on the operating mechanisms of five commonly used electrochemical techniques,including cyclic voltammetry,potentiostatic deposition,galvanostatic deposition,pulse deposition,and electrophoretic deposition,followed by thorough surveys of the nano-/microstructured materials synthesized electrochemically.Specifically,representative synthesis mechanisms and the state-of-the-art electrochemical performances of exfoliated graphene,conducting polymers,metal oxides,metal sulfides,and their composites are surveyed.The article concludes with summaries of the unique merits,potential challenges,and associated opportunities of electrochemical synthesis techniques for electrode materials in supercapacitors. | Huizhen Lv Qing Pan Yu Song Xiao‑Xia Liu Tianyu Liu | 2020 | Nano-Micro Letters2020，12，9： | 4 |
| 6 | LIN28 coordinately promotes nucleolar/ribosomal functions and represses the 2C-like transcriptional program in pluripotent stem cells显示文摘LIN28 is an RNA binding protein with important roles in early embryo development,stem cell differentiation/re-programming,tumorigenesis and metabolism.Previous studies have focused mainly on its role in the cytosol where it interacts with Let-7 microRNA precursors or mRNAs,and few have addressed LIN28's role within the nucleus.Here,we show that LIN28 displays dynamic temporal and spatial expression during murine embryo development.Maternal LIN28 expression drops upon exit from the 2-cell stage,and zygotic LIN28 protein is induced at the forming nucleolus during 4-cell to blas-tocyst stage development,to become dominantly expressed in the cytosol after implantation.In cultured pluripotent stem cells(PSCs),loss of LIN28 led to nucleolar stress and activation of a 2-cell/4-cell-like transcriptional program characterized by the expression of endogenous retrovirus genes.Mechanistically,LIN28 binds to small nucleolar RNAs and rRNA to maintain nucleolar integrity,and its loss leads to nucleolar phase separation defects,ribosomal stress and activation of P53 which in turn binds to and activates 2C transcription factor Dux.LIN28 also resides in a complex containing the nucleolar factor Nucleolin(NCL)and the transcrip-tional repressor TRIM28,and LIN28 loss leads to reduced occupancy of the NCL/TRIM28 complex on the Dux and rDNA loci,and thus de-repressed Dux and reduced rRNA expression.Lin28 knockout cells with nucleolar stress are more likely to assume a slowly cycling,translationally inert and anabolically inactive state,which is a part of previously unappreciated 2C-like transcriptional program.These findings elucidate novel roles for nucleolar LIN28 in PSCs,and a new mechanism linking 2C program and nucleolar functions in PSCs and early embryo development. | Zhen Sun Hua Yu Jing Zhao Tianyu Tan Hongru Pan Yuqing Zhu Lang Chen Cheng Zhang Li Zhang Anhua Lei Yuyan Xu Xianju Bi Xin Huang Bo Gao Longfei Wang Cristina Correia Ming Chen Qiming Sun Yu Feng Li Shen Hao Wu Jianlong Wang Xiaohua Shen George Q.Daley Hu Li Jin Zhang | 2022 | Protein & Cell2022，13，7： | 4 |
| 7 | Shenkang injection improves coagulation in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and Meta-analysis显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Shenkang injection(SKI) on chronic kidney disease(CKD).METHODS: Seven databases including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and CQVIP from their inception to March 2018 were searched. Only randomized controlled trials that evaluated conventional treatment and conventional treatment with SKI in CKD patients were investigated. Outcomes such as fibrinogen(FIB), D-dimer, prothrombin time(PT), activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), and the side effects of SKI were analyzed using Revman 5.3 software. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias tool and the quality of evidence was assessed using GRADEpro.RESULTS: Four randomized controlled trials were investigated in our analysis, and these studies were of moderate quality. For FIB and D-dimer, SKI had a superior effect compared with the control group(mean difference(MD)=-1.23, 95% confidence interval(CI):-1.46,-0.99, P < 0.01;MD =-0.36, 95%CI:-0.51,-0.21, P < 0.01, respectively)SKI increased APTT and PT compared with the control(MD = 7.34, 95% CI: 3.05, 11.62, P < 0.01;MD = 3.40,95% CI: 2.2, 4.61, P < 0.01, respectively). In the four studies, there were no side effects that were related to SKI.CONCLUSION: SKI may be effective in improving coagulation in patients with CKD without obvious adverse reactions. However, more well-designed studies are required to confirm the findings. | Song Zilin Qin Tianyu Pan Yajing Hua Qian Wu Lili Liu Tonghua | 2019 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2019，39，4： | 3 |
| 8 | Hysteresis behaviors of compressor rotating stall with cusp catastrophic model显示文摘Rotating stall is a complex nonlinear dynamic phenomenon which is always characterized by catastrophe and hysteresis in high aerodynamic-loading compressor. Exploring the key contributing factors and characteristic rules of hysteresis is very important for compressor design and flow instability control. In this paper, a novel model method is proposed to analyze the hysteresis behaviors to extend the understanding of compressor rotating stall. The equilibrium states of compressor system under different conditions are first described based on Moore-Greitzer model. Then,through assessing the stability of the equilibrium points by Liapunov's theorem, the ratio of shutoff head to compressor characteristic semi-height is found to affect the stall hysteresis: the size of hysteresis loop will gradually decrease, even disappear with the increase of the ratio. Combing the effects of both the ratio and throttle coefficient, the hysteresis behaviors of compressor stall under multi-parameters can be found to be consistent with the topological properties of cusp catastrophic model by Thom's catastrophe theory. Finally, according to topological invariant rules, from the perspective of potential function, the equilibrium surface equation of compressor system is developed by standard cusp catastrophic model to describe the various hysteresis behaviors of compressor rotating stall along different control routes. | Zhiping LI Peng ZHANG Tianyu PAN Qiushi LI Jian ZHANG | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2018，31，5： | 3 |
| 9 | Targeted delivery of docetaxel to the metastatic lymph nodes:A comparison study between nanoliposomes and activated carbon nanoparticles显示文摘The objective of this study is to compare the targeting ability of activated carbon nanoparticles and nanoliposomes,which are used as carriers for delivering docetaxel(DTX)to the metastatic lymph nodes.In this study,we first prepared the DTX-loaded activated carbon nanoparticles(DTX-AC-NPs)by modifying the activated carbon with nitric acid oxidation and absorbing DTX in the concentrated nitro-oxide nanocarbon.We then prepared DTX-loaded nanoliposomes(DTX-LPs)by the proliposome method.The physiochemical properties of DTX-AC-NPs and DTX-LPs were carefully evaluated in vitro.The metastatic lymph node uptake and the injection site retention were investigated by analyzing the DTX concentration in metastatic lymph nodes and injection sites.The result showed that DTX-AC-NPs and DTX-LPs with suitable and stable physicochemical properties could be used for in vivo lymph node targeting studies.DTX-AC-NPs significantly increased DTX-AUC_((0-24)) and prolonged DTX-retention in metastatic lymph nodes compared to DTX-LPs and non-modified activate carbon in vivo.This study demonstrated activated carbon nanoparticles may be potential intralymphatic drug delivery system to preferentially target regional metastatic lymph nodes. | Tiantian Ye Wen Xu Tianyu Shi Rui Yang Xinggang Yang Shujun Wang Weisan Pan | 2015 | Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences2015，10，1： | 2 |
| 10 | Effect of system response on partial surge initiated instability in a transonic axial flow compressor显示文摘Partial surge is a type of instability inception in transonic compressors and occurs in the form of axisymmetric low-frequency disturbances localized in the hub region.Previous studies illustrate that the frequency of partial surge is set by the Helmholtz frequency of the entire system,which motivates to propose a hypothesis that the system response performs an important role in the formation of partial surge.For further verification,a series of experiments are conducted to explore the link between the propagating of the partial surge and the system feedback in this study.In the first case,an additional test point is set on the wall of the plenum to detect the system response.Combining the flow behaviors inside the plenum with the disturbances in the rotor tip and stator hub/tip regions,the effects of the system feedback on the occurrence of the continuous disturbances and the rotating stall cells are illustrated.In the second case,a screen is mounted at the compressor outlet to prevent positive feedback from the plenum.The experimental results demonstrate that in the absence of system feedback,it is the occurrence of spike-type stall inception that leads to the flow instability instead of that of partial surge.In addition,three flow phenomena in the second case are discussed,including the occurrence of the single pulse,the unstable process during the stall evolution and the switch of instability inception. | Tianyu PAN Zhaoqi YAN Dakun SUN Simin LI Mengzong ZHENG Qiushi LI | 2022 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2022，35，2： | 2 |
| 11 | Effects of the radial blade loading distribution and B parameter on the type of flow instability in a low-speed axial compressor显示文摘Previous studies showed that an axisymmetric hub-initiated disturbance defined as partial surge may initiate the stall of a transonic compressor; to reveal the instability evolution under full-span incompressible flow for different levels of hub loading and B parameter, an experimental investigation is conducted on a single-stage low-speed compressor. Experimental results show that under a uniform inflow condition without inlet flow distortion, a modal-type stall inception dominates in this low-speed compressor. When an inlet screen introducing hub distortion is used to increase the hub loading, a compressor stall is initiated by a modal wave, but large disturbances are present in the hub region before the compressor stall, which become stronger as the hub loading increases. Under high hub loading and large B parameter(implemented by adding hub distortion through an inlet screen and enlarging the outlet plenum volume, respectively), a compressor stall is triggered by an axisymmetric hub-initiated disturbance, which is much different from the modal-like disturbances. The beginning of this axisymmetric disturbance may be captured over 800 rotor revolutions prior to the onset of stall, and the amplitude grows with time. The disturbance is hub-initiated because the disturbance signal at the hub is detected much earlier than that at the tip; meanwhile, the frequency of this axisymmetric disturbance changes with the length of the inlet duct. The characteristics of instability evolution in the low-speed compressor are also compared with those in a transonic compressor. | Qiushi LI Simin LI Tianyu PAN | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2018，31，7： | 2 |
| 12 | Wind vector retrieval algorithm from spaceborne lidar data显示文摘The principal purpose of this paper is to extract entire sea surface wind's information from spaceborne lidaand particularly to utilize a appropriate algorithm for removing the interference information due to whitecaps and subsurface water. Wind speeds are obtained through empirical relationship with sea surface measquare slopes. Wind directions are derived from relationship between wind speeds and wind directions implied in CMOD5n geophysical models function(GMF). Whitecaps backscattering signals were distinguishewith the help of lidar depolarization ratio measurements and rectified by whitecaps coverage equationSubsurface water backscattering signals were corrected by means of inverse distance weighted(IDW) froneighborhood non-singular data with optimal subsurface water backscattering calibration parameters. Tverify the algorithm reliably, it selected NDBC's TAO buoy-laying area as survey region in camparison witbuoys' wind field data and METOP satellite ASCAT of 25 km single orbit wind field data after temporal-spatial matching. Validation results showed that the retrieval algorithm works well in terms of root mean squarerror(RMSE) less than 2m/s and wind direction's RMSE less than 21 degree. | WANG Tianyu PAN Delu HE Xianqiang WANG Difeng | 2014 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2014，33，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Extracting desertification from Landsat TM imagery based on spectral mixture analysis and Albedo- Vegetation feature space显示文摘 | Jinghu Pan Tianyu Li | 2013 | Nat Hazards2013，，68： | 1 |
| 14 | FOXP3 Is an X-Linked Breast Cancer Suppressor Gene and an Important Repressor of the HER-2/ErbB2 Oncogene显示文摘 | Tao Zuo Lizhong Wang Carl Morrison Xing Chang Huiming Zhang Weiquan Li Yan Liu Yin Wang Xingluo Liu Michael W.Y. Chan Jin-Qing Liu Richard Love Chang-gong Liu Virginia Godfrey Rulong Shen Tim H.-M. Huang Tianyu Yang Bae Keun Park Cun-Yu Wang Pan Zheng Yan | 2007 | Cell2007，，7： | 1 |
| 15 | FOXP3 Is an X-Linked Breast Cancer Suppressor Gene and an Important Repressor of the HER-2/ErbB2 Oncogene显示文摘 | Tao Zuo Lizhong Wang Carl Morrison Xing Chang Huiming Zhang Weiquan Li Yan Liu Yin Wang Xingluo Liu Michael W.Y. Chan Jin-Qing Liu Richard Love Chang-gong Liu Virginia Godfrey Rulong Shen Tim H.-M. Huang Tianyu Yang Bae Keun Park Cun-Yu Wang Pan Zheng Yan | 2007 | Cell2007，，7： | 1 |
| 16 | Activation of RAS/MAPK pathway confers MCL-1 mediated acquired resistance to BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax in acute myeloid leukemia显示文摘Despite high initial response rates,acute myeloid leukemia(AML)treated with the BCL-2-selective inhibitor venetoclax(VEN)alone or in combinations commonly acquires resistance.We performed gene/protein expression,metabolomic and methylation analyses of isogenic AML cell lines sensitive or resistant to VEN,and identified the activation of RAS/MAPK pathway,leading to increased stability and higher levels of MCL-1 protein,as a major acquired mechanism of VEN resistance. | Qi Zhang Bridget Riley-Gillis Lina Han Yanan Jia Alessia Lodi Haijiao Zhang Saravanan Ganesan Rongqing Pan Sergej N.Konoplev Shannon R.Sweeney Jeremy A.Ryan Yulia Jitkova Kenneth Dunner Jr Shaun E.Grosskurth Priyanka Vijay Sujana Ghosh Charles Lu Wencai Ma Stephen Kurtz Vivian R.Ruvolo Helen Ma Connie CWeng Cassandra LRamage Natalia Baran Ce Shi Tianyu Cai Richard Eric Davis Venkata L.Battula Yingchang Mi Jing Wang Courtney D.DiNardo Michael Andreeff Jeffery W.Tyner Aaron Schimmer Anthony Letai Rose Ann Padua Carlos E.Bueso-Ramos Stefano Tiziani Joel Leverson Relja Popovic Marina Konopleva | 2022 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2022，7，3： | 1 |
| 17 | An oil slick spectral experiment of nearshore sea water in the East China Sea显示文摘Along with the rapid advance in global industrialization,oil spill events caused by offshore operations,transportation and accidents are increasing.Compared with ship surveys,monitoring oil spills through remote sensing has real-time,comprehensive,low-cost advantages,which can effectively guide cleaning and evaluation,and reduce the marine ecological destruction resulting from oil spills.Therefore,studying the remote sensing mechanism used to monitor marine oil spills is of great significance for ecological environmental protection.This paper describes an experiment and corresponding analysis based on the above-water method,using the East China Sea coastal turbid water.The analysis shows that'upward short-wave'in ultraviolet and blue-purple bands and its displacement,along with the changing thickness,are important characteristics for distinguishing between the oil slick and the sea water,and also to differentiate oil slicks of different thicknesses.From blue to near-infrared bands,the spectrum of lube oil is flatter than that of diesel,and the diesel spectrum rises faster than the lube spectrum on the right side of the trough at 400 nm.These two features form an important basis for differentiating diesel from lube oil.These analyses will further the development of oil spill remote sensing in the East China Sea. | WANG Difeng PAN Delu GONG Fang WANG Tianyu ZHAN Yuanzeng | 2013 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2013，32，11： | 1 |
| 18 | Study on effects of thickness on airfoil-stall at low Reynolds numbers by cusp-catastrophic model based on GA(W)-1 airfoil显示文摘The phenomena of an airfoil stall present the behaviors of catastrophe and hysteresis at low Reynolds numbers.Numerical simulation results of two-dimensional airfoil GA(W)-1 show that the width of the hysteresis loop of airfoil stall will gradually decrease and even disappear with the decrease of thickness ratio.These nonlinear characteristics are in accordance with the topological features of the cusp catastrophic model.According to the topological invariant principle,a novel topological mapping method is developed to establish the mapping relationship between cusp catastrophic model and stall characteristics of the airfoil,then the effect of thickness ratio on airfoil stall is successfully described quantitatively by cusp catastrophic model.Further,based on the established topological mapping relationship,combined with the mean flow field of the airfoil stall,potential function approach of cusp catastrophic model is first introduced to interpret the catastrophe and hysteresis of the airfoil stall,and it is found that as the thickness ratio decreases,the system’s maximal potential energy gradually disappears,and the short separation bubble at the leading edge of the airfoil changes to long separation bubble,so the airfoil stall changes from a bistable system to a monostable system. | Zhiping LI Peng ZHANG Tianyu PAN Qiushi LI Jian ZHANG | 2020 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2020，33，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Large-Area Gravure-Printed AgNWs Electrode on Water/Oxygen Barrier Substrate for Long-Term Stable Large-Area Flexible Organic Solar Cells显示文摘Large-area AgNWs electrodes(25 cm×10 cm)were fabricated through roll-to-roll printing on the polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)modified water and oxygen barrier substrate.The modification of the barrier film with PVA improved the wettability of silver nanowires on the barrier films and led to the formation of homogenous large-area AgNWs networks.The mechanical flexibility,especially the adhesion force between the silver electrode and the barrier film substrate was dramatically improved through PVA modification.The efficiency of 13.51%for the flexible OSCs with an area of 0.64 cm2 was achieved based on the PET/barrier film/PVA/AgNWs electrode.The long-term stability showed the flexible OSCs based on the PET/barrier film/PVA/AgNWs electrode have a significantly improved stability relative to the device on PET/AgNWs electrode,and comparable air stability as the rigid device with glass/ITO device.The unencapsulated devices maintained nearly 50%of the original efficiency after storage for 600 h in air.After a simple top encapsulation,the flexible devices remained at 60%of the initial efficiency after 2000 h in the air.Therefore,the flexible AgNWs electrode based on the barrier film would have the potential to improve the air storage stability of organic flexible solar cells. | Hao Wang Yaqin Pan Yunfei Han Zhuo Chen Tianyu Liu Lianping Zhang Qun Luo Chang-Qi Ma | 2024 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry2024，42，5： | 0 |
| 20 | A likely autotetraploidization event shaped the Chinese mahogany(Toona sinensis)genome显示文摘Chinese mahogany(Toona sinensis) is of considerable medical and economic importance, and its genome has been deciphered. However, the process underlying its polyploidy is unclear, and the chromosomal evolutionary trajectory is poorly understood. Here, by reanalysing the T.sinensis genome, we found evidence of a tetraploidization event(T. sinensis special tetraploidization, TST) that occurred approximately 15-17 million years ago(MYA) after the core eudicot-common hexaploidization(ECH or gamma) event. We characterized the synonymous nucleotide substitution rates(Ks values) of collinear genes and found that T. sinensis genes affected by the TST evolve at a slower rate than Acer yangbiense genes. Furthermore, we identified homologous genes related to polyploidization and speciation and constructed multiple alignments with different reference genomes. Notably, the significant balance of gene retention and loss characterized in the two TST-derived subgenomes suggests an autopolyploid nature of the TST. Moreover, we deduced the chromosomal karyotypes of the two subgenomes and identified 7chromosomal fusions that have shaped the T. sinensis genome;more information is available on a newly constructed karyotype platform(http://www.cgrpoee.top/Toona_sinensis/index.html). The T. sinensis genome preserves the ancestral chromosome structure of dicotyledons well and could serve as a good reference for understanding genomic changes in other Meliaceae and Sapindales plants. In addition, we verified that tandem duplication and the ECH have promoted the expansion of terpene synthase(TPS) genes;conversely, the TST seems to have inhibited expansion of these genes. This present effort has clarified the polyploidy events of the T. sinensis genome, filled gaps in the history of karyotype evolution, and laid a solid foundation for further genomic studies in the Meliaceae research community and beyond. | Jianyu Wang Ziyi Yang Tianyu Lei Yan Zhang Qimeng Xiao Zijian Yu Jiaqi Zhang Sangrong Sun Qiang Xu Shaoqi Shen Zimo Yan Mengnan Fang Yue Ding Zihan Liu Qianwen Zhu Ke Ren Yuxin Pan Haibin Liu Jinpeng Wang | 2023 | Horticultural Plant Journal2023，9，2： | 0 |
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